Breast cancer pathway (Homo sapiens)
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Description
The molecular subtypes of breast cancer, which are based on the presence or absence of hormone receptors (estrogen and progesterone subtypes) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), include:
- Luminal A subtype: Hormone receptor positive (progesterone and estrogen) and HER2 (ERBB2) negative
- Luminal B subtype: Hormone receptor positive (progesterone and estrogen) and HER2 (ERBB2) positive
- HER2 positive: Hormone receptor negative (progesterone and estrogen) and HER2 (ERBB2) positive
- Basal-like or triple-negative (TNBCs): Hormone receptor negative (progesterone and estrogen) and HER2 (ERBB2) negative
Hormone receptor positive breast cancers are largely driven by the estrogen/ER pathway. In HER2 positive breast tumors, HER2 activates the PI3K/AKT and the RAS/RAF/MAPK pathways, and stimulate cell growth, survival and differentiation. In patients suffering from TNBC, the deregulation of various signaling pathways (Notch and Wnt/beta-catenin), EGFR protein have been confirmed. In the case of breast cancer only 8% of all cancers are hereditary, a phenomenon linked to genetic changes in BRCA1 or BRCA2. Somatic mutations in only three genes (TP53, PIK3CA and GATA3) occurred at >10% incidence across all breast cancers.
This pathway is part the CPTAC Assay Portal.Quality Tags
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Bibliography
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