Ketogenesis and ketolysis (Homo sapiens)
From WikiPathways
Description
This pathway depicts several metabolic pathways involved in ketogenic diet treatment.
In hepatocytes in the liver, fatty acids (FAs) are normally transformed into acetyl-CoA, which can then enters the TCA (Krebs) cycle for energy production. However, when FA levels are to high for the TCA cycle to be utilized completely, acetyl-CoA is used in ketogenesis and ketolysis.
These processes are a complex process of transporter proteins and several other (mitochondrial) pathways [1].Quality Tags
Ontology Terms
Bibliography
- Newman JC, Verdin E; ''β-Hydroxybutyrate: A Signaling Metabolite.''; Annu Rev Nutr, 2017 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Noebels JL, Avoli M, Rogawski MA, Olsen R, Delgado-Escueta A; ''Jasper's Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies [Internet]. 4th edition.''; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK98219/figure/masino.f1/; National Center for Biotechnology Information (US), 2012
- Olson AL, Pessin JE; ''Structure, function, and regulation of the mammalian facilitative glucose transporter gene family.''; Annu Rev Nutr, 1996 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Sharpe AJ, McKenzie M; ''Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders Associated with Short-Chain Enoyl-CoA Hydratase (ECHS1) Deficiency.''; Cells, 2018 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
History
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External references
DataNodes
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Name | Type | Database reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
? | Protein | ||
ACA | Metabolite | CHEBI:15344 (ChEBI) ![]() | |
ACAT1 | Protein | P24752 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | mitochondrial acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase |
ATP | Metabolite | CHEBI:15422 (ChEBI) ![]() | |
Acetoacetyl -CoA | Metabolite | CHEBI:15345 (ChEBI) ![]() | |
Acetyl-CoA | Metabolite | CHEBI:15351 (ChEBI) ![]() | |
BDH1 | Protein | Q02338 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | AKA 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase |
BHB | Metabolite | CHEBI:37054 (ChEBI) ![]() | BHB aka β-hydroxybutyrate |
CAT | Protein | O43772 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | CAT aka carnitine translocase |
CO2 | Metabolite | CHEBI:16526 (ChEBI) ![]() | |
CPT-1 | Protein | P23786 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | CPT1 (mitochondrial isoform) aka carnitine palmitoyl transferase |
FAO | Pathway | WP143 (WikiPathways) ![]() | |
FA | Metabolite | Q61476 (Wikidata) ![]() | |
Fatty acids (FA) | Metabolite | Q61476 (Wikidata) ![]() | |
GLUT-1 | Protein | P11166 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | Gene: SLC2A1 |
Gluconeogenesis | Pathway | WP4740 (WikiPathways) ![]() | |
Glycolysis | Pathway | WP4277 (WikiPathways) ![]() | |
Ketogenesis | Pathway | WP5175 (WikiPathways) ![]() | |
MCT-1 | Protein | P53985 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | Gene: SLC16A1 |
MRC | Pathway | WP111 (WikiPathways) ![]() | MRC aka mitochondrial respiratory complex |
Mitochondrial LC-Fatty Acid Beta-Oxidation | Pathway | WP368 (WikiPathways) ![]() | |
OXCT1 | Protein | P55809 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | AKA succinyl-CoA-3-oxaloacid CoA transferase (SCOT) |
Oxaloacetate | Metabolite | CHEBI:30744 (ChEBI) ![]() | |
TCA (Krebs) cycle | Pathway | WP78 (WikiPathways) ![]() | |
TCA (Krebs)cycle | Pathway | WP78 (WikiPathways) ![]() | |
UCP2 | Protein | P55851 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | Mitochondrial transporter proteins which creates proton leaks across the inner mitochondrial membrane, allowing uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation from ATP synthesis. As a result, energy is dissipated in the form of heat. Source [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P55851] |
acetone | Metabolite | CHEBI:15347 (ChEBI) ![]() | |
glucose | Metabolite | CHEBI:17234 (ChEBI) ![]() | |
pyruvate | Metabolite | CHEBI:15361 (ChEBI) ![]() |
Annotated Interactions
No annotated interactions