Signal regulatory protein family interactions (Homo sapiens)
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Description
Signal regulatory protein (SIRP)alpha, also known as SHPS-1 or SIRPA or CD172a, is a transmembrane protein expressed mostly on myeloid cells. CD47, a widely expressed transmembrane protein, is a ligand for SIRP alpha, with the two proteins constituting a cell-cell communication system. The interaction of SIRP alpha with CD47 is important for the regulation of migration and phagocytosis. SIRP alpha functions as a docking protein to recruit and activate SHP-1 or SHP-2 at the cell membrane in response to extracellular stimuli. SIRP alpha also binds other intracellular proteins including the adaptor molecules Src kinase-associated protein (SKAP2 SKAP55hom/R), Fyn-binding protein/SLP-76-associated phosphoprotein (FYB/SLAP-130) and the tyrosine kinase PYK2. SIRP alpha also binds the extracellular proteins, surfactant-A (SP-A) and surfactant-D (SP-D).
In addition to SIRP alpha there are two closely related proteins in the SIRP family namely SIRP beta and SIRP gamma. These three family proteins show high sequence similarity and similar extracellular structural topology, including three Ig domains, but their ligand binding topology might differ. SIRP beta is expressed on myeloid cells, including monocytes, granulocytes and DCs. A natural ligand for SIRP beta remains unknown; SIRP gamma can bind to CD47 but the binding affinity is lower than that of SIRP alpha.
In addition to SIRP alpha there are two closely related proteins in the SIRP family namely SIRP beta and SIRP gamma. These three family proteins show high sequence similarity and similar extracellular structural topology, including three Ig domains, but their ligand binding topology might differ. SIRP beta is expressed on myeloid cells, including monocytes, granulocytes and DCs. A natural ligand for SIRP beta remains unknown; SIRP gamma can bind to CD47 but the binding affinity is lower than that of SIRP alpha.
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Bibliography
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- Brooke G, Holbrook JD, Brown MH, Barclay AN.; ''Human lymphocytes interact directly with CD47 through a novel member of the signal regulatory protein (SIRP) family.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Hatherley D, Graham SC, Harlos K, Stuart DI, Barclay AN.; ''Structure of signal-regulatory protein alpha: a link to antigen receptor evolution.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Kharitonenkov A, Chen Z, Sures I, Wang H, Schilling J, Ullrich A.; ''A family of proteins that inhibit signalling through tyrosine kinase receptors.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Matozaki T, Murata Y, Okazawa H, Ohnishi H.; ''Functions and molecular mechanisms of the CD47-SIRPalpha signalling pathway.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Hatherley D, Graham SC, Turner J, Harlos K, Stuart DI, Barclay AN.; ''Paired receptor specificity explained by structures of signal regulatory proteins alone and complexed with CD47.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Kishore U, Greenhough TJ, Waters P, Shrive AK, Ghai R, Kamran MF, Bernal AL, Reid KB, Madan T, Chakraborty T.; ''Surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-D: structure, function and receptors.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Gardai SJ, Xiao YQ, Dickinson M, Nick JA, Voelker DR, Greene KE, Henson PM.; ''By binding SIRPalpha or calreticulin/CD91, lung collectins act as dual function surveillance molecules to suppress or enhance inflammation.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Tomasello E, Cant C, Bühring HJ, Vély F, André P, Seiffert M, Ullrich A, Vivier E.; ''Association of signal-regulatory proteins beta with KARAP/DAP-12.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Timms JF, Swanson KD, Marie-Cardine A, Raab M, Rudd CE, Schraven B, Neel BG.; ''SHPS-1 is a scaffold for assembling distinct adhesion-regulated multi-protein complexes in macrophages.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Liu Y, Bühring HJ, Zen K, Burst SL, Schnell FJ, Williams IR, Parkos CA.; ''Signal regulatory protein (SIRPalpha), a cellular ligand for CD47, regulates neutrophil transmigration.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Piccio L, Vermi W, Boles KS, Fuchs A, Strader CA, Facchetti F, Cella M, Colonna M.; ''Adhesion of human T cells to antigen-presenting cells through SIRPbeta2-CD47 interaction costimulates T-cell proliferation.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Barclay AN, Brown MH.; ''The SIRP family of receptors and immune regulation.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Seiffert M, Cant C, Chen Z, Rappold I, Brugger W, Kanz L, Brown EJ, Ullrich A, Bühring HJ.; ''Human signal-regulatory protein is expressed on normal, but not on subsets of leukemic myeloid cells and mediates cellular adhesion involving its counterreceptor CD47.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Hatherley D, Harlos K, Dunlop DC, Stuart DI, Barclay AN.; ''The structure of the macrophage signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha) inhibitory receptor reveals a binding face reminiscent of that used by T cell receptors.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- van den Berg TK, van Beek EM, Bühring HJ, Colonna M, Hamaguchi M, Howard CJ, Kasuga M, Liu Y, Matozaki T, Neel BG, Parkos CA, Sano S, Vignery A, Vivier E, Wright M, Zawatzky R, Barclay AN.; ''A nomenclature for signal regulatory protein family members.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Oshima K, Ruhul Amin AR, Suzuki A, Hamaguchi M, Matsuda S.; ''SHPS-1, a multifunctional transmembrane glycoprotein.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Liu Y, Tong Q, Zhou Y, Lee HW, Yang JJ, Bühring HJ, Chen YT, Ha B, Chen CX, Yang Y, Zen K.; ''Functional elements on SIRPalpha IgV domain mediate cell surface binding to CD47.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Dietrich J, Cella M, Seiffert M, Bühring HJ, Colonna M.; ''Cutting edge: signal-regulatory protein beta 1 is a DAP12-associated activating receptor expressed in myeloid cells.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
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External references
DataNodes
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Name | Type | Database reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
ADAP | Protein | O15117 (UniProt) | |
ADP | Metabolite | 16761 (ChEBI) | |
ATP | Metabolite | 15422 (ChEBI) | |
CD47 | Protein | Q08722 (UniProt) | |
DAP12 | Protein | O43914 (UniProt) | |
GRB2 | Protein | P62993-1 (UniProt) | |
Protein tyrosine
kinase 2 beta (PYK2) | Protein | Q14289 (UniProt) | |
Pulmonory surfactant
proteins A and D | Unknown | REACT_24725 (Reactome) | |
SHP-2/SHP-1 | Protein | REACT_20250 (Reactome) | |
SHP2/SHP1:pSIRP
alpha:CD47 | Complex | REACT_24824 (Reactome) | |
SIRP alpha | Protein | P78324-1 (UniProt) | |
SIRP alpha:CD47 | Complex | REACT_24285 (Reactome) | |
SIRP alpha:SP-A/SP-
D | Complex | REACT_24481 (Reactome) | |
SIRP beta | Protein | O00241 (UniProt) | |
SIRP beta1:DAP12 | Complex | REACT_24726 (Reactome) | |
SIRP gamma | Protein | Q9P1W8 (UniProt) | |
SIRP gamma:CD47 | Complex | REACT_24053 (Reactome) | |
Src kinase-
associated phosphoprotein 2 (SCAP2) | Protein | O75563 (UniProt) | |
Src kinases
Src/FADK1 | Protein | REACT_24388 (Reactome) | |
pSIRP alpha:CD47 | Complex | REACT_24659 (Reactome) | |
pSIRP alpha:CD47:
SCAP2 | Complex | REACT_24452 (Reactome) | |
pSIRP alpha:CD47:
SCAP2:FYB | Complex | REACT_24378 (Reactome) | |
pSIRP-A:Grb2 | Complex | REACT_24616 (Reactome) | |
pSIRP-A:PYK2 | Complex | REACT_24348 (Reactome) |
Annotated Interactions
No annotated interactions