Metabolism of non-coding RNA (Homo sapiens)
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Description
The term non-coding is commonly employed for RNA that does not encode a protein, but this does not mean that such RNAs do not contain information nor have function. There is considerable evidence that the majority of mammalian and other complex organism's genomes is transcribed into non-coding RNAs, many of which are alternatively spliced and/or processed into smaller products. Around 98% of all transcriptional output in humans is non-coding RNA. RNA-mediated gene regulation is widespread in higher eukaryotes and complex genetic phenomena like RNA interference are mediated by such RNAs. These non-coding RNAs are a growing list and include rRNAs, tRNAs, snRNAs, snoRNAs siRNAs, 7SL RNA, 7SK RNA, the RNA component of RNase P RNA, the RNA component of RNase MRP, and the RNA component of telomerase.
Original Pathway at Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/PathwayBrowser/#DB=gk_current&FOCUS_SPECIES_ID=48887&FOCUS_PATHWAY_ID=194441
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Annotated Interactions
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| Source | Target | Type | Database reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2xMe-SNRPD3 | REACT_10041 (Reactome)  | |||
| AdoMet | REACT_10041 (Reactome) | |||
| Cap Binding Complex | Arrow | REACT_10069 (Reactome) | ||
| Methylosome | REACT_10041 (Reactome) | |||
| Nuclear Pore Complex | Arrow | REACT_10010 (Reactome) | ||
| Nuclear Pore Complex | Arrow | REACT_10069 (Reactome) | ||
| PHAX | Arrow | REACT_10069 (Reactome) | ||
| REACT_10002 (Reactome) | The snRNA:SMN:SM protein complex is engaged by a hypermethylase that hypermethylates the snRNA cap from m7G (7-methylguanosine) to m3G (2,2,7-trimethylguanosine). | |||
| REACT_10010 (Reactome) | A properly assembled Sm core and the m3G cap structure are prerequisites for small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) import into the nucleus. Once imported into the nucleus, the snRNPs are initially concentrated in Cajal bodies (CBs), where there is further processing of the snRNAs plus binding of additional proteins, from CRBs they transit to "speckles", from where they are engaged for pre-mRNA splicing. The SMN complexes in the nucleus are found throughout the nucleoplasm but are particularly concentrated in Gems, the "twins" of the snRNP-rich CBs. | |||
| REACT_10041 (Reactome) | The survival of motor neurons (SMN) complex binds to Sm proteins and small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) in the cytoplasm. Sm is part the SMN multiprotein complex that contains Gemins 2 – 7, including the DEAD-box RNA helicase Gemin3. The binding of the SMN complex to the snRNAs depends on the presence of specific, high-affinity (nanomolar) binding domains in the snRNAs. The SMN complex binds the Sm proteins through the Sm domains interaction with the Gemins, the TUDOR domain, and through unique arginine- and glycine-rich (RG) domains found in three of these, SmB, SmD1 and SmD3. The association with RG domains is strongly enhanced by the post-translational symmetric dimethylation of specific arginines in these domains, a process that is carried out by the methylosome (JBP1 or PRMT5) complex. | |||
| REACT_10069 (Reactome) | The snRNAs, except U6 snRNA, are transcribed by RNA polymerase II, co-transcriptionally capped and exported rapidly to the cytoplasm in association with a cap-binding complex and the export factor PHAX. | |||
| REACT_9946 (Reactome) | The nuclear import signal has two parts; Cap hypermethylation triggers nuclear import via snurportin1 binding and by receptor recognition of the Sm proteins. Snurportin1 (SPN) is an adaptor that links the assembled snRNP to the nuclear transport machinery, recruiting importin beta for nuclear import. The import receptor that recognizes the Sm proteins is not yet known. | |||
| REACT_9957 (Reactome) | To facilitate snRNP assembly, the SMN complex must bring together the Sm proteins and an Sm-site-containing snRNA. The SMN:Sm protein complex binds to the m7G capped snRNAs in the cytoplasm. | |||
| SMN SM protein complex | REACT_9957 (Reactome) | |||
| SMN complex | Arrow | REACT_10010 (Reactome) | ||
| SMN complex | REACT_10041 (Reactome) | |||
| SNRPB | REACT_10041 (Reactome) | |||
| SNRPD1 | REACT_10041 (Reactome) | |||
| SNRPD2 | REACT_10041 (Reactome) | |||
| SNRPE | REACT_10041 (Reactome) | |||
| SNRPF | REACT_10041 (Reactome) | |||
| SNRPG | REACT_10041 (Reactome) | |||
| SNUPN | Arrow | REACT_10010 (Reactome) | ||
| SNUPN | REACT_9946 (Reactome) | |||
| Spliceosomal m3G capped snRNA loaded with the SM complex | Arrow | REACT_10010 (Reactome) | ||
| Spliceosomal m3G capped snRNAs with SMN SM protein complex bound | REACT_9946 (Reactome) | |||
| TGS1 | REACT_10002 (Reactome) | |||
| m7G capped Spliceosomal snRNA | Arrow | REACT_10069 (Reactome) | ||
| m7G capped Spliceosomal snRNA | REACT_9957 (Reactome) |
