Respiratory electron transport, ATP synthesis by chemiosmotic coupling, and heat production by uncoupling proteins. (Homo sapiens)
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Description
Oxidation of fatty acids and pyruvate in the mitochondrial matrix yield large amounts of NADH. The respiratory electron transport chain couples the re-oxidation of this NADH to NAD+ to the export of protons from the mitochonrial matrix, generating a chemiosmotic gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This gradient is used to drive the synthesis of ATP; it can also be bypassed by uncoupling proteins to generate heat, a reaction in brown fat that may be important in regulation of body temperature in newborn children.
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External references
DataNodes
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Name | Type | Database reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
ADP | Metabolite | 16761 (ChEBI) | |
ATP | Metabolite | 15422 (ChEBI) | |
ATPase
complex | Complex | REACT_4862 (Reactome) | |
ATPase-ADP and
Pi complex | Complex | REACT_2435 (Reactome) | |
ATPase-ATP
complex | Complex | REACT_3945 (Reactome) | |
Complex I -
NADH: Ubiquinone oxidoreductase | Complex | REACT_6533 (Reactome) | |
Cytochrome
c oxidase | Complex | REACT_6661 (Reactome) | |
Cytochrome c
(oxidized) | Complex | REACT_13953 (Reactome) | |
Cytochrome c
(reduced) | Complex | REACT_13858 (Reactome) | |
ETF | Complex | REACT_6490 (Reactome) | |
ETF
(reduced) | Complex | REACT_6568 (Reactome) | |
ETFDH | Protein | Q16134 (UniProt) | |
FA anion:UCP
dimer "head- out" complex | Complex | REACT_6437 (Reactome) | |
FA anion:UCP
dimer "head-in" complex | Complex | REACT_6679 (Reactome) | |
FAD | Metabolite | 16238 (ChEBI) | |
FADH2 | Metabolite | 17877 (ChEBI) | |
Fatty Acid
"head-in" | Unknown | REACT_6592 (Reactome) | |
Fatty Acid
"head-out" | Unknown | REACT_6554 (Reactome) | |
Fatty Acid
anion "head-out" | Unknown | REACT_6652 (Reactome) | |
Fatty Acid anion
"head-in" | Unknown | REACT_6375 (Reactome) | |
H+ | Metabolite | 15378 (ChEBI) | |
H2O | Metabolite | 15377 (ChEBI) | |
Long-chain
fatty acid | Unknown | 15904 (ChEBI) | |
NAD+ | Metabolite | 15846 (ChEBI) | |
NADH | Metabolite | 16908 (ChEBI) | |
Orthophosp
hate | Metabolite | 18367 (ChEBI) | |
Oxygen | Metabolite | 15379 (ChEBI) | |
Purine
nucleotide | Unknown | REACT_6384 (Reactome) | |
Succinate
dehydrogenase complex (oxidised) | Complex | REACT_3127 (Reactome) | |
Succinate
dehydrogenase complex (reduced) | Complex | REACT_6402 (Reactome) | |
UCP
dimer | Complex | REACT_6463 (Reactome) | |
Ubiquinol-
cytochrome c reductase | Complex | REACT_6527 (Reactome) | |
ubiquinol | Metabolite | 17976 (ChEBI) | |
ubiquinone | Metabolite | 16389 (ChEBI) |
Annotated Interactions
No annotated interactions