Processing of Capped Intronless Pre-mRNA (Homo sapiens)

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Co-transcriptional pre-mRNA splicing is not obligatory. Pre-mRNA splicing begins co-transcriptionally and often continues post-transcriptionally. Human genes contain an average of nine introns per gene, which cannot serve as splicing substrates until both 5' and 3' ends of each intron are synthesized. Thus the time that it takes for pol II to synthesize each intron defines a minimal time and distance along the gene in which splicing factors can be recruited. The time that it takes for pol II to reach the end of the gene defines the maximal time in which splicing could occur co-transcriptionally. Thus, the kinetics of transcription can affect the kinetics of splicing.
There are two classes of intronless pre-mRNAs (mRNAs expressed from genes that lack introns). The first class encodes the replication dependent histone mRNAs. These mRNAs have unique 3' ends that do not have a polyA tail. The replication dependent histone mRNAs in all metazoans, as well as Chlamydomonas and Volvox fall into this class.

The second class of mRNAs end in polyA tails, which are formed by a mechanism similar to that which poly-adenylate pre-mRNAs containing introns. In the intronless genes there is a different method of replacing the 3' splice site that activates polyadenylation.</div>

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1. Schönemann L, Kühn U, Martin G, Schäfer P, Gruber AR, Keller W, Zavolan M, Wahle E.; ''Reconstitution of CPSF active in polyadenylation: recognition of the polyadenylation signal by WDR33.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
2. Yao C, Choi EA, Weng L, Xie X, Wan J, Xing Y, Moresco JJ, Tu PG, Yates JR, Shi Y.; ''Overlapping and distinct functions of CstF64 and CstF64τ in mammalian mRNA 3' processing.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
3. Takagaki Y, Manley JL.; ''Complex protein interactions within the human polyadenylation machinery identify a novel component.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
4. Shi Y, Di Giammartino DC, Taylor D, Sarkeshik A, Rice WJ, Yates JR, Frank J, Manley JL.; ''Molecular architecture of the human pre-mRNA 3' processing complex.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
5. Martin F, Schaller A, Eglite S, Schümperli D, Müller B.; ''The gene for histone RNA hairpin binding protein is located on human chromosome 4 and encodes a novel type of RNA binding protein.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
6. Kaufmann I, Martin G, Friedlein A, Langen H, Keller W.; ''Human Fip1 is a subunit of CPSF that binds to U-rich RNA elements and stimulates poly(A) polymerase.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia

History

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Compare	Revision	Action	Time	User	Comment
	114657	view	16:12, 25 January 2021	ReactomeTeam	Reactome version 75
	113105	view	11:16, 2 November 2020	ReactomeTeam	Reactome version 74
	112339	view	15:26, 9 October 2020	ReactomeTeam	Reactome version 73
	101239	view	11:13, 1 November 2018	ReactomeTeam	reactome version 66
	100778	view	20:40, 31 October 2018	ReactomeTeam	reactome version 65
	100321	view	19:17, 31 October 2018	ReactomeTeam	reactome version 64
	99866	view	16:00, 31 October 2018	ReactomeTeam	reactome version 63
	99423	view	14:36, 31 October 2018	ReactomeTeam	reactome version 62 (2nd attempt)
	99106	view	12:39, 31 October 2018	ReactomeTeam	reactome version 62
	93946	view	13:46, 16 August 2017	ReactomeTeam	reactome version 61
	93539	view	11:26, 9 August 2017	ReactomeTeam	reactome version 61
	88116	view	10:07, 26 July 2016	Ryanmiller	Ontology Term : 'regulatory pathway' added !
	86637	view	09:22, 11 July 2016	ReactomeTeam	reactome version 56
	83073	view	09:53, 18 November 2015	ReactomeTeam	Version54
	81390	view	12:55, 21 August 2015	ReactomeTeam	Version53
	76858	view	08:13, 17 July 2014	ReactomeTeam	Fixed remaining interactions
	76563	view	11:54, 16 July 2014	ReactomeTeam	Fixed remaining interactions
	75896	view	09:55, 11 June 2014	ReactomeTeam	Re-fixing comment source
	75596	view	10:44, 10 June 2014	ReactomeTeam	Reactome 48 Update
	74951	view	13:47, 8 May 2014	Anwesha	Fixing comment source for displaying WikiPathways description
	74595	view	08:38, 30 April 2014	ReactomeTeam	Reactome46
	42106	view	21:57, 4 March 2011	MaintBot	Automatic update
	39916	view	05:56, 21 January 2011	MaintBot	New pathway

External references

DataNodes

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Name	Type	Database reference	Comment
ATP	Metabolite	15422 (ChEBI)
CF I	Complex	REACT_4896 (Reactome)
CF II	Complex	REACT_3772 (Reactome)
CPSF	Complex	REACT_4530 (Reactome)
CPSF:capped intronless pre- mRNA:CBC complex	Complex	REACT_3837 (Reactome)
Capped Intronless Histone pre-mRNA: CBC complex	Complex	REACT_3840 (Reactome)
Capped Intronless Histone pre-mRNA: CBC:ZFP100 Complex	Complex	REACT_5338 (Reactome)
Capped Intronless Histone pre-mRNA: CBP80:CBP20:SLBP	Complex	REACT_3458 (Reactome)
Capped Intronless Histone pre-mRNA: CBP80:CBP20:SLBP: ZFP100 Complex	Complex	REACT_3667 (Reactome)
CstF	Complex	REACT_3503 (Reactome)
CstF:CPSF:capped intronless pre- mRNA:CBC complex	Complex	REACT_3025 (Reactome)
Histone RNA hairpin-binding protein	Protein	Q14493 (UniProt)
Mature Intronless transcript derived Histone mRNA:SLBP: CBP80:CBP20	Complex	REACT_3802 (Reactome)
Mature intronless derived mRNA complex	Complex	REACT_4047 (Reactome)
Mature intronless transcript derived Histone pre-mRNA: CBC complex	Complex	REACT_5592 (Reactome)
PABPN1	Protein	Q86U42 (UniProt)
Poly(A) polymerase alpha	Protein	P51003 (UniProt)
U7 snRNP:ZFP100 Complex	Complex	REACT_5001 (Reactome)
capped intronless pre-mRNA:CBC complex	Complex	REACT_3948 (Reactome)
downstream intronless mRNA fragment	Unknown	REACT_3064 (Reactome)
intronless pre-mRNA cleavage complex	Complex	REACT_3895 (Reactome)
upstream mRNA fragment:CPSF:PAP: PABPN1 complex	Complex	REACT_3436 (Reactome)

Annotated Interactions

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