mRNA processing (Anopheles gambiae)

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33AGright click on blue text for detailed informationsnRNP Sm core complexUGFormation of the Spliceosomal A complexAGU2 snRNPRNA helicase APutative Alternative SplicingRegulatorsFormation of the Spliceosomal A complexU5U4/U6Additional FactorsYYYY5Formation of pre-mRNPsAAAAAAAAGFormation of pre-mRNPs35Formation of the active Spliceosomal C complexhnRNP regulatorsSR-repressor proteinsSpt5U2AFPolr2aAdegradedmRNA Capping5CF Iexon 2Formation of the Spliceosomal E complexSR-kinases53Primary RNA transcript3exon 2SR protein kinasesRNAi pathwayU4 snRNPYYYYexon 1555(1)U2 snRNPsSR protein phosphatases3U5RNA helicaseNote: New participating members shown at each stepexon 25YYYYsplicing factor SF3BAccessory Proteins(2c)PiU5 snRNPU1 snRNPAAAdditional SR proteinsCstFsnRNP Sm core complexU1(2)SR-binding sites5 G capA3exon 2YYYYAdditional FactorsCF IICAexon 1Poly(A) polymerase alpha5AG33UGexon 1intronFormation of the Spliceosomal C complexAGPoly(A)pb IIAGhnRNPsU6splicing factor SF3Apre-mRNAmRNA splice site selectionInternal methylation of mRNAAAUAAAU2SF3b14b3YYYYU4Misc.CPSFSerine/Argenine Rich Proteins(SR)5CstFMethylation of mRNAU2 snRNP365Formation of the Spliceosomal B complex(3)mRNA splicing (major pathway)SR-proteinsLariat Formation and 5'-Splice Site Cleavageexon 1U4:U5:U6 tri-snRNP complexKinases Phosphorylating RS domains?U6 snRNP35(2b)Additional FactorsP-YYYYPoly(A) polAProcessing of Intron-Containing Pre-mRNAmRNA polyadenylationSR-proteinsFormation of the Spliceosomal E complexexon 2PGUCleavage at the 3'-Splice-Site and Exon LigationSR-proteinsCleavage of mRNA at the 3'-endexon 1mRNA cappingARnmt (methyltransferase)snRNP Sm core complexheterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteinsiPoCPSFU2AFRngtt (capping enzyme)Cap BindingmRNA 3'-end processingSR-phosphatasesRegulation ofAlternative SplicingSR-binding sitesFormation of the Spliceosomal B complexCFIexon 2Internal methylation of mRNAexon 15U1 snRNPsplicesome associated helicasesCF IIPoly(A)-binding protein II(2a)NCBP2NONOAgaP_AGAP005366RNU2AgaP_AGAP002908AgaP_AGAP001460AgaP_AGAP004592CPSF4SFRS14AgaP_AGAP002474AgaP_AGAP002614AgaP_AGAP007325AgaP_AGAP001538AgaP_AGAP011328AgaP_AGAP001419AgaP_AGAP004090SRPK2AgaP_AGAP006885SFRS2AgaP_AGAP005640AgaP_AGAP002374U4 snRNAHNRPA2B1AgaP_AGAP002895AgaP_AGAP010496AgaP_AGAP001064CUGBP1U5-116KDAgaP_AGAP001224AgaP_AGAP008303AgaP_AGAP005117AgaP_AGAP002956DICER1AgaP_AGAP009905AgaP_AGAP003460AgaP_AGAP009570AgaP_AGAP011149AgaP_AGAP001792AgaP_AGAP008528AgaP_AGAP003635AgaP_AGAP004682AgaP_AGAP011907AgaP_AGAP002706SNRPNSFRS10AgaP_AGAP007246AgaP_AGAP003794SFRS5AgaP_AGAP009506AgaP_AGAP003428AgaP_AGAP004610AgaP_AGAP005136SFRS4HNRPCU5 snRNAAgaP_AGAP005136AgaP_AGAP008925AgaP_AGAP007701SF3A3HNRPH2CLK4AgaP_AGAP011340AgaP_AGAP006599AgaP_AGAP008577AgaP_AGAP004950AgaP_AGAP008925AgaP_AGAP002658FUSIP1AgaP_AGAP006171HRMT1L1SNRPNAgaP_AGAP009477SSFA1AgaP_AGAP005523AgaP_AGAP005322AgaP_AGAP002265AgaP_AGAP010918SSFA1AgaP_AGAP006240AgaP_AGAP006108PCBP2SNRPEAgaP_AGAP000399CLK2HNRPH1AgaP_AGAP008298AgaP_AGAP005298AgaP_AGAP011637AgaP_AGAP003019AgaP_AGAP011494PAPOLAPSKH1AgaP_AGAP003936DDX20HNRPA3P1AgaP_AGAP009296AgaP_AGAP005549AgaP_AGAP000178AgaP_AGAP003945AgaP_AGAP002776AgaP_AGAP002144AgaP_AGAP005021ATPAgaP_AGAP004765AgaP_AGAP004414AgaP_AGAP007670FUSIP1AgaP_AGAP008433AgaP_AGAP008122AgaP_AGAP012054GMPAgaP_AGAP009093AgaP_AGAP002144AgaP_AGAP005142RBMXAgaP_AGAP001195SFRS9U1 snRNAAgaP_AGAP006668PTBP2HNRPKAgaP_AGAP011035HNRPUSSFA1AgaP_AGAP001645AgaP_AGAP012380SNRPB2AgaP_AGAP007212AgaP_AGAP008263AgaP_AGAP002307AgaP_AGAP003462AgaP_AGAP007242CLK1PRPF4BAgaP_AGAP002193AgaP_AGAP006755AgaP_AGAP006885AgaP_AGAP007810AgaP_AGAP000847AgaP_AGAP002947SF4


Description

This process describes the conversion of precursor messenger RNA into mature messenger RNA (mRNA). The pre-mRNA molecule undergoes three main modifications. These modifications are 5' capping, 3' polyadenylation, and RNA splicing, which occur in the cell nucleus before the RNA is translated.

5' Capping: Capping of the pre-mRNA involves the addition of 7-methylguanosine (m7G) to the 5' end. The cap protects the 5' end of the primary RNA transcript from attack by ribonucleases that have specificity to the 3'5' phosphodiester bonds.

3' Processing: The pre-mRNA processing at the 3' end of the RNA molecule involves cleavage of its 3' end and then the addition of about 200 adenine residues to form a poly(A) tail. As the poly(A) tails is synthesised, it binds multiple copies of poly(A) binding protein, which protects the 3'end from ribonuclease digestion.

Splicing: RNA splicing is the process by which introns, regions of RNA that do not code for protein, are removed from the pre-mRNA and the remaining exons connected to re-form a single continuous molecule.

Description adapted from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-transcriptional_modification

Comments

GenMAPP notes 
Gene lists from obtained from InterPro 9-23-2003: Mm RNA-binding region RNP-1 (RNA recognition motif)
GenMAPP remarks 
Adapted from http://www.reactome.org.
HomologyConvert 
This pathway was inferred from Homo sapiens pathway WP411(r30272) with a 65% conversion rate.

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Bibliography

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History

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CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
122784view23:28, 17 May 2022AlexanderPicocleaning up broken comments
105892view11:21, 16 August 2019MkutmonHMDB identifier unification
94573view17:53, 28 September 2017AlexanderPicoremoved nested group
71445view19:12, 17 October 2013MaintBotAutomated update of data sources
68444view19:18, 5 July 2013MaintBotUpdated to 2013 gpml schema
67494view11:09, 26 June 2013DdiglesOntology Term : 'spliceosome pathway' added !
40476view18:47, 1 March 2011MaintBotRemoved redundant pathway information and comments
35234view19:22, 11 February 2010KhanspersPeriodical save, work in progress
35233view19:10, 11 February 2010KhanspersModified description
33733view23:44, 8 December 2009MaintBotAutomatic update of empty xrefs
32285view13:09, 15 August 2009MaintBotFixed text labels
31836view12:28, 14 August 2009MaintBotFixed group labels
31313view20:14, 13 August 2009MaintBotFixed text labels
30798view23:44, 29 July 2009MaintBotNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

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NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
ATPMetabolite
AgaP_AGAP000178GeneProduct1272086 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP000399GeneProduct1271847 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP000847GeneProduct1277360 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP001064GeneProduct1278678 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP001195GeneProduct1281974 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP001224GeneProduct1281946 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP001419GeneProduct1281757 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP001460GeneProduct1281715 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP001538GeneProduct1281638 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP001645GeneProduct1281527 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP001792GeneProduct1281323 (Entrez Gene) GenBank sequence: M10329
AgaP_AGAP002144GeneProduct1269414 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP002193GeneProduct1269364 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP002265GeneProduct1269293 (Entrez Gene) PMID: 14559993. SRrp86 is a unique member of the SR protein superfamily containing one RNA recognition motif and two serine-arginine (SR)-rich domains separated by an unusual glutamic acid-lysine (EK)-rich region. Previously, we showed that SRrp86 could regulate alternative splicing by both positively and negatively modulating the activity of other SR proteins and that the unique EK domain could inhibit both constitutive and alternative splicing. These functions were most consistent with the model in which SRrp86 functions by interacting with and thereby modulating the activity of target proteins. To identify the specific proteins that interact with SRrp86, we used a yeast two-hybrid library screen and immunoprecipitation coupled to mass spectrometry. We show that SRrp86 interacts with all of the core SR proteins, as well as a subset of other splicing regulatory proteins, including SAF-B, hnRNP G, YB-1, and p72. In contrast to previous results that showed activation of SRp20 by SRrp86, we now show that SAF-B, hnRNP G, and 9G8 all antagonize the activity of SRrp86. Overall, we conclude that not only does SRrp86 regulate SR protein activity but that it is, in turn, regulated by other splicing factors to control alternative splice site selection.
AgaP_AGAP002307GeneProduct1273662 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP002374GeneProduct3290608 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP002474GeneProduct1273485 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP002614GeneProduct1273354 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP002658GeneProduct1273301 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP002706GeneProduct1273262 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP002776GeneProduct1273194 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP002895GeneProduct1273072 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP002908GeneProduct1273053 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP002947GeneProduct1273015 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP002956GeneProduct1273007 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP003019GeneProduct1272933 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP003428GeneProduct1272801 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP003460GeneProduct1272829 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP003462GeneProduct1272833 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP003635GeneProduct1274299 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP003794GeneProduct1271533 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP003936GeneProduct1278762 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP003945GeneProduct1278776 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP004090GeneProduct1270887 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP004414GeneProduct1274558 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP004592GeneProduct1275942 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP004610GeneProduct1275923 (Entrez Gene) PMID: 14729963
AgaP_AGAP004682GeneProduct1268691 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP004765GeneProduct1278460 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP004950GeneProduct1275761 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP005021GeneProduct4576284 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP005117GeneProduct1274794 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP005136GeneProduct1274814 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP005142GeneProduct1274820 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP005298GeneProduct1270385 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP005322GeneProduct1276029 (Entrez Gene) PMID: 12773558
AgaP_AGAP005366GeneProduct3289953 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP005523GeneProduct1276207 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP005549GeneProduct1276233 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP005640GeneProduct1276326 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP006108GeneProduct4576730 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP006171GeneProduct1276838 (Entrez Gene) PMID: 12773558
AgaP_AGAP006240GeneProduct1276901 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP006599GeneProduct1277182 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP006668GeneProduct4576768 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP006755GeneProduct1270305 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP006885GeneProduct1270195 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP007212GeneProduct1269919 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP007242GeneProduct1269904 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP007246GeneProduct1269901 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP007325GeneProduct1269848 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP007670GeneProduct1269557 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP007701GeneProduct1269532 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP007810GeneProduct1278148 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP008122GeneProduct1277833 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP008263GeneProduct1277723 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP008298GeneProduct1277686 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP008303GeneProduct1277682 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP008433GeneProduct1277542 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP008528GeneProduct1277444 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP008577GeneProduct1275439 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP008925GeneProduct1279895 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP009093GeneProduct1280046 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP009296GeneProduct1280262 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP009477GeneProduct1271433 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP009506GeneProduct1271405 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP009570GeneProduct1278931 (Entrez Gene) PMID: 14729963
AgaP_AGAP009905GeneProduct1279319 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP010496GeneProduct1275237 (Entrez Gene) Antagonist splicing factor
AgaP_AGAP010918GeneProduct1271032 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP011035GeneProduct1269464 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP011149GeneProduct1270778 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP011328GeneProduct1270609 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP011340GeneProduct1270599 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP011494GeneProduct1278378 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP011637GeneProduct1280995 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP011907GeneProduct1280756 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP012054GeneProduct1280613 (Entrez Gene)
AgaP_AGAP012380GeneProduct1280333 (Entrez Gene)
CLK1GeneProduct
CLK2GeneProduct
CLK4GeneProduct
CPSF4GeneProduct
CUGBP1GeneProduct
DDX20GeneProduct
DICER1GeneProduct
FUSIP1GeneProduct
GMPMetaboliteHMDB0001397 (HMDB)
HNRPA2B1GeneProduct
HNRPA3P1GeneProduct
HNRPCGeneProduct
HNRPH1GeneProduct
HNRPH2GeneProduct
HNRPKGeneProduct
HNRPUGeneProduct
HRMT1L1GeneProduct
NCBP2GeneProduct
NONOGeneProduct
PAPOLAGeneProduct
PCBP2GeneProduct
PRPF4BGeneProduct
PSKH1GeneProductPMID: 12466556
PTBP2GeneProduct
RBMXGeneProduct
RNU2GeneProductGenBank sequence: K00027
SF3A3GeneProduct
SF4GeneProductinferred from: SURP 2, G patch protein, UniProt:O60378
SFRS10GeneProduct
SFRS14GeneProduct
SFRS2GeneProduct
SFRS4GeneProduct
SFRS5GeneProduct
SFRS9GeneProductPMID: 12738786, PMID: 12024014 (associated with hnRNP A1 splicing)
SNRPB2GeneProduct
SNRPEGeneProduct
SNRPNGeneProduct
SRPK2GeneProductPMID: 12773558
SSFA1GeneProduct
U1 snRNARnaGenBank sequence: J00645
U4 snRNAGeneProductGenBank sequence: M10328, M18004
U5 snRNAGeneProductGenBank sequence: AB021173
U5-116KDGeneProduct

Annotated Interactions

No annotated interactions
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