Toll, IMD, JAK/STAT pathways for immune response to pathogens (Drosophila melanogaster)

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1VirusPhosphorylationUpregulation of Immune GenesUnpaired GeneEffector GenesPromote Ubiquitin BindingToll PathwayFungiYeastVirusCleavageDAP-Type PGN VirusIMD PathwayK-Type PGNJAK/STAT PathwayRelishspzProtein TollDifsphinx2Myd88STATProtein TubeCactusTRAF2PGRP-SDSPEspiritSocsCLIP-SPDreddPGRP-SCPIASGNBP2PelleimdTak1DorsalPolyubiquitin (Fragment)domeIkkyPGRP-LBGNBP3PGRP-SAPGRP-LEnecProtein pellinograssIkkBTab2JNKPhosphatepshFaddGNBP1sphinx1spz2JAKPGRP-LCspheroidePolyubiquitin (Fragment)domeJAKSTATPhosphatePhosphatePhosphateSTATSTATSTATSTATPolyubiquitin (Fragment)Polyubiquitin (Fragment)Polyubiquitin (Fragment)RelishEffeteBendlessUev1aIAP2Dorsal


Description

Yeast, fungi, virus, and lysine-type peptidoglycan (k-type PGN) signal proteins persephone (psh) and GRASS in the Toll Pathway. These proteins signal downstream to sphinx1/2, spheroide, and spirit which leads to activation of Spatzle (spz). Spz binds to Toll which activates death domain-containing molecules (MyD88, Tube, Pelle). Pellino ubiquinates Pelle which allows TRAF to activate DIF which activates Dorsal facilitated by the ubiquitination of cactus. Dorsal translocates to nucleus to upregulate immune genes. The IMD pathway is activated by mono-diaminopimelic acid-type peptidoglycans (DAP-type PGN) that starts a cascade of activation of Fadd, Dredd, Tak1/Tab2 coomplex and leads to the activation, translocation, and effector gene promotion of Relish. The JAK/STAT pathway is activated by Virus and unpaired gene particles binding to dome/JAK/STAT complex leading to the activation of the STAT complex which translocates to the nucleus to promote transcription of effector genes. This pathway was taken from Figure 2A of Severo et al.

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Bibliography

  1. Severo MS, Sakhon OS, Choy A, Stephens KD, Pedra JH; ''The 'ubiquitous' reality of vector immunology.''; Cell Microbiol, 2013 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia

History

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CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
116931view09:46, 16 May 2021EweitzModified title
92694view18:55, 28 June 2017Mkutmonfix invalid xrefs
92693view18:53, 28 June 2017Mkutmonfix invalid xrefs
90119view00:00, 14 October 2016Khanspersupdated states
90116view23:46, 13 October 2016KhanspersQuick edit to datanode annotation or property
90115view23:31, 13 October 2016KhanspersQuick edit to datanode annotation or property
88527view00:17, 11 August 2016AAR&CoFixed Label
88525view00:15, 11 August 2016AAR&CoFixed Data Nodes
88524view00:13, 11 August 2016AAR&CoPeriodical Save
88520view23:58, 10 August 2016AAR&CoAdded New data Nodes
88518view23:55, 10 August 2016AAR&CoAdded New Data Nodes
88517view23:54, 10 August 2016AAR&CoPeriodical save, work in progress
88514view23:51, 10 August 2016AAR&CoAdded New Data Nodes
88512view23:44, 10 August 2016AAR&CoPeriodical save, work in progress
88509view23:21, 10 August 2016AAR&CoPeriodical save, work in progress
88506view23:13, 10 August 2016AAR&CoFixed Labels
88505view23:07, 10 August 2016AAR&CoOntology Term : 'altered transcription pathway' added !
88502view23:00, 10 August 2016AAR&CoPeriodical save, work in progress
88501view22:59, 10 August 2016AAR&CoFixed Interactions
88499view22:58, 10 August 2016AAR&CoPeriodical Save
88497view22:56, 10 August 2016AAR&CoFixed Interactions
87799view11:20, 25 July 2016MirellaKalafatiOntology Term : 'signaling pathway' added !
87313view21:44, 20 July 2016AAR&CoAdded Interaction
87303view20:11, 20 July 2016AAR&CoModified description
87100view17:15, 18 July 2016AAR&CoFixed Unconnected Lines
87071view13:09, 18 July 2016AAR&CoModified description
86813view10:45, 11 July 2016AAR&CoModified description
86812view10:22, 11 July 2016AAR&CoModified description
86811view10:10, 11 July 2016AAR&CoModified description
86705view09:24, 11 July 2016AAR&CoNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

View all...
NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
BendlessGeneProductIdentifier Not Found
CLIP-SPGeneProduct322812216 (NCBI Protein)
CactusProteinM9PD95 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
DifGeneProductFBgn0011274 (Ensembl)
DorsalProteinC7LA93 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) Dorsal Not Specified
DreddGeneProductFBgn0020381 (Ensembl)
EffeteGeneProductIdentifier Not Found
FaddGeneProductFBgn0038928 (Ensembl)
GNBP1GeneProductFBgn0040323 (Ensembl)
GNBP2GeneProductFBgn0040322 (Ensembl)
GNBP3GeneProductFBgn0040321 (Ensembl)
IAP2GeneProductAGAP011326 (Ensembl)
IkkBGeneProduct386765870 (NCBI Protein)
IkkyGeneProductIdentifier Not Found
JAKGeneProduct24641273 (NCBI Protein)
JNKProteinP92208 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Myd88GeneProductFBgn0033402 (Ensembl)
PGRP-LBGeneProductFBgn0037906 (Ensembl)
PGRP-LCGeneProductFBgn0035976 (Ensembl)
PGRP-LEGeneProductFBgn0030695 (Ensembl)
PGRP-SAGeneProductFBgn0030310 (Ensembl)
PGRP-SCGeneProductFBgn0043576 (Ensembl) PGRP-SC Not Specified
PGRP-SDGeneProductFBgn0035806 (Ensembl)
PIASGeneProduct665399736 (NCBI Protein)
PelleProteinQ05652 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PhosphateMetaboliteHMDB01429 (HMDB)
Polyubiquitin (Fragment)ProteinH9BVD2 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Protein TollProteinP08953 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Protein TubeProteinP22812 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Protein pellinoProteinO77237 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RelishGeneProduct17137094 (NCBI Protein)
SPEGeneProductFBgn0039102 (Ensembl)
STATGeneProduct1145720 (NCBI Protein)
SocsGeneProductFBgn0030869 (Ensembl) Socs Not Specified
TRAF2GeneProduct4959430 (NCBI Protein)
Tab2GeneProductFBgn0086358 (Ensembl)
Tak1GeneProductFBgn0026323 (Ensembl)
Uev1aGeneProductIdentifier Not Found
domeGeneProductFBgn0043903 (Ensembl)
grassGeneProductFBgn0039494 (Ensembl)
imdGeneProductFBgn0013983 (Ensembl)
necGeneProductFBgn0002930 (Ensembl)
pshGeneProductFBgn0030926 (Ensembl)
spheroideGeneProductFBgn0030774 (Ensembl)
sphinx1GeneProductFBgn0052383 (Ensembl)
sphinx2GeneProductFBgn0052382 (Ensembl)
spiritGeneProductFBgn0030051 (Ensembl)
spz2GeneProduct442630245 (NCBI Protein)
spzGeneProductFBgn0003495 (Ensembl)

Annotated Interactions

No annotated interactions

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