Metabolism of non-coding RNA (Homo sapiens)
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Description
The term non-coding is commonly employed for RNA that does not encode a protein, but this does not mean that such RNAs do not contain information nor have function. There is considerable evidence that the majority of mammalian and other complex organism's genomes is transcribed into non-coding RNAs, many of which are alternatively spliced and/or processed into smaller products. Around 98% of all transcriptional output in humans is non-coding RNA. RNA-mediated gene regulation is widespread in higher eukaryotes and complex genetic phenomena like RNA interference are mediated by such RNAs. These non-coding RNAs are a growing list and include rRNAs, tRNAs, snRNAs, snoRNAs siRNAs, 7SL RNA, 7SK RNA, the RNA component of RNase P RNA, the RNA component of RNase MRP, and the RNA component of telomerase.Original Pathway at Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/PathwayBrowser/#DB=gk_current&FOCUS_SPECIES_ID=48887&FOCUS_PATHWAY_ID=194441
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Bibliography
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- Pellizzoni L, Kataoka N, Charroux B, Dreyfuss G.; ''A novel function for SMN, the spinal muscular atrophy disease gene product, in pre-mRNA splicing.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Rabut G, Doye V, Ellenberg J.; ''Mapping the dynamic organization of the nuclear pore complex inside single living cells.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Kabachinski G, Schwartz TU.; ''The nuclear pore complex--structure and function at a glance.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Cronshaw JM, Krutchinsky AN, Zhang W, Chait BT, Matunis MJ.; ''Proteomic analysis of the mammalian nuclear pore complex.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Carissimi C, Saieva L, Gabanella F, Pellizzoni L.; ''Gemin8 is required for the architecture and function of the survival motor neuron complex.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Sleeman JE, Lamond AI.; ''Newly assembled snRNPs associate with coiled bodies before speckles, suggesting a nuclear snRNP maturation pathway.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Kosinski J, Mosalaganti S, von Appen A, Teimer R, DiGuilio AL, Wan W, Bui KH, Hagen WJ, Briggs JA, Glavy JS, Hurt E, Beck M.; ''Molecular architecture of the inner ring scaffold of the human nuclear pore complex.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Fontoura BM, Blobel G, Matunis MJ.; ''A conserved biogenesis pathway for nucleoporins: proteolytic processing of a 186-kilodalton precursor generates Nup98 and the novel nucleoporin, Nup96.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Pellizzoni L, Baccon J, Rappsilber J, Mann M, Dreyfuss G.; ''Purification of native survival of motor neurons complexes and identification of Gemin6 as a novel component.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Brahms H, Meheus L, de Brabandere V, Fischer U, Lührmann R.; ''Symmetrical dimethylation of arginine residues in spliceosomal Sm protein B/B' and the Sm-like protein LSm4, and their interaction with the SMN protein.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Ori A, Banterle N, Iskar M, Iskar M, Andrés-Pons A, Escher C, Khanh Bui H, Sparks L, Solis-Mezarino V, Rinner O, Bork P, Lemke EA, Beck M.; ''Cell type-specific nuclear pores: a case in point for context-dependent stoichiometry of molecular machines.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Plessel G, Fischer U, Lührmann R.; ''m3G cap hypermethylation of U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) in vitro: evidence that the U1 small nuclear RNA-(guanosine-N2)-methyltransferase is a non-snRNP cytoplasmic protein that requires a binding site on the Sm core domain.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Segref A, Mattaj IW, Ohno M.; ''The evolutionarily conserved region of the U snRNA export mediator PHAX is a novel RNA-binding domain that is essential for U snRNA export.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Neuenkirchen N, Englbrecht C, Ohmer J, Ziegenhals T, Chari A, Fischer U.; ''Reconstitution of the human U snRNP assembly machinery reveals stepwise Sm protein organization.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Lin DH, Stuwe T, Schilbach S, Rundlet EJ, Perriches T, Mobbs G, Fan Y, Thierbach K, Huber FM, Collins LN, Davenport AM, Jeon YE, Hoelz A.; ''Architecture of the symmetric core of the nuclear pore.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Charroux B, Pellizzoni L, Perkinson RA, Shevchenko A, Mann M, Dreyfuss G.; ''Gemin3: A novel DEAD box protein that interacts with SMN, the spinal muscular atrophy gene product, and is a component of gems.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Suntharalingam M, Wente SR.; ''Peering through the pore: nuclear pore complex structure, assembly, and function.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Mouaikel J, Narayanan U, Verheggen C, Matera AG, Bertrand E, Tazi J, Bordonné R.; ''Interaction between the small-nuclear-RNA cap hypermethylase and the spinal muscular atrophy protein, survival of motor neuron.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Narayanan U, Ospina JK, Frey MR, Hebert MD, Matera AG.; ''SMN, the spinal muscular atrophy protein, forms a pre-import snRNP complex with snurportin1 and importin beta.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Baccon J, Pellizzoni L, Rappsilber J, Mann M, Dreyfuss G.; ''Identification and characterization of Gemin7, a novel component of the survival of motor neuron complex.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Charroux B, Pellizzoni L, Perkinson RA, Yong J, Shevchenko A, Mann M, Dreyfuss G.; ''Gemin4. A novel component of the SMN complex that is found in both gems and nucleoli.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Friesen WJ, Dreyfuss G.; ''Specific sequences of the Sm and Sm-like (Lsm) proteins mediate their interaction with the spinal muscular atrophy disease gene product (SMN).''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Meister G, Eggert C, Fischer U.; ''SMN-mediated assembly of RNPs: a complex story.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Gubitz AK, Mourelatos Z, Abel L, Rappsilber J, Mann M, Dreyfuss G.; ''Gemin5, a novel WD repeat protein component of the SMN complex that binds Sm proteins.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Bühler D, Raker V, Lührmann R, Fischer U.; ''Essential role for the tudor domain of SMN in spliceosomal U snRNP assembly: implications for spinal muscular atrophy.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
History
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External references
DataNodes
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Name | Type | Database reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
2xMe-SNRPB [nucleoplasm] | Protein | P14678 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
2xMe-SNRPB [cytosol] | Protein | P14678 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
2xMe-SNRPD1 [cytosol] | Protein | P62314 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
2xMe-SNRPD1 [nucleoplasm] | Protein | P62314 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
2xMe-SNRPD3 [cytosol] | Protein | P62318 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
2xMe-SNRPD3 [nucleoplasm] | Protein | P62318 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
2xMe-SNRPD3 | Protein | P62318 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
3-methylguanosine cap [cytosol] | Metabolite | CHEBI:1604 (ChEBI) | |
3-methylguanosine cap [nucleoplasm] | Metabolite | CHEBI:1604 (ChEBI) | |
7-methylguanosine cap [cytosol] | Metabolite | CHEBI:2274 (ChEBI) | |
7-methylguanosine cap [nucleoplasm] | Metabolite | CHEBI:17825 (ChEBI) | |
AAAS [nuclear envelope] | Protein | Q9NRG9 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
AdoMet | Metabolite | CHEBI:15414 (ChEBI) | |
CLNS1A [cytosol] | Protein | P54105 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
Cap Binding Complex (CBC) | Complex | REACT_3506 (Reactome) | |
DDX20 [cytosol] | Protein | Q9UHI6 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
DDX20 [nucleoplasm] | Protein | Q9UHI6 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
GEMIN2 [cytosol] | Protein | O14893 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
GEMIN2 [nucleoplasm] | Protein | O14893 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
GEMIN4 [cytosol] | Protein | P57678 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
GEMIN4 [nucleoplasm] | Protein | P57678 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
GEMIN5 [cytosol] | Protein | Q8TEQ6 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
GEMIN5 [nucleoplasm] | Protein | Q8TEQ6 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
GEMIN6 [cytosol] | Protein | Q8WXD5 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
GEMIN6 [nucleoplasm] | Protein | Q8WXD5 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
GEMIN7 [cytosol] | Protein | Q9H840 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
GEMIN7 [nucleoplasm] | Protein | Q9H840 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
Methylosome | Complex | REACT_10865 (Reactome) | |
NCBP1 [cytosol] | Protein | Q09161 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
NCBP1 [nucleoplasm] | Protein | Q09161 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
NCBP2 [cytosol] | Protein | P52298 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
NCBP2 [nucleoplasm] | Protein | P52298 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
NUP107 [nuclear envelope] | Protein | P57740 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
NUP133 [nuclear envelope] | Protein | Q8WUM0 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
NUP153 [nucleoplasm] | Protein | P49790 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
NUP155 [nuclear envelope] | Protein | O75694 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
NUP160 [nuclear envelope] | Protein | Q12769 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
NUP188(2-1749) [nuclear envelope] | Protein | Q5SRE5 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
NUP205(2-2012) [nuclear envelope] | Protein | Q92621 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
NUP210 [nuclear envelope] | Protein | Q8TEM1 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
NUP214 [cytosol] | Protein | P35658 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
NUP35 [nuclear envelope] | Protein | Q8NFH5 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
NUP37 [nuclear envelope] | Protein | Q8NFH4 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
NUP43 [nuclear envelope] | Protein | Q8NFH3 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
NUP50 [nucleoplasm] | Protein | Q9UKX7 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
NUP54 [nuclear envelope] | Protein | Q7Z3B4 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
NUP62 [nuclear envelope] | Protein | P37198 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
NUP85 [nuclear envelope] | Protein | Q9BW27 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
NUP88 [cytosol] | Protein | Q99567 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
NUP93 [nuclear envelope] | Protein | Q8N1F7 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
NUP98-5 [nuclear envelope] | Protein | P52948-5 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
NUPL1-2 [nuclear envelope] | Protein | Q9BVL2-1 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
NUPL2 [cytosol] | Protein | O15504 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
Nuclear Pore Complex (NPC) | Complex | REACT_5542 (Reactome) | |
Nup45 [nuclear envelope] | Protein | Q9BVL2-2 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
PHAX(1-394) [nucleoplasm] | Protein | Q9H814 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
PHAX(1-394) | Protein | Q9H814 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
POM121 [nuclear envelope] | Protein | Q96HA1 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
PRMT5(1-637) [cytosol] | Protein | O14744 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
RAE1 [nuclear envelope] | Protein | P78406 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
RANBP2 [cytosol] | Protein | P49792 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
SEH1L-2 [nuclear envelope] | Protein | Q96EE3-2 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
SMN complex | Complex | REACT_10606 (Reactome) | |
SMN complex | Complex | REACT_10714 (Reactome) | |
SMN1 [cytosol] | Protein | Q16637 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
SMN1 [nucleoplasm] | Protein | Q16637 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
SMN:SM protein complex | Complex | REACT_10415 (Reactome) | |
SNRPB | Protein | P14678 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
SNRPD1 | Protein | P62314 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
SNRPD2 [cytosol] | Protein | P62316 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
SNRPD2 [nucleoplasm] | Protein | P62316 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
SNRPD2 | Protein | P62316 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
SNRPE [cytosol] | Protein | P62304 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
SNRPE [nucleoplasm] | Protein | P62304 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
SNRPE | Protein | P62304 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
SNRPF [cytosol] | Protein | P62306 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
SNRPF [nucleoplasm] | Protein | P62306 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
SNRPF | Protein | P62306 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
SNRPG [cytosol] | Protein | P62308 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
SNRPG [nucleoplasm] | Protein | P62308 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
SNRPG | Protein | P62308 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
SNUPN [cytosol] | Protein | O95149 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
SNUPN | Protein | O95149 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
Spliceosomal m3G
capped snRNA:SMN:SM:Snurportin complex | Complex | REACT_10792 (Reactome) | |
Spliceosomal m3G
capped snRNA loaded with the SM complex | Complex | REACT_10264 (Reactome) | |
Spliceosomal m3G
capped snRNAs with SMN:SM protein complex bound | Complex | REACT_10845 (Reactome) | |
Spliceosomal m7G
capped snRNAs with SMN:SM protein complex bound | Complex | REACT_10860 (Reactome) | |
TGS1 | Protein | Q96RS0 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
TPR [nucleoplasm] | Protein | P12270 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
U1 snRNA [nucleoplasm] | Protein | V00590 (EMBL) | |
U1 snRNA [cytosol] | Protein | V00590 (EMBL) | |
U2 snRNA [nucleoplasm] | Protein | X59360 (EMBL) | |
U2 snRNA [cytosol] | Protein | X59360 (EMBL) | |
U4 snRNA [nucleoplasm] | Protein | X59361 (EMBL) | |
U4 snRNA [cytosol] | Protein | X59361 (EMBL) | |
U5 snRNA [nucleoplasm] | Protein | X04293 (EMBL) | |
U5 snRNA [cytosol] | Protein | X04293 (EMBL) | |
U6 snRNA [nucleoplasm] | Protein | X59362 (EMBL) | |
U6 snRNA [cytosol] | Protein | X59362 (EMBL) | |
WDR77 [cytosol] | Protein | Q9BQA1 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
m7G capped Spliceosomal snRNA | Complex | REACT_10232 (Reactome) | |
m7G capped
snRNA:CBC:PHAX complex | Complex | REACT_10849 (Reactome) |
Annotated Interactions
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Source | Target | Type | Database reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
2xMe-SNRPD3 | REACT_10041 (Reactome) | |||
AdoMet | REACT_10041 (Reactome) | |||
Cap Binding Complex (CBC) | Arrow | REACT_10069 (Reactome) | ||
Methylosome | mim-catalysis | REACT_10041 (Reactome) | ||
Nuclear Pore Complex (NPC) | Arrow | REACT_10010 (Reactome) | ||
Nuclear Pore Complex (NPC) | Arrow | REACT_10069 (Reactome) | ||
PHAX(1-394) | Arrow | REACT_10069 (Reactome) | ||
REACT_10002 (Reactome) | The snRNA:SMN:SM protein complex is engaged by a hypermethylase that hypermethylates the snRNA cap from m7G (7-methylguanosine) to m3G (2,2,7-trimethylguanosine). | |||
REACT_10010 (Reactome) | A properly assembled Sm core and the m3G cap structure are prerequisites for small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) import into the nucleus. Once imported into the nucleus, the snRNPs are initially concentrated in Cajal bodies (CBs), where there is further processing of the snRNAs plus binding of additional proteins, from CRBs they transit to "speckles", from where they are engaged for pre-mRNA splicing. The SMN complexes in the nucleus are found throughout the nucleoplasm but are particularly concentrated in Gems, the "twins" of the snRNP-rich CBs. | |||
REACT_10041 (Reactome) | The survival of motor neurons (SMN) complex binds to Sm proteins and small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) in the cytoplasm. Sm is part the SMN multiprotein complex that contains Gemins 2 – 7, including the DEAD-box RNA helicase Gemin3. The binding of the SMN complex to the snRNAs depends on the presence of specific, high-affinity (nanomolar) binding domains in the snRNAs. The SMN complex binds the Sm proteins through the Sm domains interaction with the Gemins, the TUDOR domain, and through unique arginine- and glycine-rich (RG) domains found in three of these, SmB, SmD1 and SmD3. The association with RG domains is strongly enhanced by the post-translational symmetric dimethylation of specific arginines in these domains, a process that is carried out by the methylosome (JBP1 or PRMT5) complex. | |||
REACT_10069 (Reactome) | The snRNAs, except U6 snRNA, are transcribed by RNA polymerase II, co-transcriptionally capped and exported rapidly to the cytoplasm in association with a cap-binding complex and the export factor PHAX. | |||
REACT_9946 (Reactome) | The nuclear import signal has two parts; Cap hypermethylation triggers nuclear import via snurportin1 binding and by receptor recognition of the Sm proteins. Snurportin1 (SPN) is an adaptor that links the assembled snRNP to the nuclear transport machinery, recruiting importin beta for nuclear import. The import receptor that recognizes the Sm proteins is not yet known. | |||
REACT_9957 (Reactome) | To facilitate snRNP assembly, the SMN complex must bring together the Sm proteins and an Sm-site-containing snRNA. The SMN:Sm protein complex binds to the m7G capped snRNAs in the cytoplasm. | |||
SMN complex | Arrow | REACT_10010 (Reactome) | ||
SMN complex | REACT_10041 (Reactome) | |||
SMN:SM protein complex | Arrow | REACT_10041 (Reactome) | ||
SMN:SM protein complex | REACT_9957 (Reactome) | |||
SNRPB | REACT_10041 (Reactome) | |||
SNRPD1 | REACT_10041 (Reactome) | |||
SNRPD2 | REACT_10041 (Reactome) | |||
SNRPE | REACT_10041 (Reactome) | |||
SNRPF | REACT_10041 (Reactome) | |||
SNRPG | REACT_10041 (Reactome) | |||
SNUPN | Arrow | REACT_10010 (Reactome) | ||
SNUPN | REACT_9946 (Reactome) | |||
Spliceosomal m3G
capped snRNA:SMN:SM:Snurportin complex | Arrow | REACT_9946 (Reactome) | ||
Spliceosomal m3G
capped snRNA:SMN:SM:Snurportin complex | REACT_10010 (Reactome) | |||
Spliceosomal m3G
capped snRNA loaded with the SM complex | Arrow | REACT_10010 (Reactome) | ||
Spliceosomal m3G
capped snRNAs with SMN:SM protein complex bound | Arrow | REACT_10002 (Reactome) | ||
Spliceosomal m3G
capped snRNAs with SMN:SM protein complex bound | REACT_9946 (Reactome) | |||
Spliceosomal m7G
capped snRNAs with SMN:SM protein complex bound | Arrow | REACT_9957 (Reactome) | ||
Spliceosomal m7G
capped snRNAs with SMN:SM protein complex bound | REACT_10002 (Reactome) | |||
TGS1 | mim-catalysis | REACT_10002 (Reactome) | ||
m7G capped Spliceosomal snRNA | Arrow | REACT_10069 (Reactome) | ||
m7G capped Spliceosomal snRNA | REACT_9957 (Reactome) | |||
m7G capped
snRNA:CBC:PHAX complex | REACT_10069 (Reactome) |