Toll, IMD, JAK/STAT pathways for immune response to pathogens (Anopheles gambiae)

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1PhosphorylationJAK/STAT PathwayIMD PathwayP.vivaxEffector GenesPromote Ubiquitin BindingToll PathwayP. falciparumUpregulation of Immune GenesP. bergheiTRAF6FADDEffetePGRPLCPGRPS1CLIPB13TollBendlessDOMEIMDPELLEIKK2CLIPC8IAP2CACTSPZ2Uev1aPellinoSTAT2REL1IKK1TUBECasparCASPL1K48 UbK63 UbK63 UbK63 UbUbDOMESTAT2STATSTATSTATSTATREL1PGRPS2PGRPS3Myd88UPDPIASREL2SocsJAKJAKTab2Tak1JNKDreddREL2


Description

The presence P. berghei signals proteins Toll Pathway through proteins PGRP-S, CLIPB13, CLIPC8, and SPZ2. Toll activates death domain-containing molecules (MyD88, Tube, Pelle). Pellino ubiquinates Pelle which allows TRAF to activate REL1 by the ubiquitination of cactus. REL1 translocates to nucleus to upregulate immune genes. The IMD pathway is activated by presence of P. faciparum that starts a cascade of activation of Fadd, Dredd, Tak1/Tab2 coomplex and leads to the activation, translocation, and effector gene promotion of Relish. The Effete/Uev1a/Bendless/IAP2 inhibits the CASPL1/Dredd complex. The JAK/STAT pathway is activated by presence of P. vivax and unpaired gene particles binding to dome/JAK/STAT complex leading to the actIvation of the STAT complex which translocates to the nucleus to promote transcription of effector genes. This pathway was taken from Figure 2B of Severo et al.

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Ontology Terms

 

Bibliography

  1. Severo MS, Sakhon OS, Choy A, Stephens KD, Pedra JH; ''The 'ubiquitous' reality of vector immunology.''; Cell Microbiol, 2013 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia

History

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CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
127938view20:08, 18 January 2024Khanspersadded xrefs
127937view19:52, 18 January 2024Khanspersminor fix, removed Relish
117226view09:30, 19 May 2021EweitzModified title
90179view17:27, 21 October 2016Khanspersconnected unconnected interaction
90118view23:53, 13 October 2016Khanspersupdated state
90117view23:51, 13 October 2016Khanspersupdated and removed Dr xrefs
89068view08:43, 19 August 2016FehrhartFixed unconnected line
87415view11:31, 22 July 2016MkutmonOntology Term : 'immune response pathway' added !
87302view20:09, 20 July 2016AAR&CoModified description
87301view20:06, 20 July 2016AAR&CoModified description
87266view15:56, 20 July 2016AAR&CoEdited Datanode
87265view15:52, 20 July 2016AAR&CoModified description
87264view15:41, 20 July 2016AAR&CoFixed Labels
87263view15:34, 20 July 2016AAR&CoModified description
87262view15:28, 20 July 2016AAR&CoNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

View all...
NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
BendlessGeneProductAGAP005197 (Ensembl) Identifier Not Found
CACTGeneProductAGAP007938 (Ensembl)
CASPL1GeneProductAGAP011693 (Ensembl)
CLIPB13GeneProductAGAP004855 (Ensembl)
CLIPC8GeneProductIdentifier Not Found
CasparGeneProductAGAP006473 (Ensembl) Identifier Not Found
DOMEGeneProductAGAP010083 (Ensembl)
DreddGeneProduct
EffeteGeneProductAGAP000145 (Ensembl) Identifier Not Found
FADDGeneProductAGAP007173 (Ensembl)
IAP2GeneProductAGAP011326 (Ensembl)
IKK1GeneProductAGAP009166 (Ensembl)
IKK2GeneProductAGAP005933 (Ensembl Mosquito) Identifier Not Found
IMDGeneProductAGAP004959 (Ensembl)
JAKGeneProduct
JNKGeneProduct
Myd88GeneProduct
PELLEGeneProductAGAP002966 (Ensembl)
PGRPLCGeneProductAGAP005203 (Ensembl)
PGRPS1GeneProductAGAP000536 (Ensembl)
PGRPS2GeneProductAGAP006343 (Ensembl)
PGRPS3GeneProductAGAP006342 (Ensembl)
PIASGeneProductAGAP005031 (Ensembl)
PellinoGeneProductAGAP004232 (Ensembl)
REL1GeneProductAGAP009515 (Ensembl) Dorsal Not Specified
REL2GeneProductAGAP006747 (Ensembl)
SPZ2GeneProductAGAP006483 (Ensembl)
STAT2GeneProductAGAP000099 (Ensembl)
STATGeneProductAGAP000099 (Ensembl)
SocsGeneProduct
TRAF6GeneProductAGAP000388 (Ensembl) TRAF not specified
TUBEGeneProductAGAP003062 (Ensembl)
Tab2GeneProductAGAP011779 (Ensembl)
Tak1GeneProductAGAP013516 (Ensembl)
TollGeneProductAGAP001002 (Ensembl)
UPDGeneProductAGAP013506 (Ensembl)
Uev1aGeneProductIdentifier Not Found

Annotated Interactions

No annotated interactions

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