mRNA processing (Drosophila melanogaster)

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intronU65 G cap5Additional FactorsU4GUexon 2AAAAAAAU5snRNP Sm core complexSR-binding sites5U6 snRNPAGP-splicing factor SF3BNote: New participating members shown at each stepRNAi pathwayRegulation ofAlternative splicingCF IIPmRNA splice site selection5U1 snRNPmRNA splicing (major pathway)RNA helicase ARnmt (methyltransferase)YYYYexon 2hnRNPs65SF3b14bdegraded3U2 snRNPsexon 13U2AFRegulatorsSR protein kinasesU2 snRNP5Kinases Phosphorylating RS domains?U1 snRNPAGFormation of the active Spliceosomal C complexSR-proteinsCFIAGFormation of pre-mRNPsCF I5AAUAAAAdditional SR proteinsU2heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteinsU5 snRNP3hnRNP regulatorsPoly(A) polymerase alpha53splicing factor SF3AFormation of the Spliceosomal E complexU4/U6U4 snRNPInternal methylation of mRNA3Formation of the Spliceosomal B complex3SR-phosphatasesAGsnRNP Sm core complexYYYYU5CA5Methylation of mRNAUGProcessing of Intron-Containing Pre-mRNAAFormation of pre-mRNPsCap Binding5U2 snRNPpre-mRNAPutative Alternative Splicingexon 1exon 1SR-binding sitesAGmRNA cappingUGexon 2Formation of the Spliceosomal E complex5Additional Factorsexon 23CstFiPoYYYY3snRNP Sm core complexYYYYYYYY5Formation of the Spliceosomal B complexPolr2aexon 2CF IIFormation of the Spliceosomal A complexPoly(A) polSpt5Piexon 1ARNA helicaseFormation of the Spliceosomal C complexAPrimary RNA transcriptA5U4:U5:U6 tri-snRNP complex3Poly(A)-binding protein II3AInternal methylation of mRNA35AAccessory ProteinsU2AFPoly(A)pb IISR-proteinsYYYYexon 1U1SR-kinasesmRNA CappingSerine/Argenine Rich Proteins(SR)AGexon 1Formation of the Spliceosomal A complex3SR-proteinsexon 2SC35CG9373PCBP2Srp54CG10418CG3058SFRS10Hrb87Fl(1)G0007CG3689CG17838CSTF2FNBP3Spt5CG6695CG3605snfCG10418CG8877CG13900CG2807HNRPCU1 snRNAB52CG16941noibru-2RBMXCG18591SSFA1DebBRNU2RpII215bru-3mleSMC1NCBP2cpsfypsGMPHNRPKSSFA1snRNP70KhephCG13277SpxRbp1CG8877CG9548SF4SFRS5CG7698CG6015CG4849NONOU2af50CG11266CstF-50xl6HNRPH1DoaSFRS9CG10754mRNA-capping-enzymeDDX20baiCstF-64SRm160SNRPB2CG6015SmD3ATPCG10375Art8snRNP69DFUSIP1SFRS14CG5198aretMETTL3ClpCG8241CG10689Dcr-1CG4896HNRPH2CG5970CG6841HNRPDSFRS4HRMT1L2CG7028smPabp2PTBP2SNRPNCG11107U2AU4 snRNACG9924U5 snRNACLK4CG3436CG7757HNRPABcazCG6322CG10354Rnu6hrgDdx1CG1957CG1249CG17540l(2)35BdCbp80CLK3CLK1SF2CG6322HNRPA3P1CG11985CG9742SmBSNRPNHNRPA2B1su(f)sbr


Description

This process describes the conversion of precursor messenger RNA into mature messenger RNA (mRNA). The pre-mRNA molecule undergoes three main modifications. These modifications are 5' capping, 3' polyadenylation, and RNA splicing, which occur in the cell nucleus before the RNA is translated.

5' Capping: Capping of the pre-mRNA involves the addition of 7-methylguanosine (m7G) to the 5' end. The cap protects the 5' end of the primary RNA transcript from attack by ribonucleases that have specificity to the 3'5' phosphodiester bonds.

3' Processing: The pre-mRNA processing at the 3' end of the RNA molecule involves cleavage of its 3' end and then the addition of about 200 adenine residues to form a poly(A) tail. As the poly(A) tails is synthesised, it binds multiple copies of poly(A) binding protein, which protects the 3'end from ribonuclease digestion.

Splicing: RNA splicing is the process by which introns, regions of RNA that do not code for protein, are removed from the pre-mRNA and the remaining exons connected to re-form a single continuous molecule.

Description adapted from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-transcriptional_modification

Comments

GenMAPP notes 
Gene lists from obtained from InterPro 9-23-2003: Mm_RNA-binding region RNP-1 (RNA recognition motif)
GenMAPP remarks 
Adapted from http://www.reactome.org.

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Bibliography

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History

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CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
122788view00:23, 18 May 2022AlexanderPicocleaning up broken comments
106090view12:00, 16 August 2019MaintBotHMDB identifier normalization
77397view22:27, 5 September 2014MaintBotremoved homology mapp label
71970view00:15, 24 October 2013MaintBotremoved data source from nodes without identifier
69955view20:51, 11 July 2013MaintBotupdated to 2013 schema
67496view11:09, 26 June 2013DdiglesOntology Term : 'spliceosome pathway' added !
40887view22:34, 1 March 2011MaintBotRemoved redundant pathway information and comments
35255view20:06, 11 February 2010Khanspersfixed missing parts and connectors
35254view20:05, 11 February 2010KhanspersPeriodical save, work in progress
35246view19:54, 11 February 2010KhanspersModified description
20981view11:30, 14 November 2008MaintBot[[Pathway:Drosophila melanogaster:mRNA processing Reactome]] moved to [[Pathway:WP142]]: Moved to stable identifier
8534view14:02, 7 January 2008MaintBotAdded to category $category
8532view14:02, 7 January 2008NsalomonisUploaded new pathway

External references

DataNodes

View all...
NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
ATPMetabolite1927-31-7 (CAS)
Art8GeneProduct34528 (Entrez Gene)
B52GeneProduct41670 (Entrez Gene)
CG10354GeneProduct33964 (Entrez Gene)
CG10375GeneProduct42812 (Entrez Gene)
CG10418GeneProduct39408 (Entrez Gene)
CG10689GeneProduct35192 (Entrez Gene)
CG10754GeneProduct39456 (Entrez Gene)
CG11107GeneProduct35654 (Entrez Gene)
CG11266GeneProduct33989 (Entrez Gene)
CG11985GeneProduct50007 (Entrez Gene)
CG1249GeneProduct40781 (Entrez Gene)
CG13277GeneProduct35003 (Entrez Gene)
CG13900GeneProduct38093 (Entrez Gene)
CG16941GeneProduct42048 (Entrez Gene)
CG17540GeneProduct3355114 (Entrez Gene)
CG17838GeneProduct42460 (Entrez Gene)
CG18591GeneProduct34080 (Entrez Gene)
CG1957GeneProduct43426 (Entrez Gene)
CG2807GeneProduct33235 (Entrez Gene)
CG3058GeneProduct33645 (Entrez Gene)
CG3436GeneProduct33180 (Entrez Gene)
CG3605GeneProduct33514 (Entrez Gene)
CG3689GeneProduct39083 (Entrez Gene)
CG4849GeneProduct43358 (Entrez Gene)
CG4896GeneProduct33305 (Entrez Gene)
CG5198GeneProduct34432 (Entrez Gene)
CG5970GeneProduct36494 (Entrez Gene)
CG6015GeneProduct42593 (Entrez Gene)
CG6322GeneProduct39955 (Entrez Gene)
CG6695GeneProduct42937 (Entrez Gene)
CG6841GeneProduct40064 (Entrez Gene)
CG7028GeneProduct38032 (Entrez Gene)
CG7698GeneProduct42240 (Entrez Gene)
CG7757GeneProduct40172 (Entrez Gene)
CG8241GeneProduct36561 (Entrez Gene)
CG8877GeneProduct36304 (Entrez Gene)
CG9373GeneProduct41138 (Entrez Gene)
CG9548GeneProduct33909 (Entrez Gene)
CG9742GeneProduct32636 (Entrez Gene)
CG9924GeneProduct41704 (Entrez Gene)
CLK1GeneProductPMID: 15010457: Inhibitor John C. Bell, PhD

Professor, Depts. of Medicine and Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology University of Ottawa Career Scientist, Ottawa Regional Cancer Centre Associate Scientist, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute Telephone: 613-737-7700 ext 6893 Fax: 613-247-3524 Email: [email protected] The control of pre-mRNA splicing by the Clk kinase family

We are studying a family of kinases which we believe provide an interface between intracellular signaling networks and the post-transcriptional mechanism of mRNA splicing. We are performing a structure:function analysis of the three Clk family members to identify domains in the three proteins which are involved in regulating splicing. Using homologous recombination we are generating null strains of mice which are lacking one, two or all three Clk genes. The Clk kinases all possess dual specificity kinase activity and yeast expression systems are being used to produce large amounts of the kinase to perform a detailed analysis of the sites of serine, threonine and tyrosine autophosphorylation within the kinase.
CLK3GeneProduct
CLK4GeneProduct
CSTF2GeneProduct
Cbp80GeneProduct44409 (Entrez Gene)
ClpGeneProduct33259 (Entrez Gene)
CstF-50GeneProduct43734 (Entrez Gene)
CstF-64GeneProduct42239 (Entrez Gene)
DDX20GeneProduct
Dcr-1GeneProduct42693 (Entrez Gene)
Ddx1GeneProduct40457 (Entrez Gene)
DebBGeneProduct36314 (Entrez Gene)
DoaGeneProduct43415 (Entrez Gene)
FNBP3GeneProduct
FUSIP1GeneProduct
GMPMetaboliteHMDB01397 (HMDB)
HNRPA2B1GeneProduct
HNRPA3P1GeneProduct
HNRPABGeneProduct
HNRPCGeneProduct
HNRPDGeneProduct
HNRPH1GeneProduct
HNRPH2GeneProduct
HNRPKGeneProduct
HRMT1L2GeneProduct
Hrb87FGeneProduct48535 (Entrez Gene)
METTL3GeneProduct
NCBP2GeneProduct
NONOGeneProduct
PCBP2GeneProduct
PTBP2GeneProduct
Pabp2GeneProduct35788 (Entrez Gene)
RBMXGeneProduct
RNU2GeneProductGenBank sequence: K00027
Rbp1GeneProduct41294 (Entrez Gene)
Rnu6GeneProductGenBank sequence: M10329
RpII215GeneProduct32100 (Entrez Gene)
SC35GeneProduct53444 (Entrez Gene)
SF2GeneProduct53443 (Entrez Gene) Antagonist splicing factor
SF4GeneProductinferred from: SURP 2, G patch protein, UniProt:O60378
SFRS10GeneProduct
SFRS14GeneProduct
SFRS4GeneProduct
SFRS5GeneProduct
SFRS9GeneProductPMID: 12738786, PMID: 12024014 (associated with hnRNP A1 splicing)
SMC1GeneProduct42853 (Entrez Gene)
SNRPB2GeneProduct
SNRPNGeneProduct
SRm160GeneProduct39483 (Entrez Gene)
SSFA1GeneProduct
SmBGeneProduct34426 (Entrez Gene)
SmD3GeneProduct36306 (Entrez Gene)
Spt5GeneProduct53442 (Entrez Gene)
SpxGeneProduct31558 (Entrez Gene)
Srp54GeneProduct34312 (Entrez Gene) PMID: 14559993. SRrp86 is a unique member of the SR protein superfamily containing one RNA recognition motif and two serine-arginine (SR)-rich domains separated by an unusual glutamic acid-lysine (EK)-rich region. Previously, we showed that SRrp86 could regulate alternative splicing by both positively and negatively modulating the activity of other SR proteins and that the unique EK domain could inhibit both constitutive and alternative splicing. These functions were most consistent with the model in which SRrp86 functions by interacting with and thereby modulating the activity of target proteins. To identify the specific proteins that interact with SRrp86, we used a yeast two-hybrid library screen and immunoprecipitation coupled to mass spectrometry. We show that SRrp86 interacts with all of the core SR proteins, as well as a subset of other splicing regulatory proteins, including SAF-B, hnRNP G, YB-1, and p72. In contrast to previous results that showed activation of SRp20 by SRrp86, we now show that SAF-B, hnRNP G, and 9G8 all antagonize the activity of SRrp86. Overall, we conclude that not only does SRrp86 regulate SR protein activity but that it is, in turn, regulated by other splicing factors to control alternative splice site selection.
U1 snRNAGeneProductGenBank sequence: J00645
U2AGeneProduct35713 (Entrez Gene)
U2af50GeneProduct32602 (Entrez Gene)
U4 snRNAGeneProductGenBank sequence: M10328, M18004
U5 snRNAGeneProductGenBank sequence: AB021173
aretGeneProduct34648 (Entrez Gene)
baiGeneProduct42996 (Entrez Gene)
bru-2GeneProduct250811 (Entrez Gene)
bru-3GeneProduct39527 (Entrez Gene)
cazGeneProduct32587 (Entrez Gene)
cpsfGeneProduct44250 (Entrez Gene)
hephGeneProduct48571 (Entrez Gene)
hrgGeneProduct49636 (Entrez Gene)
l(1)G0007GeneProduct32373 (Entrez Gene)
l(2)35BdGeneProduct34877 (Entrez Gene)
mRNA-capping-enzymeGeneProduct32379 (Entrez Gene)
mleGeneProduct35523 (Entrez Gene)
noiGeneProduct40678 (Entrez Gene)
sbrGeneProduct43944 (Entrez Gene)
smGeneProduct37254 (Entrez Gene)
snRNP69DGeneProduct44668 (Entrez Gene)
snRNP70KGeneProduct33982 (Entrez Gene)
snfGeneProduct31442 (Entrez Gene)
su(f)GeneProduct3354994 (Entrez Gene)
xl6GeneProduct33967 (Entrez Gene)
ypsGeneProduct39377 (Entrez Gene)

Annotated Interactions

No annotated interactions
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