Nicotine activity on chromaffin cells (Bos taurus)

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BloodstreamMembranedepolarizationVesicleChromaffin cellIncreased heart rateIncreased blood pressureRaise glucose levelEpinephrineCa++CACNA1GNa+CHRNA3K+NicotineCHRNB4EpinephrineCa++CACNA1CNa+K+


Description

Nicotine is an alkaloid found in tobacco plants. It is a substance that acts as a stimulant in humans and is one of the main factors responsible for tobacco dependence. When nicotine enters the body, it is distributed quickly through the bloodstream, and it can cross the blood-brain barrier to enter the central nervous system (CNS). It binds to two main types of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: the ganglion type and the CNS type.

In chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla, nicotine binds to the ganglion-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, which is composed of alpha 3 (CHRNA3) and beta 4 (CHRNB4) subunits. By binding to the receptors, nicotine causes cell depolarization and an influx of calcium through voltage dependent calcium channels. Calcium triggers the release of epinephrine from the chromaffin vesicles into the bloodstream, which leads to increased heart rate and blood pressure and elevation of blood glucose level.

Sources: PharmGKB:Nicotine in Chromaffin Cells, Wikipedia:Nicotine

Comments

HomologyConvert 
This pathway was inferred from Homo sapiens pathway WP1603(78574) with a 100.0% conversion rate.

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History

CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
117565view11:20, 21 May 2021EweitzModified title
105954view11:48, 16 August 2019MaintBotHMDB identifier normalization
80893view15:30, 30 June 2015MkutmonNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

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NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
CACNA1CGeneProductENSBTAG00000010660 (Ensembl) HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:775
CACNA1GGeneProductENSBTAG00000009835 (Ensembl) HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:8913
CHRNA3GeneProductENSBTAG00000003130 (Ensembl) HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:1136
CHRNB4GeneProductENSBTAG00000003132 (Ensembl) HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:1143
Ca++MetaboliteHMDB00464 (HMDB)
EpinephrineMetaboliteHMDB00068 (HMDB)
K+MetaboliteHMDB00586 (HMDB)
Na+MetaboliteHMDB00588 (HMDB)
NicotineMetaboliteHMDB01934 (HMDB)

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