S Phase (Homo sapiens)

From WikiPathways

Revision as of 11:32, 10 June 2014 by ReactomeTeam (Talk | contribs)
Jump to: navigation, search
8, 54, 57361, 7, 16, 33, 50...4, 13, 17, 182749554912, 184482, 33591738, 4743, 595310386, 18, 32, 364958342954511, 14, 23, 39, 42...224820, 5212, 18, 3635, 41, 50554944725, 30, 5040814, 23, 24, 42, 5926, 461717, 36DNA Polymerase delta tetramer RFC Heteropentamer SCFDNA polymerase alphaprimase Processive complex RNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplex PDS5 RNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplexPCNA Processive complex Cyclin ACdk2phospho-p27/p21 complex Mcm2-7 complex ubiquitinated Orc1 Ac-Cohesin Complex RFC HeteropentamerRNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplex PCNA homotrimer Mcm2-7 complex DNA polymerase alphaprimase PCNA homotrimer PDS5 Orc2 associated with MCM8 phospho-p27/p21 RNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplex PDS5 RPA heterotrimer DNA polymerase alphaprimase phosphoORCorigin Cyclin E/A RNA primerorigin duplexDNA polymerase alphaprimase complex DNA polymerase epsilon Cyclin ACdk2phosphorylated substrate complex SCFGINS complex RNA primerorigin duplexDNA polymerase alphaprimase complex phosphorylated Cyclin ACdk2 substrate proteins RNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplexPCNA ubiquitinated Orc1 CohesinPDS5WAPAL PCNA homotrimer Orc2 associated with MCM8 DNA Polymerase delta tetramer Cyclin E/ACdk2phospho-p27/p21SCFDNA Polymerase delta tetramer CAK p21/p27 Ac-Cohesin Complex Mcm2-7 complex Processive complexOkazaki fragmentFlap ubiquitinated Cdc6 multi-ubiquitinated phospho-DNA Polymerase delta tetramer DNA polymerase alphaprimase RNA primerorigin duplexDNA polymerase alphaprimase complex Cyclin E/ACdk2 CohesinPDS5WAPALChromosomal Arm Sister CentromeresAc-CohesinPDS5CDCA5WAPAL Ac-CohesinPDS5WAPALChromosomal Arm Cyclin Aphospho-Cdk2Processive complex Ac-CohesinPDS5WAPALCentromere Processive complexOkazaki fragmentFlap CentromereAc-CohesinPDS5CDCA5WAPAL pre-replicative complex Cyclin Aphospho-Cdk2Cyclin ACdk2substrate complex DNA polymerase alphaprimase Cohesin Complex Unwinding complex at replication fork PCNA homotrimer CDK Sister Chromosomal ArmsAc-CohesinPDS5CDCA5WAPAL RNA primerorigin duplexDNA polymerase alphaprimase complex Processive complexOkazaki fragment complex phospho-p27/p21 RPA heterotrimer DNA polymerase alphaprimase PCNA homotrimer Cyclin E/ACdk2multiubiquitinated phospho-p27/p21SCFCyclin E/ACdk2phospho-p27/p21SCFRNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplex Cyclin ACdk2 complex RFC Heteropentamer DNA Polymerase delta tetramer Processive complexOkazaki fragmentFlapRPA heterotrimer GINS complex RPA heterotrimer Cohesin Complex SCFCyclin E/ACdk2p27/p21 complex Mcm4,6,7 complex 26S proteasome RFC HeteropentamerRNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplexPCNA homotrimer RNA primerorigin duplexDNA polymerase alphaprimase complex Cyclin E/ACdk2 PDS5 DNA polymerase alphaprimase RFC HeteropentamerRNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplex RNA primerorigin duplexDNA polymerase alphaprimase complex Cyclin E/A Processive complexnicked DNA from adjacent Okazaki fragments RNA primerorigin duplexDNA polymerase alphaprimase complex Cyclin E/A RNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplexPCNA phospho-p27/p21 Cyclin ACdk1 substrate proteins PDS5 RNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplex RFC Heteropentamer DNA polymerase epsilon DNA polymerase alphaprimase Processive complex PCNA homotrimer Processive complexOkazaki fragment complex RNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplexPCNA Ac-Cohesin Complex RNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplex Ub Cyclin E/ACdk2 Processive complexOkazaki fragment complex Processive complex Ub Ac-Cohesin Complex SCFAc-CohesinPDS5WAPAL Cyclin E/A phospho-p27/p21 Cyclin ACdk2p21/p27 complex RNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplexPCNA Cyclin E/ACdk2phospho-p27/p21 RNA primerorigin duplexDNA polymerase alphaprimase complex Cyclin ACdk2 complex RNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplex Ub Myc/Max heterodimer DNA polymerase alphaprimase PCNA homotrimer PCNA homotrimer nucleoplasmCohesinPDS5WAPALCentromere RNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplex Processive complexOkazaki fragmentFlap DNA Polymerase delta tetramer Cyclin E/ACdk2 SCFCyclin E/ACdk2phospho-p27/p21 Processive complexOkazaki fragmentFlapRPA heterotrimer RNA primerorigin duplexDNA polymerase alphaprimase complex RNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplexPCNA RNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplexPCNA PCNA homotrimer Mcm2-7 complex DNA polymerase alphaprimase PDS5 SCFp21/p27 DNA Polymerase delta tetramer DNA polymerase alphaprimase RNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplex RNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplex ubiquitin Processive complexOkazaki fragmentsRemaining Flap Processive complexOkazaki fragmentFlapRPA heterotrimerdna2 RNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplexPCNA RNA primerorigin duplexDNA polymerase alphaprimase complex Ac-CohesinPDS5CDCA5WAPAL PCNA homotrimer ubiquitin DNA polymerase epsilonorigin complex DNA polymerase alphaprimase Cyclin E/A Cyclin E/ACdk2 Ac-CohesinPDS5WAPAL Ac-CohesinPDS5CDCA5WAPAL DNA polymerase alphaprimaseDNA polymerase alphaorigin complex pre-replicative complex CohesinPDS5WAPAL Cyclin ACdk2 complex RNA primerorigin duplexDNA polymerase alphaprimase complex Cyclin Aphospho-Cdk2DNA polymerase alphaprimase Processive complex SCFCyclin ACdk2 complex Cyclin E/ACdk2phospho-p27/p21 26S proteasome Cyclin D1Cdk4 RNA primerorigin duplexDNA polymerase alphaprimase complex RNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplex CDC6ORCorigin complex Processive complexOkazaki fragment complex DNA Polymerase delta tetramer DNA polymerase alphaprimase RNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplex Cyclin Aphospho-Cdk2CDT1CDC6ORCorigin complex phosphoProcessive complex PSMD4WAPAL ADPPSMB1 PRIM1 POLD4 p-T187-CDKN1B PDS5A MNAT1 UBCPOLD3 PRIM2 PSME3 DNA2CCNH MCM4POLD4 POLD3 POLA2 PSMD7UBCRFC HeteropentamerRNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplexPCNA homotrimerWAPAL PDS5A RFC3 CDC6POLA1 26S proteasomeAMPPCNA NTPPSMA4 PRIM1 ORC6 POLA2 p-Y15-CDK2 UBCPSMB11 PDS5A WAPAL UBCPSMC5 MCM2 MCM6 MCM7 UBCRFC1 ATPRAD21 CDC6 RPA1 POLA1 SMC1A POLD1 PSMF1POLE2 POLD3 POLA1 PSMD14 PSMB8 CDCA5 PSME1 RPS27AGINS1 PSMB5 PCNA homotrimerPRIM2 CKS1B SCFUBBPSMD13 PSMA3 p-T286-CCND1RFC2 UBCProcessive complexUBBPOLD2 POLA1 CohesinPDS5WAPALCentromerePOLA2 WEE1POLA1 PSMD11 RFC4 Myc/Max heterodimerCyclin E/ACdk2phospho-p27/p21SCFSister Chromosomal ArmProcessive complexOkazaki fragmentsRemaining FlapMCM3 CDKN1A ATPADPCyclin ACdk2p21/p27 complexUBCMitotic Telophase/CytokinesisPRIM1 CDC6 STAG2 POLD4 UBCUBCMCM5 RAD21 PCNA SKP2 Cyclin Aphospho-Cdk2RFC1 GINS2 Mcm2-7 complexPRIM1 UBCMCM5 PCNA 2xAcK-SMC3 ORC1 PSMB8 MAXUBCPSMA5 PSMB4 CDK4PSMC4 MCM6 POLE UBCPSMD10 UBCMCM2 PSMA1 PSMD8 2xAcK-SMC3 PRIM2 GINS4ADPUBCRPS27ACDKN1B PSMD6DNA polymerase alphaprimaseATPPOLD1 MCM6 ORC4 RPS27APSMB10 FEN1PSMB9 Sister CentromerePSMB1 POLD1 POLA2 PRIM1 POLA2 UBCPSMD1 MYC PSMD11 PSMD1 STAG1 ATPRFC3 RPS27APOLA1 p-RB1 CDK2 PSMC1PSMD12 POLD3 PDS5B PSME2 PSMB5 p-S130-CDKN1A POLD3 PSME4 MCM5 CDK4PSME1 PCNA UBCMCM3 DNA polymerase epsilonPOLD2 RPA3 STAG2 UBCPSME3 SKP1 RNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplexCDK2 p-S130-CDKN1A CDK2 p-T187-CDKN1B RFC4 POLD4 CDKMCM5 POLD3 p-S,T-ORC1ATPPRIM2 PSMF1ORC1 PCNA RFC3 UBCdCTPUBCPOLD4 POLD2 POLA2 POLA2 PRIM2 UBCMCM6 PSMC6UBCUBCp-T286-CCND1 ORC5 PDS5B POLA2 DNA polymerase alphaprimaseDNA polymerase alphaorigin complexRB1 UBCProcessive complexOkazaki fragment complexUBBRFC5 POLA2 CUL1 RPA1 UBBmulti-ubiquitinated phospho-ORC6 PRIM2 PSMB6 dTTPPSMA5 PDS5A PCNA UBCPOLD1 MCM7 Sister CentromeresAc-CohesinPDS5CDCA5WAPALRPA3 PDS5B Processive complexOkazaki fragmentFlapRPA heterotrimerdna2PSMD9 STAG2 Ubiquitin ligasep-S130-CDKN1A CUL1 CDKN1B PRIM2 DNA2 UBCPCNA POLD2 Cyclin ACdk2substrate complexWAPAL UBCPOLD1 POLA1 p-T187-CDKN1B POLA1 PDS5B STAG1 GINS2MCM4p-FZR1 ubiquitinated Cdc6Cyclin ACdk2phosphorylated substrate complexPSMD5 UMPCDCA5RAD21 STAG2 PSMA6 UBA52POLD2 RPA1 SCFPRIM1 SKP1 POLD1 UBBRNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplexPCNAADPPSF3panaphase-promoting complex POLA2 PSMC3 UBCCyclin E/ACdk2CKS1Bligated okazaki fragmentCyclin E/ACdk2multiubiquitinated phospho-p27/p21SCFCDC6 MCM8POLD4 GINS1 p-S130-CDKN1A 2xAcK-SMC3 PSMB2 SMC1A UBCCDK2 UBA52MCM8 SMC1A UBCCDK2 p-T286-CCND1CDKN1Aubiquitinated Orc1CUL1 MCM8 Cyclin ACdk2phospho-p27/p21 complexubiquitinRFC1 CDT1 p-T160-CDK2 p-T160-CDK2 CCND1 POLA2 PSMA8 SMC3 Cyclin ACdk2 complexPSMB2 Unwinding complex at replication forkPOLA1 RPS27AUBCPSMD8 CDK2CDKN1ACoA-SHPRIM1 RFC2 PRIM1 CDKN1A PSMA1 SMC3 UBBProcessive complexOkazaki fragmentFlapCDC45 PSMB3 UBCPSMA2 UBA52UBCORC4 CDKN1A MCM7 POLA1 PSMB9 CDT1 UBCCyclin ACAKUBBCyclin Aphospho-Cdk2PRIM2 dGTPPSMB3 PCNA SMC1A ESCOCDK2 MCM4CDK2 Ac-CoASTAG1 GINS4UBCPRIM1 PSMA6 SKP1 PRIM2 phosphoPDS5B PRIM1 CDCA5 RPA heterotrimerUBCSister Chromosomal ArmsAc-CohesinPDS5CDCA5WAPALRNA primerorigin duplexDNA polymerase alphaprimase complexPSMA7GINS1PSMC5 STAG1 RFC HeteropentamerPSMB10 STAG2 SMC1A STAG1 SMC1A ORC1 PSMD3 p-S130-CDKN1A RAD21 Cyclin D1Cdk4Processive complexnicked DNA from adjacent Okazaki fragmentsCUL1 CMPUBCATPUBA52PSMC6dATPPSMA4 PSMD5 ORC2 ORC2 Cyclin ACdk2 complexUBBReplication ForkPSMD7Unwound forkSTAG2 POLA1 glycogen synthase kinase-3 betapre-replicative complex phosphoMCM4POLD2 UBBPSMB7 RFC4 RFC HeteropentamerRNA primer-DNA primerorigin duplexp-T286-CCND1 PSMD3 UBCPSMA7PSMC1CDKN1B PCNA PSMD2 WAPAL POLE MCM7 MCM5POLA2 PiCyclin E/ACdk2p27/p21 complexRPA2 ORC3 PRIM1 PSMD4PSMD13 POLA1 p-T187-CDKN1B PSMD12 UBCp-T160-CDK2 PSMA2 WAPAL MCM2 SKP2 Cdc25 A/Bp-CDC6RFC5 ORC5 PSMB4 PSMB6 PSMD6POLA1 PSMC3 STAG1 POLD4 GINS4MCM2MCM4p-T187-CDKN1B 2xAcK-SMC3 UBBUBCRAD21 CDK2 RAD21 RPA2 ADPPOLD1 UBCPSMC2 CDK4Ac-CohesinPDS5WAPALCentromereUBA52PSMD14 UBCPOLD3 UBBCDC45ubiquitinated Orc1UBCMcm4,6,7 complexpre-replicative complexRFC2 ADPUBBUBCUBBFZR1 POLD4 POLA2 UBCCKS1B POLD1 CKS1B SKP2 GINS2 p-T286-CCND1 MCM2 PSMD10 UBCATPPDS5A UbMCM3 MCM3SKP1 CohesinPDS5WAPALChromosomal Arm26S proteasomePSMC2 PSMA3 p21/p27CDK7 Processive complexOkazaki fragmentFlapRPA heterotrimerGMPLIG1ATPUBBPRIM2 DNA Polymerase delta tetramerPRIM1 Mitotic PrometaphasePOLD3 PSMB7 MCM6 PRIM2 CDKN1BH2OPDS5A ATPPSMD9 Ac-CohesinPDS5WAPALChromosomal ArmMCM7 SKP2 CDC25ARPA3 POLD2 PRIM2 PDS5B RPA2 ADPADPPRIM1 POLE2 Cyclin E/ACdk2phospho-p27/p21PRIM1 Okazaki fragmentGINS complexCDK2 POLA2 ORC3 PSMC4 MCM3 PRIM2 PSME2 UBBPSMD2 PRIM2 CDKN1BPOLA1 CDK2 PCNA CDC6POLD2 RFC5 28919, 374928155344492131


Description

DNA synthesis occurs in the S phase, or the synthesis phase, of the cell cycle. The cell duplicates its hereditary material, and two copies of the chromosome are formed. As DNA replication continues, the E type cyclins shared by the G1 and S phases, are destroyed and the levels of the mitotic cyclins rise. Original Pathway at Reactome: http://www.reactome.org/PathwayBrowser/#DB=gk_current&FOCUS_SPECIES_ID=48887&FOCUS_PATHWAY_ID=69242

Try the New WikiPathways

View approved pathways at the new wikipathways.org.

Quality Tags

Ontology Terms

 

Bibliography

View all...
  1. Diehl JA, Sherr CJ.; ''A dominant-negative cyclin D1 mutant prevents nuclear import of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and its phosphorylation by CDK-activating kinase.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  2. Nishiyama T, Ladurner R, Schmitz J, Kreidl E, Kreidl E, Schleiffer A, Bhaskara V, Bando M, Shirahige K, Hyman AA, Mechtler K, Peters JM.; ''Sororin mediates sister chromatid cohesion by antagonizing Wapl.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  3. Vega H, Waisfisz Q, Gordillo M, Sakai N, Yanagihara I, Yamada M, van Gosliga D, Kayserili H, Xu C, Ozono K, Jabs EW, Inui K, Joenje H.; ''Roberts syndrome is caused by mutations in ESCO2, a human homolog of yeast ECO1 that is essential for the establishment of sister chromatid cohesion.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  4. Litovchick L, Sadasivam S, Florens L, Zhu X, Swanson SK, Velmurugan S, Chen R, Washburn MP, Liu XS, DeCaprio JA.; ''Evolutionarily conserved multisubunit RBL2/p130 and E2F4 protein complex represses human cell cycle-dependent genes in quiescence.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  5. Montagnoli A, Fiore F, Eytan E, Carrano AC, Draetta GF, Hershko A, Pagano M.; ''Ubiquitination of p27 is regulated by Cdk-dependent phosphorylation and trimeric complex formation.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  6. Voges D, Zwickl P, Baumeister W.; ''The 26S proteasome: a molecular machine designed for controlled proteolysis.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  7. Diehl JA, Zindy F, Sherr CJ.; ''Inhibition of cyclin D1 phosphorylation on threonine-286 prevents its rapid degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  8. Aprelikova O, Xiong Y, Liu ET.; ''Both p16 and p21 families of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors block the phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinases by the CDK-activating kinase.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  9. Gu Y, Rosenblatt J, Morgan DO.; ''Cell cycle regulation of CDK2 activity by phosphorylation of Thr160 and Tyr15.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  10. Wu CL, Kirley SD, Xiao H, Chuang Y, Chung DC, Zukerberg LR.; ''Cables enhances cdk2 tyrosine 15 phosphorylation by Wee1, inhibits cell growth, and is lost in many human colon and squamous cancers.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  11. Zhang J, Shi X, Li Y, Kim BJ, Jia J, Huang Z, Yang T, Fu X, Jung SY, Wang Y, Zhang P, Kim ST, Pan X, Qin J.; ''Acetylation of Smc3 by Eco1 is required for S phase sister chromatid cohesion in both human and yeast.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  12. Benzeno S, Lu F, Guo M, Barbash O, Zhang F, Herman JG, Klein PS, Rustgi A, Diehl JA.; ''Identification of mutations that disrupt phosphorylation-dependent nuclear export of cyclin D1.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  13. Orend G, Hunter T, Ruoslahti E.; ''Cytoplasmic displacement of cyclin E-cdk2 inhibitors p21Cip1 and p27Kip1 in anchorage-independent cells.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  14. Van Den Berg DJ, Francke U.; ''Roberts syndrome: a review of 100 cases and a new rating system for severity.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  15. Wei SJ, Williams JG, Dang H, Darden TA, Betz BL, Humble MM, Chang FM, Trempus CS, Johnson K, Cannon RE, Tennant RW.; ''Identification of a specific motif of the DSS1 protein required for proteasome interaction and p53 protein degradation.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  16. Deardorff MA, Bando M, Nakato R, Watrin E, Itoh T, Minamino M, Saitoh K, Komata M, Katou Y, Clark D, Cole KE, De Baere E, Decroos C, Di Donato N, Ernst S, Francey LJ, Gyftodimou Y, Hirashima K, Hullings M, Ishikawa Y, Jaulin C, Kaur M, Kiyono T, Lombardi PM, Magnaghi-Jaulin L, Mortier GR, Nozaki N, Petersen MB, Seimiya H, Siu VM, Suzuki Y, Takagaki K, Wilde JJ, Willems PJ, Prigent C, Gillessen-Kaesbach G, Christianson DW, Kaiser FJ, Jackson LG, Hirota T, Krantz ID, Shirahige K.; ''HDAC8 mutations in Cornelia de Lange syndrome affect the cohesin acetylation cycle.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  17. Xiang B, Chatti K, Qiu H, Lakshmi B, Krasnitz A, Hicks J, Yu M, Miller WT, Muthuswamy SK.; ''Brk is coamplified with ErbB2 to promote proliferation in breast cancer.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  18. Blomberg I, Hoffmann I.; ''Ectopic expression of Cdc25A accelerates the G(1)/S transition and leads to premature activation of cyclin E- and cyclin A-dependent kinases.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  19. Bornstein G, Bloom J, Sitry-Shevah D, Nakayama K, Pagano M, Hershko A.; ''Role of the SCFSkp2 ubiquitin ligase in the degradation of p21Cip1 in S phase.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  20. Bembenek J, Yu H.; ''Regulation of the anaphase-promoting complex by the dual specificity phosphatase human Cdc14a.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  21. Harper JW, Adami GR, Wei N, Keyomarsi K, Elledge SJ.; ''The p21 Cdk-interacting protein Cip1 is a potent inhibitor of G1 cyclin-dependent kinases.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  22. Gordillo M, Vega H, Trainer AH, Hou F, Sakai N, Luque R, Kayserili H, Basaran S, Skovby F, Hennekam RC, Uzielli ML, Schnur RE, Manouvrier S, Chang S, Blair E, Hurst JA, Forzano F, Meins M, Simola KO, Raas-Rothschild A, Schultz RA, McDaniel LD, Ozono K, Inui K, Zou H, Jabs EW.; ''The molecular mechanism underlying Roberts syndrome involves loss of ESCO2 acetyltransferase activity.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  23. Zhou BP, Liao Y, Xia W, Spohn B, Lee MH, Hung MC.; ''Cytoplasmic localization of p21Cip1/WAF1 by Akt-induced phosphorylation in HER-2/neu-overexpressing cells.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  24. Pagano M, Pepperkok R, Verde F, Ansorge W, Draetta G.; ''Cyclin A is required at two points in the human cell cycle.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  25. Tsvetkov LM, Yeh KH, Lee SJ, Sun H, Zhang H.; ''p27(Kip1) ubiquitination and degradation is regulated by the SCF(Skp2) complex through phosphorylated Thr187 in p27.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  26. Whelan G, Kreidl E, Kreidl E, Wutz G, Egner A, Peters JM, Eichele G.; ''Cohesin acetyltransferase Esco2 is a cell viability factor and is required for cohesion in pericentric heterochromatin.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  27. Ganoth D, Bornstein G, Ko TK, Larsen B, Tyers M, Pagano M, Hershko A.; ''The cell-cycle regulatory protein Cks1 is required for SCF(Skp2)-mediated ubiquitinylation of p27.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  28. Zhu XH, Nguyen H, Halicka HD, Traganos F, Koff A.; ''Noncatalytic requirement for cyclin A-cdk2 in p27 turnover.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  29. DeGregori J, Kowalik T, Nevins JR.; ''Cellular targets for activation by the E2F1 transcription factor include DNA synthesis- and G1/S-regulatory genes.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  30. Jackman M, Kubota Y, den Elzen N, Hagting A, Pines J.; ''Cyclin A- and cyclin E-Cdk complexes shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  31. Guo Y, Yang K, Harwalkar J, Nye JM, Mason DR, Garrett MD, Hitomi M, Stacey DW.; ''Phosphorylation of cyclin D1 at Thr 286 during S phase leads to its proteasomal degradation and allows efficient DNA synthesis.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  32. Hao B, Zheng N, Schulman BA, Wu G, Miller JJ, Pagano M, Pavletich NP.; ''Structural basis of the Cks1-dependent recognition of p27(Kip1) by the SCF(Skp2) ubiquitin ligase.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  33. Mitra J, Enders GH, Azizkhan-Clifford J, Lengel KL.; ''Dual regulation of the anaphase promoting complex in human cells by cyclin A-Cdk2 and cyclin A-Cdk1 complexes.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  34. Viglietto G, Motti ML, Bruni P, Melillo RM, D'Alessio A, Califano D, Vinci F, Chiappetta G, Tsichlis P, Bellacosa A, Fusco A, Santoro M.; ''Cytoplasmic relocalization and inhibition of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27(Kip1) by PKB/Akt-mediated phosphorylation in breast cancer.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  35. Vigo E, Müller H, Prosperini E, Hateboer G, Cartwright P, Moroni MC, Helin K.; ''CDC25A phosphatase is a target of E2F and is required for efficient E2F-induced S phase.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  36. Sarshad AA, Corcoran M, Al-Muzzaini B, Borgonovo-Brandter L, Von Euler A, Lamont D, Visa N, Percipalle P.; ''Glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3β phosphorylates and protects nuclear myosin 1c from proteasome-mediated degradation to activate rDNA transcription in early G1 cells.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  37. Hou F, Zou H.; ''Two human orthologues of Eco1/Ctf7 acetyltransferases are both required for proper sister-chromatid cohesion.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  38. Patel P, Asbach B, Shteyn E, Gomez C, Coltoff A, Bhuyan S, Tyner AL, Wagner R, Blain SW.; ''Brk/Protein tyrosine kinase 6 phosphorylates p27KIP1, regulating the activity of cyclin D-cyclin-dependent kinase 4.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  39. Carrano AC, Eytan E, Hershko A, Pagano M.; ''SKP2 is required for ubiquitin-mediated degradation of the CDK inhibitor p27.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  40. Rankin S, Ayad NG, Kirschner MW.; ''Sororin, a substrate of the anaphase-promoting complex, is required for sister chromatid cohesion in vertebrates.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  41. Galaktionov K, Chen X, Beach D.; ''Cdc25 cell-cycle phosphatase as a target of c-myc.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia

History

View all...
CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
118522view10:10, 28 May 2021EweitzOntology Term : 'S phase pathway' added !
115059view17:00, 25 January 2021ReactomeTeamReactome version 75
113503view11:58, 2 November 2020ReactomeTeamReactome version 74
112703view16:10, 9 October 2020ReactomeTeamReactome version 73
101618view11:48, 1 November 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 66
101154view21:34, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 65
100681view20:07, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 64
100231view16:52, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 63
99783view15:18, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 62 (2nd attempt)
99337view12:47, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 62
93537view11:26, 9 August 2017ReactomeTeamreactome version 61
86636view09:22, 11 July 2016ReactomeTeamreactome version 56
83395view11:07, 18 November 2015ReactomeTeamVersion54
81589view13:07, 21 August 2015ReactomeTeamVersion53
77049view08:35, 17 July 2014ReactomeTeamFixed remaining interactions
76754view12:11, 16 July 2014ReactomeTeamFixed remaining interactions
76079view10:14, 11 June 2014ReactomeTeamRe-fixing comment source
75789view11:32, 10 June 2014ReactomeTeamReactome 48 Update
75139view14:08, 8 May 2014AnweshaFixing comment source for displaying WikiPathways description
74786view08:52, 30 April 2014ReactomeTeamNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

View all...
NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
26S proteasomeComplexREACT_2353 (Reactome)
26S proteasomeComplexREACT_7467 (Reactome)
2xAcK-SMC3 ProteinQ9UQE7 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ADPMetaboliteCHEBI:16761 (ChEBI)
AMPMetaboliteCHEBI:16027 (ChEBI)
ATPMetaboliteCHEBI:15422 (ChEBI)
Ac-CoAMetaboliteCHEBI:15351 (ChEBI)
Ac-Cohesin

PDS5 WAPAL

Centromere
ComplexREACT_152186 (Reactome)
Ac-Cohesin

PDS5 WAPAL

Chromosomal Arm
ComplexREACT_151929 (Reactome)
CAKComplexREACT_5717 (Reactome)
CCND1 ProteinP24385 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CCNH ProteinP51946 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDC25AProteinP30304 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDC45 ProteinO75419 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDC45ProteinO75419 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDC6 ProteinQ99741 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDC6ProteinQ99741 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDCA5 ProteinQ96FF9 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDCA5ProteinQ96FF9 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDK2 ProteinP24941 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDK2ProteinP24941 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDK4ProteinP11802 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDK7 ProteinP50613 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDKN1A ProteinP38936 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDKN1AProteinP38936 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDKN1B ProteinP46527 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDKN1BProteinP46527 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDKComplexREACT_5476 (Reactome)
CDT1 ProteinQ9H211 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CKS1B ProteinP61024 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CKS1BProteinP61024 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CMPMetaboliteCHEBI:17361 (ChEBI)
CUL1 ProteinQ13616 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Cdc25 A/BREACT_9277 (Reactome)
CoA-SHMetaboliteCHEBI:15346 (ChEBI)
Cohesin

PDS5 WAPAL

Centromere
ComplexREACT_151885 (Reactome)
Cohesin

PDS5 WAPAL

Chromosomal Arm
ComplexREACT_150643 (Reactome)
Cyclin A

Cdk2

p21/p27 complex
ComplexREACT_9335 (Reactome)
Cyclin A

Cdk2

phospho-p27/p21 complex
ComplexREACT_9145 (Reactome)
Cyclin A

Cdk2

phosphorylated substrate complex
ComplexREACT_9299 (Reactome)
Cyclin A

Cdk2

substrate complex
ComplexREACT_9192 (Reactome)
Cyclin A Cdk2 complexComplexREACT_4932 (Reactome)
Cyclin A Cdk2 complexComplexREACT_9350 (Reactome)
Cyclin A phospho-Cdk2ComplexREACT_9202 (Reactome)
Cyclin A phospho-Cdk2ComplexREACT_9292 (Reactome)
Cyclin AProteinREACT_6541 (Reactome)
Cyclin D1 Cdk4ComplexREACT_2478 (Reactome)
Cyclin E/A

Cdk2 multiubiquitinated phospho-p27/p21

SCF
ComplexREACT_9266 (Reactome)
Cyclin E/A

Cdk2

p27/p21 complex
ComplexREACT_9314 (Reactome)
Cyclin E/A

Cdk2 phospho-p27/p21

SCF
ComplexREACT_9193 (Reactome)
Cyclin E/A

Cdk2

phospho-p27/p21
ComplexREACT_9321 (Reactome)
Cyclin E/A Cdk2ComplexREACT_9091 (Reactome)
DNA Polymerase delta tetramerComplexREACT_5801 (Reactome)
DNA polymerase alpha

primase DNA polymerase alpha

origin complex
ComplexREACT_3167 (Reactome)
DNA polymerase alpha primaseComplexREACT_3725 (Reactome)
DNA polymerase epsilonComplexREACT_4621 (Reactome)
DNA2 ProteinP51530 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
DNA2ProteinP51530 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ESCOProteinREACT_151079 (Reactome)
FEN1ProteinP39748 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
FZR1 ProteinQ9UM11 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GINS complexComplexREACT_7704 (Reactome)
GINS1 ProteinQ14691 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GINS1ProteinQ14691 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GINS2 ProteinQ9Y248 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GINS2ProteinQ9Y248 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GINS4ProteinQ9BRT9 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GMPMetaboliteCHEBI:17345 (ChEBI)
H2OMetaboliteCHEBI:15377 (ChEBI)
LIG1ProteinP18858 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
MAXProteinP61244 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
MCM2 ProteinP49736 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
MCM2ProteinP49736 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
MCM3 ProteinP25205 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
MCM3ProteinP25205 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
MCM4ProteinP33991 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
MCM5 ProteinP33992 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
MCM5ProteinP33992 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
MCM6 ProteinQ14566 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
MCM7 ProteinP33993 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
MCM8 ProteinQ9UJA3 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
MCM8ProteinQ9UJA3 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
MNAT1 ProteinP51948 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
MYC ProteinP01106 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Mcm2-7 complexComplexREACT_4763 (Reactome)
Mcm4,6,7 complexComplexREACT_3276 (Reactome)
Mitotic PrometaphasePathwayWP2652 (WikiPathways) The dissolution of the nuclear membrane marks the beginning of the prometaphase. Kinetochores are created when proteins attach to the centromeres. Microtubules then attach at the kinetochores, and the chromosomes begin to move to the metaphase plate.
Mitotic Telophase/CytokinesisPathwayWP2765 (WikiPathways) In this final phase of mitosis, new membranes are formed around two sets of chromatids and two daughter cells are formed. The chromosomes and the spindle fibers disperse, and the fiber ring around the center of the cell, composed of actin, contracts, pinching the cell into two daughter cells.
Myc/Max heterodimerComplexREACT_9233 (Reactome)
NTPMetaboliteREACT_4491 (Reactome)
ORC1 ProteinQ13415 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ORC2 ProteinQ13416 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ORC3 ProteinQ9UBD5 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ORC4 ProteinO43929 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ORC5 ProteinO43913 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ORC6 ProteinQ9Y5N6 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Okazaki fragmentREACT_4386 (Reactome)
PCNA ProteinP12004 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PCNA homotrimerComplexREACT_2542 (Reactome)
PDS5A ProteinQ29RF7 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PDS5B ProteinQ9NTI5 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
POLA1 ProteinP09884 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
POLA2 ProteinQ14181 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
POLD1 ProteinP28340 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
POLD2 ProteinP49005 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
POLD3 ProteinQ15054 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
POLD4 ProteinQ9HCU8 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
POLE ProteinQ07864 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
POLE2 ProteinP56282 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PRIM1 ProteinP49642 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PRIM2 ProteinP49643 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSF3pREACT_7682 (Reactome)
PSMA1 ProteinP25786 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMA2 ProteinP25787 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMA3 ProteinP25788 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMA4 ProteinP25789 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMA5 ProteinP28066 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMA6 ProteinP60900 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMA7ProteinO14818 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMA8 ProteinQ8TAA3 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMB1 ProteinP20618 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMB10 ProteinP40306 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMB11 ProteinA5LHX3 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMB2 ProteinP49721 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMB3 ProteinP49720 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMB4 ProteinP28070 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMB5 ProteinP28074 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMB6 ProteinP28072 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMB7 ProteinQ99436 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMB8 ProteinP28062 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMB9 ProteinP28065 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMC1ProteinP62191 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMC2 ProteinP35998 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMC3 ProteinP17980 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMC4 ProteinP43686 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMC5 ProteinP62195 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMC6ProteinP62333 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMD1 ProteinQ99460 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMD10 ProteinO75832 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMD11 ProteinO00231 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMD12 ProteinO00232 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMD13 ProteinQ9UNM6 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMD14 ProteinO00487 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMD2 ProteinQ13200 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMD3 ProteinO43242 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMD4ProteinP55036 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMD5 ProteinQ16401 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMD6ProteinQ15008 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMD7ProteinP51665 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMD8 ProteinP48556 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMD9 ProteinO00233 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSME1 ProteinQ06323 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSME2 ProteinQ9UL46 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSME3 ProteinP61289 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSME4 ProteinQ14997 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PSMF1ProteinQ92530 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PiMetaboliteCHEBI:18367 (ChEBI)
Processive complex

Okazaki fragment Flap RPA heterotrimer

dna2
ComplexREACT_3597 (Reactome)
Processive complex

Okazaki fragment Flap

RPA heterotrimer
ComplexREACT_4699 (Reactome)
Processive complex

Okazaki fragment

Flap
ComplexREACT_4984 (Reactome)
Processive complex Okazaki fragment complexComplexREACT_5537 (Reactome)
Processive complex

Okazaki fragments

Remaining Flap
ComplexREACT_4338 (Reactome)
Processive complex nicked DNA from adjacent Okazaki fragmentsComplexREACT_4371 (Reactome)
Processive complexComplexREACT_3120 (Reactome)
RAD21 ProteinO60216 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RB1 ProteinP06400 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RFC Heteropentamer

RNA primer-DNA primer origin duplex

PCNA homotrimer
ComplexREACT_5474 (Reactome)
RFC Heteropentamer

RNA primer-DNA primer

origin duplex
ComplexREACT_5241 (Reactome)
RFC HeteropentamerComplexREACT_4881 (Reactome)
RFC1 ProteinP35251 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RFC2 ProteinP35250 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RFC3 ProteinP40938 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RFC4 ProteinP35249 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RFC5 ProteinP40937 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RNA primer

origin duplex DNA polymerase alpha

primase complex
ComplexREACT_5709 (Reactome)
RNA primer-DNA primer

origin duplex

PCNA
ComplexREACT_4810 (Reactome)
RNA primer-DNA primer origin duplexComplexREACT_5497 (Reactome)
RPA heterotrimerComplexREACT_3427 (Reactome)
RPA1 ProteinP27694 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RPA2 ProteinP15927 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RPA3 ProteinP35244 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RPS27AProteinP62979 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Replication ForkREACT_7812 (Reactome)
SCFComplexREACT_9182 (Reactome)
SCFComplexREACT_9339 (Reactome)
SKP1 ProteinP63208 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
SKP2 ProteinQ13309 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
SMC1A ProteinQ14683 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
SMC3 ProteinQ9UQE7 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
STAG1 ProteinQ8WVM7 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
STAG2 ProteinQ8N3U4 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Sister CentromereREACT_151483 (Reactome)
Sister Centromeres

Ac-Cohesin PDS5 CDCA5

WAPAL
ComplexREACT_151874 (Reactome)
Sister Chromosomal ArmREACT_150847 (Reactome)
Sister Chromosomal Arms

Ac-Cohesin PDS5 CDCA5

WAPAL
ComplexREACT_150576 (Reactome)
UBA52ProteinP62987 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
UBBProteinP0CG47 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
UBCProteinP0CG48 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
UMPMetaboliteCHEBI:16695 (ChEBI)
UbProteinREACT_3316 (Reactome)
Ubiquitin ligaseREACT_4282 (Reactome)
Unwinding complex at replication forkComplexREACT_7007 (Reactome)
Unwound forkREACT_7610 (Reactome)
WAPAL ProteinQ7Z5K2 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
WEE1ProteinP30291 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
anaphase-promoting complex REACT_3388 (Reactome)
dATPMetaboliteCHEBI:16284 (ChEBI)
dCTPMetaboliteCHEBI:16311 (ChEBI)
dGTPMetaboliteCHEBI:16497 (ChEBI)
dTTPMetaboliteCHEBI:18077 (ChEBI)
glycogen synthase kinase-3 betaREACT_3846 (Reactome)
ligated okazaki fragmentREACT_4394 (Reactome)
multi-ubiquitinated phospho-ComplexREACT_7367 (Reactome)
p-CDC6ProteinQ99741 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-FZR1 ProteinQ9UM11 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-RB1 ProteinP06400 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) The pRB C-terminus contains a cluster of seven candidate in vivo cdk phosphorylation sites (residues 795, 807, 811, 821, and 826) and is phosphorylated in vitro by cyclin A, cyclin E, and cyclin D-associated kinases.
p-S,T-ORC1ProteinQ13415 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-S130-CDKN1A ProteinP38936 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-T160-CDK2 ProteinP24941 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-T187-CDKN1B ProteinP46527 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-T286-CCND1 ProteinP24385 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-T286-CCND1ProteinP24385 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-Y15-CDK2 ProteinP24941 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p21/p27ProteinREACT_8306 (Reactome)
phosphoComplexREACT_4903 (Reactome)
phosphoComplexREACT_5446 (Reactome)
pre-replicative complex ComplexREACT_3695 (Reactome)
pre-replicative complexComplexREACT_4388 (Reactome)
ubiquitinProteinREACT_3995 (Reactome)
ubiquitinated Cdc6ComplexREACT_5308 (Reactome)
ubiquitinated Orc1ComplexREACT_5173 (Reactome)
ubiquitinated Orc1ComplexREACT_5402 (Reactome)

Annotated Interactions

View all...
SourceTargetTypeDatabase referenceComment
26S proteasomeREACT_1210 (Reactome)
26S proteasomeREACT_2142 (Reactome)
26S proteasomeREACT_480 (Reactome)
26S proteasomeREACT_9034 (Reactome)
ADPArrowREACT_1279 (Reactome)
ADPArrowREACT_132 (Reactome)
ADPArrowREACT_1994 (Reactome)
ADPArrowREACT_2111 (Reactome)
ADPArrowREACT_8998 (Reactome)
ADPArrowREACT_9007 (Reactome)
ADPArrowREACT_9057 (Reactome)
ADPArrowREACT_9070 (Reactome)
AMPArrowREACT_315 (Reactome)
ATPREACT_1279 (Reactome)
ATPREACT_132 (Reactome)
ATPREACT_1673 (Reactome)
ATPREACT_1994 (Reactome)
ATPREACT_2111 (Reactome)
ATPREACT_8998 (Reactome)
ATPREACT_9007 (Reactome)
ATPREACT_9057 (Reactome)
ATPREACT_9070 (Reactome)
Ac-CoAREACT_150144 (Reactome)
Ac-CoAREACT_150456 (Reactome)
Ac-Cohesin

PDS5 WAPAL

Centromere
ArrowREACT_150144 (Reactome)
Ac-Cohesin

PDS5 WAPAL

Centromere
REACT_150445 (Reactome)
Ac-Cohesin

PDS5 WAPAL

Chromosomal Arm
ArrowREACT_150456 (Reactome)
Ac-Cohesin

PDS5 WAPAL

Chromosomal Arm
REACT_150264 (Reactome)
CAKREACT_9070 (Reactome)
CDC45REACT_6963 (Reactome)
CDC6ArrowREACT_1279 (Reactome)
CDC6REACT_1279 (Reactome)
CDCA5REACT_150264 (Reactome)
CDCA5REACT_150445 (Reactome)
CDK2REACT_8996 (Reactome)
CDKREACT_1279 (Reactome)
CKS1BREACT_9017 (Reactome)
CMPArrowREACT_315 (Reactome)
Cdc25 A/BREACT_9062 (Reactome)
CoA-SHArrowREACT_150144 (Reactome)
CoA-SHArrowREACT_150456 (Reactome)
Cohesin

PDS5 WAPAL

Centromere
REACT_150144 (Reactome)
Cohesin

PDS5 WAPAL

Chromosomal Arm
REACT_150456 (Reactome)
Cyclin A

Cdk2

p21/p27 complex
REACT_8995 (Reactome)
Cyclin A

Cdk2

phosphorylated substrate complex
ArrowREACT_9007 (Reactome)
Cyclin A

Cdk2

substrate complex
REACT_2111 (Reactome)
Cyclin A

Cdk2

substrate complex
REACT_9007 (Reactome)
Cyclin A Cdk2 complexArrowREACT_9062 (Reactome)
Cyclin A Cdk2 complexREACT_9005 (Reactome)
Cyclin A Cdk2 complexREACT_9057 (Reactome)
Cyclin A Cdk2 complexREACT_9070 (Reactome)
Cyclin A phospho-Cdk2ArrowREACT_9057 (Reactome)
Cyclin A phospho-Cdk2ArrowREACT_9070 (Reactome)
Cyclin A phospho-Cdk2REACT_9062 (Reactome)
Cyclin AREACT_8996 (Reactome)
Cyclin D1 Cdk4REACT_132 (Reactome)
Cyclin E/A

Cdk2 multiubiquitinated phospho-p27/p21

SCF
REACT_9026 (Reactome)
Cyclin E/A

Cdk2

p27/p21 complex
REACT_8998 (Reactome)
Cyclin E/A

Cdk2 phospho-p27/p21

SCF
REACT_9026 (Reactome)
Cyclin E/A

Cdk2

phospho-p27/p21
ArrowREACT_8998 (Reactome)
Cyclin E/A

Cdk2

phospho-p27/p21
REACT_9060 (Reactome)
Cyclin E/A Cdk2ArrowREACT_9034 (Reactome)
DNA Polymerase delta tetramerREACT_1009 (Reactome)
DNA Polymerase delta tetramerREACT_1024 (Reactome)
DNA Polymerase delta tetramerREACT_149 (Reactome)
DNA polymerase alpha

primase DNA polymerase alpha

origin complex
REACT_1611 (Reactome)
DNA polymerase alpha primaseREACT_1611 (Reactome)
DNA polymerase alpha primaseREACT_91 (Reactome)
DNA polymerase epsilonArrowREACT_1611 (Reactome)
DNA2ArrowREACT_315 (Reactome)
DNA2REACT_1278 (Reactome)
ESCOREACT_150144 (Reactome)
ESCOREACT_150456 (Reactome)
FEN1REACT_2024 (Reactome)
GINS complexREACT_6963 (Reactome)
GINS1REACT_6747 (Reactome)
GINS2REACT_6747 (Reactome)
GINS4REACT_6747 (Reactome)
GMPArrowREACT_315 (Reactome)
H2OREACT_9062 (Reactome)
LIG1REACT_1889 (Reactome)
MCM2ArrowREACT_1303 (Reactome)
MCM3ArrowREACT_1303 (Reactome)
MCM5ArrowREACT_1303 (Reactome)
MCM8REACT_6768 (Reactome)
Mcm2-7 complexREACT_6922 (Reactome)
Mcm2-7 complexREACT_6963 (Reactome)
Mcm4,6,7 complexArrowREACT_1303 (Reactome)
Myc/Max heterodimerArrowREACT_9013 (Reactome)
NTPREACT_1611 (Reactome)
PCNA homotrimerREACT_1994 (Reactome)
PSF3pREACT_6747 (Reactome)
PiArrowREACT_9062 (Reactome)
Processive complex

Okazaki fragment Flap

RPA heterotrimer
REACT_1278 (Reactome)
Processive complex

Okazaki fragment

Flap
REACT_2026 (Reactome)
Processive complex

Okazaki fragments

Remaining Flap
ArrowREACT_315 (Reactome)
REACT_1009 (Reactome) The loading of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) leads to recruitment of pol delta. Human PCNA is a homotrimer of 36 kDa subunits that form a toroidal structure. The loading of PCNA by RFC is a key event in the transition from the priming mode to the extension mode of DNA synthesis. The processive complex is composed of the pol delta holoenzyme and PCNA.
REACT_1024 (Reactome) After RFC initiates the assembly of the primer recognition complex, the complex of pol delta and PCNA is responsible for incorporating the additional nucleotides prior to the position of the next downstream initiator RNA primer. On the lagging strand, short discontinuous segments of DNA, called Okazaki fragments, are synthesized on RNA primers. The average length of the Okazaki fragments is 100 nucleotides. Polymerase switching is a key event that allows the processive synthesis of DNA by the pol delta and PCNA complex.
REACT_1180 (Reactome) In this reaction, 1 molecule of 'phospho(T286)-Cyclin D1' is translocated from nucleoplasm to cytosol.

This reaction takes place in the 'nuclear envelope'.

REACT_1210 (Reactome) At the beginning of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'ubiquitinated Cdc6' is present. At the end of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'ubiquitin' is present.

This reaction takes place in the 'cytosol' and is mediated by the 'endopeptidase activity' of '26S proteasome'.

REACT_1278 (Reactome) After RPA binds the long flap, it recruits the Dna2 endonuclease. Dna2 endonuclease removes most of the flap, but the job of complete removal of the flap is then completed by FEN-1.
REACT_1279 (Reactome) At the beginning of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'CDC6', and 1 molecule of 'ATP' are present. At the end of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'ADP', and 1 molecule of 'phosphorylated Cdc6' are present.

This reaction takes place in the 'nucleus' and is mediated by the 'kinase activity' of 'CDK'.

REACT_1303 (Reactome) At the start of the elongation phase of DNA replication, the Mcm2-7 complex may re-arrange to function as the replicative helicase associated with the replication fork. In general, a replicative helicase is associated with the replication fork and unwinds DNA ahead of the polymerase. In yeast, the Mcm proteins associate with origin DNA in G1 phase and then exit the origin upon replication initiation, consistent with moving out of the origin with the replication fork. The Mcm2-7 complex is a ring-shaped hexamer. Complexes of Mcm4, Mcm6 and Mcm7 proteins from humans or S. pombe display a modest ATP-dependent helicase activity in vitro. Consistent with the hypothesis that eukaryotic Mcm complexes function as helicases, an archaeal Mcm homolog is a ring-shaped double hexamer that has a processive DNA unwinding activity. Mcm proteins may have additional functions during elongation, as uninterrupted function of all six is required for replication fork progression in budding yeast. Mcm4,6,7 helicase activity may be negatively regulated in two ways. Mcm2, Mcm4, Mcm6, and Mcm7 also form a stable complex which, however, has no helicase activity, suggesting that Mcm2 inhibits DNA unwinding by Mcm4,6,7. In addition, phosphorylation of human Mcm4,6,7 complex by CDK inhibits its helicase activity.
REACT_132 (Reactome) At the beginning of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'Cyclin D1:Cdk4', and 1 molecule of 'ATP' are present. At the end of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'phospho(T286)-Cyclin D1:Cdk4', and 1 molecule of 'ADP' are present.

This reaction takes place in the 'nucleus' and is mediated by the 'kinase activity' of 'glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta'.

REACT_149 (Reactome) Polymerase switching is a key event that allows the processive synthesis of DNA by the pol delta and PCNA complex. Polymerase delta possesses polymerization and proofreading activities, which increases the overall fidelity of DNA replication. The pol delta holoenzyme is a heterotetrameric complex that contains p125, p66, p50, and p12 subunits, in human cells.
REACT_150144 (Reactome) Acetyltransferases ESCO1 and ESCO2 are homologs of the S. cerevisiae acetyltransferase Eco1, essential for viability in yeast. ESCO1 and ESCO2 share sequence homology in the C-terminal region, consisting of a H2C2 zinc finger motif and an acetyltransferase domain (Hou and Zou 2005). Both ESCO1 and ESCO2 acetylate the cohesin subunit SMC3 on two lysine residues, K105 and K106 (Zhang et al. 2008), an important step in the establishment of sister-chromatid cohesion during the S-phase of the cell cycle. Divergent N-termini of ESCO1 and ESCO2, necessary for chromatin binding, suggest that ESCO1 and ESCO2 may perform distinct functions in sister chromatid cohesion (Hou and Zou 2005). Several studies suggest that ESCO2 may be predominantly involved in acetylation of the SMC3 subunit of centromeric cohesin. A conditional targeting of Esco2 locus in mice leads to pre-implantational loss of homozygous Esco2 -/- embryos at the eight-cell stage. Prometaphase chromosomes isolated from two-cell stage Esco2 knockout embryos show marked cohesion defect at centromeres (Whelan et al. 2012). ESCO2 protein appears in the S-phase (Hou and Zou 2005, Whelan et al. 2012) and in mouse embryonic fibroblasts Esco2 predominantly localizes to pericentric heterochromatin (Whelan et al. 2012). Mutations in the ESCO2 gene (Vega et al. 2005) that impair ESCO2 acetyltransferase activity (Gordillo et al. 2008) are the cause of the Roberts syndrome, an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by craniofacial and limb abnormalities, and intellectual disability. Metaphase chromosomes of Roberts syndrome patients exhibit loss of cohesion at heterochromatic regions of centromeres and the Y chromosome, with a characteristic 'railroad track appearance' (Van den Berg and Francke 1993, Vega et al. 2005).
REACT_150264 (Reactome) CDCA5 (Sororin) is essential for the establishment of sister chromatid cohesion in mammalian cells (Rankin et al. 2005) in the S-phase of the cell cycle (Nishiyama et al. 2010). Several factors contribute to the recruitment of CDCA5 to chromatin-associated cohesin: DNA replication (i.e. presence of two sister chromatids), association of cohesin complex with PDS5, and acetylation of the SMC3 cohesin subunit by ESCO1/ESCO2 acetyltransferases. Experiments in which a recombinant tagged mouse CDCA5 was expressed in human HeLa cell line showed that CDCA5 starts to accumulate on chromatin in S-phase and dissociates from chromosomal arms in prophase (Nishiyama et al. 2010).

CDCA5 is essential for the establishment of chromosomal cohesion only in the presence of WAPAL, suggesting that the key role of CDCA5 (Sororin) is to antagonize WAPAL. Both CDCA5 and WAPAL contain an FGF (phenylalanine-glycine-phenylalanine) motif that is essential for PDS5 binding and is also essential for CDCA5 function in cohesion establishment. Indeed, CDCA5 is able to displace WAPAL from PDS5:WAPAL heterodimers in vitro. In vivo experiments in Xenopus egg extracts suggest that CDCA5 rearranges the topology of cohesin associated proteins so that WAPAL is no longer able to inhibit sister chromatid cohesion but remains associated with cohesin (Nishiyama et al. 2010).
REACT_150445 (Reactome) CDCA5 (Sororin) is essential for the establishment of sister chromatid cohesion at centromeres. Experiments in which a recombinant tagged mouse CDCA5 was expressed in human HeLa cell line showed that CDCA5 starts to accumulate on chromatin in S-phase and dissociates from centromeres in anaphase (Nishiyama et al. 2010).
REACT_150456 (Reactome) Acetyltransferases ESCO1 and ESCO2 are homologs of the S. cerevisiae acetyltransferase Eco1, essential for viability in yeast. ESCO1 and ESCO2 share sequence homology in the C-terminal region, consisting of a H2C2 zinc finger motif and an acetyltransferase domain (Hou and Zou 2005). Both ESCO1 and ESCO2 acetylate the cohesin subunit SMC3 on two lysine residues, K105 and K106 (Zhang et al. 2008), an important step in the establishment of sister-chromatid cohesion during the S-phase of the cell cycle. These dual acetylations on SMC3 are deacetylated by HDAC8 after the cohesin removal from chromatin for the dissociation and recycling of cohesin subunits (Deardorff et al. 2012). ESCO1 and ESCO2 differ in their N-termini, which are necessary for chromatin binding, and may perform distinct functions in sister chromatid cohesion (Hou and Zou 2005), as suggested by the study of Esco2 knockout mice (Whelan et al. 2012).
REACT_1572 (Reactome) When the polymerase delta:PCNA complex reaches a downstream Okazaki fragment, strand displacement synthesis occurs. The primer containing 5'-terminus of the downstream Okazaki fragment is folded into a single-stranded flap.
REACT_1611 (Reactome) At the beginning of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'DNA polymerase alpha:primase:DNA polymerase alpha:origin complex', and 1 molecule of 'NTP' are present. At the end of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'DNA polymerase epsilon', and 1 molecule of 'RNA primer:origin duplex:DNA polymerase alpha:primase complex' are present.

This reaction takes place in the 'nucleus' and is mediated by the 'DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity' of 'DNA polymerase alpha:primase'.

REACT_1626 (Reactome) At the beginning of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'ubiquitin', and 1 molecule of 'phosphorylated Orc1' are present. At the end of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'ubiquitinated Orc1' is present.

This reaction takes place in the 'nucleus'.

REACT_1673 (Reactome) At the beginning of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'phosphorylated Cdc6', 1 molecule of 'ubiquitin', and 1 molecule of 'ATP' are present. At the end of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'ubiquitinated Cdc6' is present.

This reaction takes place in the 'cytosol' and is mediated by the 'endopeptidase activity' of 'anaphase-promoting complex (APC)'.

REACT_1871 (Reactome) Once the RNA-DNA primer is synthesized, replication factor C (RFC) initiates a reaction called "polymerase switching"; pol delta, the processive enzyme replaces pol alpha, the priming enzyme. RFC binds to the 3'-end of the RNA-DNA primer on the Primosome, to displace the pol alpha primase complex. The binding of RFC triggers the binding of the primer recognition complex.
REACT_1889 (Reactome) Removal of the flap by FEN-1 leads to the generation of a nick between the 3'-end of the upstream Okazaki fragment and the 5'-end of the downstream Okazaki fragment. DNA ligase I then seals the nicks between adjacent processed Okazaki fragments to generate intact double-stranded DNA.
REACT_1994 (Reactome) The binding of the primer recognition complex involves the loading of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Replication Factor C transiently opens the PCNA toroid in an ATP-dependent reaction, and then allows PCNA to re-close around the double helix adjacent to the primer terminus. This leads to the formation of the "sliding clamp".
REACT_2024 (Reactome) The remaining flap, which is too short to support RPA binding, is then processed by FEN-1. There is evidence that binding of RPA to the displaced end of the RNA-containing Okazaki fragment prevents FEN-1 from accessing the substrate. FEN-1 is a structure-specific endonuclease that cleaves near the base of the flap at a position one nucleotide into the annealed region. Biochemical studies have shown that the preferred substrate for FEN-1 consists of a one-nucleotide 3'-tail on the upstream primer in addition to the 5'-flap of the downstream primer.
REACT_2026 (Reactome) The first step in the removal of the flap intermediate is the binding of Replication Protein A (RPA) to the long flap structure. RPA is a eukaryotic single-stranded DNA binding protein.
REACT_210 (Reactome) In this reaction, 1 molecule of 'ubiquitinated Orc1' is translocated from nucleoplasm to cytosol.

This movement of the molecule occurs through the 'nuclear pore'.

REACT_2111 (Reactome) At the beginning of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'ATP', and 1 molecule of 'pre-replicative complex' are present. At the end of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'phosphorylated Orc1', 1 molecule of 'pre-replicative complex (Orc1-minus)', and 1 molecule of 'ADP' are present.

This reaction takes place in the 'nucleus' and is mediated by the 'kinase activity' of 'Cyclin A:Cdk2 complex'.

REACT_2142 (Reactome) Phosphorylated Cyclin D1 is degraded during S phase by the 26S proteasome allowing for efficient DNA synthesis.
REACT_315 (Reactome) The Dna2 endonuclease removes the initiator RNA along with several downstream deoxyribonucleotides. The cleavage of the single-stranded RNA substrate results in the disassembly of RPA and Dna2. The current data for the role of the Dna2 endonuclease has been derived from studies with yeast and Xenopus Dna2.
REACT_351 (Reactome) Replication factor C is proposed to dissociate from PCNA following sliding clamp formation, and the DNA toroid alone tethers pol delta to the DNA.
REACT_448 (Reactome) In this reaction, 1 molecule of 'phosphorylated Cdc6' is translocated from nucleoplasm to cytosol.

This movement of the molecule occurs through the 'nuclear pore'.

REACT_480 (Reactome) At the beginning of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'ubiquitinated Orc1' is present. At the end of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'ubiquitin' is present.

This reaction takes place in the 'cytosol' and is mediated by the 'endopeptidase activity' of '26S proteasome'.

REACT_6747 (Reactome) At the beginning of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'PSF3p', 1 molecule of 'SLD5P', 1 molecule of 'PSF2p', and 1 molecule of 'PSF1p' are present. At the end of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'GINS complex' is present.

This reaction takes place in the 'nucleus'.

REACT_6768 (Reactome) The MCM2-7 related protein, MCM8, is required to replicate chromosomal DNA in Xenopus egg extracts. MCM8 binds chromatin upon initiation of DNA synthesis. It may function as an helicase in the elongation step.
REACT_6922 (Reactome) In budding yeast, all MCM proteins have been proved to be essential for elongation. The active form of this protein complex may be a heterohexamer. A subcomplex of MCM proteins consisting fo MCM4,6, and -7 has a weak helicase activity that may contribute to DNA unwinding.
REACT_6963 (Reactome) By applying the chromatin immunoprecipitation technique to paused forks, certain proteins like DNA pol alpha, DNA pol delta, DNA pol epsilon, MCM2-7, CDC45, GINS and MCM10 were identified. By uncoupling a helicase at the site using a polymerase inhibitor, MCM2-7, GINS complex and CDC45 alone were found to be enriched at the paused fork suggesting these proteins may form a part of an "unwindosome" at the replicating fork.
REACT_715 (Reactome) Cyclin D is targeted for degradation by multi-ubiquitination.
REACT_752 (Reactome) In this reaction, 1 molecule of 'phospho(T286)-Cyclin D1:Cdk4' is translocated from nucleoplasm to cytosol.

This reaction takes place in the 'nuclear envelope'.

REACT_8995 (Reactome) Recognition of p27 by SCF(Skp2) and the subsequent ubiquitination of p27 is dependent upon Cyclin E/A:Cdk2-mediated phosphorylation of p27 at Thr 187 (Montagnoli et al., 1999). p21 is also phosphorylated at a specific site (Ser130) by Cyclin E/A:Cdk2, stimulating its ubiquitination. Unlike p27, however, p21 ubiquitination can take place in the absence of phosphorylation, although with less efficiency (Bornstein et al.,2003).
REACT_8996 (Reactome) During G1 phase of the cell cycle, cyclin A is synthesized and associates with Cdk2.
REACT_8998 (Reactome) The interaction between the Skp2 subunit of the SCF(Skp2) complex and p27 is dependent upon Cdk2:Cyclin A/E mediated phosphorylation of p27 at Thr 187 (Carrano et al, 1999; Tsvetkov et al, 1999). There is evidence that Cyclin A/B:Cdk1 can also bind and phosphorylate p27 on Thr 187 (Nakayama et al., 2004). This phosphorylation is also essential for the subsequent ubiquitination of p27.
REACT_9005 (Reactome) During G1, the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) is kept in check by the CDK inhibitors (CKIs) p27 and p21, thereby preventing premature entry into S phase (see Guardavaccaro and Pagano, 2006).
REACT_9007 (Reactome) Active Cyclin A:Cdk2 complexes phosphorylate and inactivate proteins required for maintaining the G1/S phase including: Cdh1, RB1, p21 and p27. All this creates auto-amplification loops that render Cdk2 increasingly more active. In G2, Cdk2, in association with cyclin A, phosphorylates E2F1 and E2F3 resulting in the inactivation and possibly degradation of these two transcription factors (Dynlacht et al., 1994; Krek et al., 1994).
REACT_9013 (Reactome) The Myc/Max heterodimer binds to elements in the cdc25A gene and activates transcription in mid to late G1.
REACT_9017 (Reactome) The accessory protein, Cks1 promotes efficient interaction between phosphorylated p27 and the SCF (Skp2) complex (Ganoth et al., 2001; Spruck et al., 2001). Cks1 binds to Skp2 in the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain and C-terminal tail (Hao et al., 2005). The phosphorylated Thr187 side chain of p27 associates with a phosphate binding site on Cks1, and the side chain containing Glu185 is positioned in the interface between Skp2 and Cks1 where it interacts with both (Hao et al., 2005).
REACT_9026 (Reactome) Once in tight contact with the SCF (Skp2):Cks1 complex, phosphorylated p27/p21 is ubiquitinated.
REACT_9034 (Reactome) Following ubiquitination by the SCF(Skp2):Cks1 complex, phospho-p27/p21 is degraded by the 26S proteasome.
REACT_9043 (Reactome) p27 translocates to the nucleoplasm where it associates with CyclinE:Cdk2 complexes. Localization of p27 to the nucleus is necessary to inhibit Cdk activation by Cdk-activating kinase.
REACT_9057 (Reactome) The CDK activity of the Cyclin A:Cdk2 complex is inhibited by phosphorylation at Tyr 15, presumably by the Wee1 kinase.
REACT_9060 (Reactome) The association of Cks1 with both Skp2 and phosphorylated p27 promotes a tight interaction between p27 and the SCF complex (Hao et al., 2005).
REACT_9062 (Reactome) Cdc25A, and probably Cdc25B, regulate the entry into S phase cell cycle by removing inhibitory phosphates from the Cdk2 subunit of Cyclin A:Cdk2.
REACT_9065 (Reactome) After forming in the cytoplasm, the Cyclin A:Cdk2 complexes are translocated to the nucleus.
REACT_9068 (Reactome) p21 associates with and inhibits Cyclin:Cdk complexes in the nucleus.
REACT_9070 (Reactome) Phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) by the CDK-activating kinase (CAK) is required for the activation of the CDK kinase activity. The association of p21/p27 with the Cyclin A/E:Cdk2 complex prevents CAK mediated phosphorylation of Cdk2 (Aprelikova et al., 1995).
REACT_91 (Reactome) At the beginning of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'dTTP', 1 molecule of 'dGTP', 1 molecule of 'dATP', 1 molecule of 'RNA primer:origin duplex:DNA polymerase alpha:primase complex', and 1 molecule of 'dCTP' are present. At the end of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'RNA primer-DNA primer:origin duplex' is present.

This reaction takes place in the 'nucleus' and is mediated by the 'DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity' of 'DNA polymerase alpha:primase'.

RFC Heteropentamer

RNA primer-DNA primer origin duplex

PCNA homotrimer
ArrowREACT_1994 (Reactome)
RFC Heteropentamer

RNA primer-DNA primer

origin duplex
REACT_1994 (Reactome)
RFC HeteropentamerArrowREACT_351 (Reactome)
RFC HeteropentamerREACT_1871 (Reactome)
RNA primer

origin duplex DNA polymerase alpha

primase complex
ArrowREACT_1611 (Reactome)
RNA primer

origin duplex DNA polymerase alpha

primase complex
REACT_91 (Reactome)
RNA primer-DNA primer

origin duplex

PCNA
ArrowREACT_351 (Reactome)
RNA primer-DNA primer

origin duplex

PCNA
REACT_1009 (Reactome)
RNA primer-DNA primer

origin duplex

PCNA
REACT_149 (Reactome)
RNA primer-DNA primer origin duplexREACT_1871 (Reactome)
RPA heterotrimerArrowREACT_315 (Reactome)
RPA heterotrimerREACT_2026 (Reactome)
Replication ForkREACT_6963 (Reactome)
SCFArrowREACT_9034 (Reactome)
SCFREACT_9017 (Reactome)
SCFREACT_9060 (Reactome)
Sister CentromereREACT_150445 (Reactome)
Sister Chromosomal ArmREACT_150264 (Reactome)
UMPArrowREACT_315 (Reactome)
UbREACT_1673 (Reactome)
UbREACT_715 (Reactome)
Ubiquitin ligaseREACT_715 (Reactome)
WEE1REACT_9057 (Reactome)
anaphase-promoting complex REACT_1673 (Reactome)
dATPREACT_91 (Reactome)
dCTPREACT_91 (Reactome)
dGTPREACT_91 (Reactome)
dTTPREACT_91 (Reactome)
glycogen synthase kinase-3 betaREACT_132 (Reactome)
p-CDC6REACT_1673 (Reactome)
p-S,T-ORC1ArrowREACT_2111 (Reactome)
p-S,T-ORC1REACT_1626 (Reactome)
p-T286-CCND1REACT_715 (Reactome)
p21/p27REACT_9005 (Reactome)
phosphoArrowREACT_132 (Reactome)
pre-replicative complex ArrowREACT_2111 (Reactome)
pre-replicative complexREACT_2111 (Reactome)
ubiquitinArrowREACT_9034 (Reactome)
ubiquitinREACT_1626 (Reactome)
ubiquitinREACT_9026 (Reactome)
Personal tools