Myometrial relaxation and contraction pathways (Bos taurus)
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Description
This pathway illustrates signaling networks implicated in uterine muscle contraction at labor and quiescence throughout gestation (pregnancy). The muscle of the uterus, responsible for contractile activity is the myometrium. Genes in this pathway are either transcribed in myometrial muscle cells or act upon the myometrium to regulate contraction. The left half of this pathway illustrates pathways of myometrial relaxation that are active throughout normal gestation. These signaling events act to suppress coordinated contractions to prevent the early onset of labor at term, largely via activation of the adenylyl-cyclase thrhough G-protein coupled receptors. On the right side of this pathway are signaling componets involved in the activation of uterine contractions at labor, in particular, activation of calcium mobilization via Oxytocin mediated binding to the Oxytocin G-protein coupled receptor. Additional genes implicated in this pathway, based on microarray expression profiling of gestation, term and postpartum of term mice are also included (e.g., Guca2b, Rdc1, Edg2) have also been included. For a detailed description of this pathway see: http://genomebiology.com/2005/6/2/R12.
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Hoare S, Copland JA, Wood TG, Jeng YJ, Izban MG, Soloff MS.
PMID: 10218980Hoare S, Copland JA, Wood TG, Jeng YJ, Izban MG, Soloff MS.
PMID: 10218980Sladek SM, Westerhausen-Larson A, Roberts JM.
PMID: 10377025Rozen F, Russo C, Banville D, Zingg HH PMID: 7816817 quote: The presence of APREs in the OTR gene promoter suggests that the acute induction of OTR expression at the onset of parturition may be a phenomenon mechanistically similar to the fast induction of acute phase response genes. This notion is strengthened by the observation that the uterus is populated by macrophages and other specific lymphocytes (19,20). Specifically, at term, nearly half of the decidual cells are of bone marrow origin (20). IL-1beta released from macrophages stimulates the production and release of IL-6 by uterine stromal cells (21,22). Moreover, IL- is a central pathophysiological mediator of infection-induced premature delivery (23), and preterm delivery can be prevented by an IL-1 antagonist in mice (24). We speculate that under physiological as well as phathophysiological conditions, inflammatory cytokines are important inducers of labor and that this mechanism involves the cytokine-induced transcriptional activation of the OTR gene. :end quote
19. Hunt, J.S. (1994) Biol. Reprod. 50, 461-466 20. Vince, G.S., et al. (1990) J. Immunol. Methods 132, 181-189. 21. Tabibzadeh, S. (1991) Endocr. Rev, 12, 272-290. 22. Dudley, D.Jl, et. Al. (1992) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 74, 884-889
23. Romero, R., et. Al, Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 167, 863-872.Rozen F, Russo C, Banville D, Zingg HH PMID: 7816817 quote: The presence of APREs in the OTR gene promoter suggests that the acute induction of OTR expression at the onset of parturition may be a phenomenon mechanistically similar to the fast induction of acute phase response genes. This notion is strengthened by the observation that the uterus is populated by macrophages and other specific lymphocytes (19,20). Specifically, at term, nearly half of the decidual cells are of bone marrow origin (20). IL-1beta released from macrophages stimulates the production and release of IL-6 by uterine stromal cells (21,22). Moreover, IL- is a central pathophysiological mediator of infection-induced premature delivery (23), and preterm delivery can be prevented by an IL-1 antagonist in mice (24). We speculate that under physiological as well as phathophysiological conditions, inflammatory cytokines are important inducers of labor and that this mechanism involves the cytokine-induced transcriptional activation of the OTR gene. :end quote
19. Hunt, J.S. (1994) Biol. Reprod. 50, 461-466 20. Vince, G.S., et al. (1990) J. Immunol. Methods 132, 181-189. 21. Tabibzadeh, S. (1991) Endocr. Rev, 12, 272-290. 22. Dudley, D.Jl, et. Al. (1992) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 74, 884-889
23. Romero, R., et. Al, Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 167, 863-872.Fernandez-Cobo M, Stewart D, Drujan D, De Maio A.
Division of Pediatric Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
PMID: 11255234Annotated Interactions
No annotated interactions