Signaling by leptin (Homo sapiens)

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1, 2, 5, 10-12, 14...30, 32, 49915153, 6, 16, 18, 527, 27, 42-44, 5444241520, 23, 24, 447, 59442433447, 46nucleoplasmcytosolp-Y546,Y584-PTPN11 SH2B1-2 IRS1 p-Y699-STAT5B LEPR-1 SH2B1-2 p-Y699-STAT5B ATPp-Y986,Y1079,Y1141-LEPR-1 LEP p-Y-IRS2 ATPATPp-5Y-JAK2 STAT3 STAT3LEP p-Y705-STAT3IRS2 p-Y986,Y1079,Y1141-LEPR-1 STAT5A STAT5A LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:p-STAT5p-Y986,Y1079,Y1141-LEPR-1 LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:SOCS3p-5Y-JAK2 LEP STAT5p-Y694-STAT5A LEP LEP p-5Y-JAK2 p-Y705-STAT3 dimerADPp-Y986,Y1079,Y1141-LEPR-1 p-STAT5p-Y986,Y1079,Y1141-LEPR-1 LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:STAT3p-5Y-JAK2 LEP LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:SH2B1IRS2 p-Y-IRS1 p-Y694-STAT5A IRS1,2p-5Y-JAK2 p-Y986,Y1079,Y1141-LEPR-1 ADPp-5Y-JAK2 SH2B1-2ADPADPp-Y699-STAT5B p-5Y-JAK2 LEPSTAT5B LEP:LEPR:p-JAK2STAT5B ATPLEP p-5Y-JAK2 p-Y986,Y1079,Y1141-LEPR-1 p-Y986,Y1079,Y1141-LEPR-1 LEP:LEPR:JAK2p-5Y-JAK2 LEPR-1 p-5Y-JAK2 LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:STAT5LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:SH2B1:p-IRS1,2LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2JAK2 p-Y705-STAT3 dimerLEPR:JAK2LEP p-5Y-JAK2 IRS1 ADPp-Y699-STAT5B p-Y694-STAT5A SOCS3p-Y986,Y1079,Y1141-LEPR-1 LEP LEP LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:SHP2p-Y694-STAT5A ADPp-Y986,Y1079,Y1141-LEPR-1 p-Y705-STAT3 PTPN11 LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:p-STAT3LEP PTPN11p-STAT5 dimerLEPR-1 p-Y705-STAT3 JAK2 LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:p-SHP2ATPp-STAT5 dimerSH2B1-2 LEP LEP SOCS3 RAF/MAP kinasecascadep-Y705-STAT3 LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:SH2B1:IRS1,2p-Y986,Y1079,Y1141-LEPR-1 ATPp-5Y-JAK2 23, 2423, 2423, 2423, 244, 8, 13, 22, 25...23, 2423, 244423, 2441, 604423, 2441, 6023, 2423, 24444423, 24


Description

Leptin (LEP, OB, OBS), a circulating adipokine, and its receptor LEPR (DB, OBR) control food intake and energy balance and are implicated in obesity-related diseases (recently reviewed in Amitani et al. 2013, Dunmore and Brown 2013, Cottrell and Mercer 2012, La Cava 2012, Marroqui et al. 2012, Paz-Filho et al. 2012, Denver et al. 2011, Lee 2011, Marino et al. 2011, Morton and Schwartz 2011, Scherer and Buettner 2011, Shan and Yeo 2011, Wauman and Tavernier 2011, Dardeno et al. 2010, Bjorbaek 2009, Morris and Rui 2009, Myers et al. 2008), including cancer (Guo et al. 2012), inflammation (Newman and Gonzalez-Perez 2013, Iikuni et al. 2008), and angiogenesis (Gonzalez-Perez et al. 2013).
The identification of spontaneous mutations in the leptin gene (ob or LEP) and the leptin receptor gene (Ob-R, db or LEPR) genes in mice opened up a new field in obesity research. Leptin was discovered as the product of the gene affected by the ob (obesity) mutation, which causes obesity in mice. Likewise LEPR is the product of the gene affected by the db (diabetic) mutation. Leptin binding to LEPR induces canonical (JAK2/STATs; MAPK/ERK 1/2, PI-3K/AKT) and non-canonical signaling pathways (PKC, JNK, p38 MAPK and AMPK) in diverse cell types. The binding of leptin to the long isoform of LEPR (OB-Rl) initiates a phosphorylation cascade that results in transcriptional activation of target genes by STAT5 and STAT3 and activation of the PI3K pathway(not shown here), the MAPK/ERK pathway, and the mTOR/S6K pathway. Shorter LEPR isoforms with truncated intracellular domains are unable to activate the STAT pathway, but can transduce signals by way of activation of JAK2, IRS-1 or ERKs, including MAPKs.
LEPR is constitutively bound to the JAK2 kinase. Binding of LEP to LEPR causes a conformational change in LEPR that activates JAK2 autophosphorylation followed by phosphorylation of LEPR by JAK2. Phosphorylated LEPR binds STAT3, STAT5, and SHP2 which are then phosphorylated by JAK2. Phosphorylated JAK2 binds SH2B1 which then binds IRS1/2, resulting in phosphorylation of IRS1/2 by JAK2. Phosphorylated STAT3 and STAT5 dimerize and translocate to the nucleus where they activate transcription of target genes (Jovanovic et al. 2010). SHP2 activates the MAPK pathway. IRS1/2 activate the PI3K/AKT pathway which may be the activator of mTOR/S6K.
Several isoforms of LEPR have been identified (reviewed in Gorska et al. 2010). The long isoform (LEPRb, OBRb) is expressed in the hypothalamus and all types of immune cells. It is the only isoform known to fully activate signaling pathways in response to leptin. Shorter isoforms (LEPRa, LEPRc, LEPRd, and a soluble isoform LEPRe) are able to interact with JAK kinases and activate other pathways, however their roles in energy homeostasis are not fully characterized. View original pathway at:Reactome.

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Bibliography

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History

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CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
116654view11:44, 9 May 2021EweitzModified title
115090view17:04, 25 January 2021ReactomeTeamReactome version 75
113532view12:01, 2 November 2020ReactomeTeamReactome version 74
112730view16:13, 9 October 2020ReactomeTeamReactome version 73
101646view11:51, 1 November 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 66
101182view21:38, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 65
100708view20:10, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 64
100258view16:56, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 63
99811view15:20, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 62 (2nd attempt)
99355view12:48, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 62
93833view13:39, 16 August 2017ReactomeTeamreactome version 61
93387view11:22, 9 August 2017ReactomeTeamreactome version 61
87176view19:54, 18 July 2016EgonwOntology Term : 'signaling pathway' added !
86473view09:19, 11 July 2016ReactomeTeamreactome version 56
83169view10:15, 18 November 2015ReactomeTeamVersion54
81538view13:04, 21 August 2015ReactomeTeamNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

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NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
ADPMetaboliteCHEBI:16761 (ChEBI)
ATPMetaboliteCHEBI:15422 (ChEBI)
IRS1 ProteinP35568 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
IRS1,2ComplexR-HSA-198273 (Reactome) The proteins mentioned here are examples of IRS family members acting as indicated for IRS. More family members are to be confirmed and added in the future.
IRS2 ProteinQ9Y4H2 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
JAK2 ProteinO60674 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
LEP ProteinP41159 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
LEP:LEPR:JAK2ComplexR-HSA-2586512 (Reactome)
LEP:LEPR:p-JAK2ComplexR-HSA-2586521 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:SH2B1:IRS1,2ComplexR-HSA-2671846 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:SH2B1:p-IRS1,2ComplexR-HSA-2671844 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:SH2B1ComplexR-HSA-2671848 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:SHP2ComplexR-HSA-2671758 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:SOCS3ComplexR-HSA-2672301 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:STAT3ComplexR-HSA-2671864 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:STAT5ComplexR-HSA-2671867 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:p-SHP2ComplexR-HSA-2671749 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:p-STAT3ComplexR-HSA-2671874 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:p-STAT5ComplexR-HSA-2671835 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2ComplexR-HSA-2586541 (Reactome)
LEPProteinP41159 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
LEPR-1 ProteinP48357-1 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
LEPR:JAK2ComplexR-HSA-2586523 (Reactome)
PTPN11 ProteinQ06124 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PTPN11ProteinQ06124 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RAF/MAP kinase cascadePathwayR-HSA-5673001 (Reactome) The RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway regulates processes such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, senescence and cell motility in response to growth factors, hormones and cytokines, among others. Binding of these stimuli to receptors in the plasma membrane promotes the GEF-mediated activation of RAS at the plasma membrane and initiates the three-tiered kinase cascade of the conventional MAPK cascades. GTP-bound RAS recruits RAF (the MAPK kinase kinase), and promotes its dimerization and activation (reviewed in Cseh et al, 2014; Roskoski, 2010; McKay and Morrison, 2007; Wellbrock et al, 2004). Activated RAF phosphorylates the MAPK kinase proteins MEK1 and MEK2 (also known as MAP2K1 and MAP2K2), which in turn phophorylate the proline-directed kinases ERK1 and 2 (also known as MAPK3 and MAPK1) (reviewed in Roskoski, 2012a, b; Kryiakis and Avruch, 2012). Activated ERK proteins may undergo dimerization and have identified targets in both the nucleus and the cytosol; consistent with this, a proportion of activated ERK protein relocalizes to the nucleus in response to stimuli (reviewed in Roskoski 2012b; Turjanski et al, 2007; Plotnikov et al, 2010; Cargnello et al, 2011). Although initially seen as a linear cascade originating at the plasma membrane and culminating in the nucleus, the RAS/RAF MAPK cascade is now also known to be activated from various intracellular location. Temporal and spatial specificity of the cascade is achieved in part through the interaction of pathway components with numerous scaffolding proteins (reviewed in McKay and Morrison, 2007; Brown and Sacks, 2009).
The importance of the RAS/RAF MAPK cascade is highlighted by the fact that components of this pathway are mutated with high frequency in a large number of human cancers. Activating mutations in RAS are found in approximately one third of human cancers, while ~8% of tumors express an activated form of BRAF (Roberts and Der, 2007; Davies et al, 2002; Cantwell-Dorris et al, 2011).
SH2B1-2 ProteinQ9NRF2-2 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
SH2B1-2ProteinQ9NRF2-2 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
SOCS3 ProteinO14543 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
SOCS3ProteinO14543 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
STAT3 ProteinP40763 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
STAT3ProteinP40763 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
STAT5A ProteinP42229 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
STAT5B ProteinP51692 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
STAT5ComplexR-HSA-452094 (Reactome)
p-5Y-JAK2 ProteinO60674 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-STAT5 dimerComplexR-HSA-507919 (Reactome)
p-STAT5 dimerComplexR-HSA-508012 (Reactome)
p-STAT5ComplexR-HSA-507929 (Reactome)
p-Y-IRS1 ProteinP35568 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-Y-IRS2 ProteinQ9Y4H2 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-Y546,Y584-PTPN11 ProteinQ06124 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-Y694-STAT5A ProteinP42229 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-Y699-STAT5B ProteinP51692 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-Y705-STAT3 ProteinP40763 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-Y705-STAT3 dimerComplexR-HSA-1112525 (Reactome)
p-Y705-STAT3 dimerComplexR-HSA-1112526 (Reactome)
p-Y705-STAT3ProteinP40763 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-Y986,Y1079,Y1141-LEPR-1 ProteinP48357-1 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)

Annotated Interactions

View all...
SourceTargetTypeDatabase referenceComment
ADPArrowR-HSA-2586553 (Reactome)
ADPArrowR-HSA-2586555 (Reactome)
ADPArrowR-HSA-2671742 (Reactome)
ADPArrowR-HSA-2671829 (Reactome)
ADPArrowR-HSA-2671850 (Reactome)
ADPArrowR-HSA-2671862 (Reactome)
ATPR-HSA-2586553 (Reactome)
ATPR-HSA-2586555 (Reactome)
ATPR-HSA-2671742 (Reactome)
ATPR-HSA-2671829 (Reactome)
ATPR-HSA-2671850 (Reactome)
ATPR-HSA-2671862 (Reactome)
IRS1,2R-HSA-2671873 (Reactome)
LEP:LEPR:JAK2ArrowR-HSA-2586559 (Reactome)
LEP:LEPR:JAK2R-HSA-2586555 (Reactome)
LEP:LEPR:JAK2mim-catalysisR-HSA-2586555 (Reactome)
LEP:LEPR:p-JAK2ArrowR-HSA-2586555 (Reactome)
LEP:LEPR:p-JAK2R-HSA-2586553 (Reactome)
LEP:LEPR:p-JAK2mim-catalysisR-HSA-2586553 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:SH2B1:IRS1,2ArrowR-HSA-2671873 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:SH2B1:IRS1,2R-HSA-2671862 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:SH2B1:p-IRS1,2ArrowR-HSA-2671862 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:SH2B1ArrowR-HSA-2671872 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:SH2B1R-HSA-2671873 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:SHP2ArrowR-HSA-2671747 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:SHP2R-HSA-2671742 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:SHP2mim-catalysisR-HSA-2671742 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:SOCS3ArrowR-HSA-2672302 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:SOCS3TBarR-HSA-2586555 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:STAT3ArrowR-HSA-2671868 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:STAT3R-HSA-2671850 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:STAT3mim-catalysisR-HSA-2671850 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:STAT5ArrowR-HSA-2671855 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:STAT5R-HSA-2671829 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:STAT5mim-catalysisR-HSA-2671829 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:p-SHP2ArrowR-HSA-2671742 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:p-STAT3ArrowR-HSA-2671850 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:p-STAT3R-HSA-2671839 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:p-STAT5ArrowR-HSA-2671829 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2:p-STAT5R-HSA-2671876 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2ArrowR-HSA-2586553 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2ArrowR-HSA-2671839 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2ArrowR-HSA-2671876 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2R-HSA-2671747 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2R-HSA-2671855 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2R-HSA-2671868 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2R-HSA-2671872 (Reactome)
LEP:p-LEPR:p-JAK2R-HSA-2672302 (Reactome)
LEPR-HSA-2586559 (Reactome)
LEPR:JAK2R-HSA-2586559 (Reactome)
PTPN11R-HSA-2671747 (Reactome)
R-HSA-2586553 (Reactome) Phosphorylated JAK2 phosphorylates the Leptin receptor (LEPR or OB-Rl, long isoform) at multiple tyrosine residues in the C-terminal, cytoplasmic domain (Bjorbaek et al. 1997, White et al. 1997, Ghilardi and Skoda 1997, Carpenter et al. 1998). The phosphotyrosines residues of LEPR then act as docking sites for downstream effectors STAT5, STAT3, SHP2, SH2B1, and SOCS3.
R-HSA-2586555 (Reactome) As inferred from mouse, binding of Leptin (LEP) to the Leptin receptor (LEPR) causes a conformational change in LEPR that activates autophosphorylation of JAK2 at multiple tyrosine residues. Phosphorylated JAK2 has much higher kinase activity than unphosphorylated JAK2.
R-HSA-2586559 (Reactome) Analysis of a structural model of the Leptin-LEPR complex using as a basis the complex formed by granulocyte-colony stimulator factor (GCSF) and its receptor G-CSF R (Hiroike et al., 2000) suggested that helices I and III of the human leptin structure were likely sites of interaction with the cytokine binding domain of leptin receptor (Gonzalez and Leavis, 2003). It is believed that the Leptin receptor (LEPR) is a dimer constitutively bound in a complex with JAK2 kinase (Couturier and Jockers 2003). It has been proposed that one molecule of Leptin binds each monomer of LEPR (Luoh et al. 1997, Mistrik et al. 2004), however these suggestions need further proof becasue the structure of the Leptin:LEPR complex has not yet been solved.
R-HSA-2671742 (Reactome) Phosphorylated JAK2 in the LEP:LEPR:JAK2:SHP2 complex phosphorylates SHP2 (Carpenter et al. 1998). Phosphorylated SHP2, in turn, activates the RAS-MAPK signaling pathway, possibly via GRB2:SOS.
R-HSA-2671747 (Reactome) SHP2 (PTPN11) interacts with phosphotyrosine-986 of the phosphorylated Leptin receptor (LEPR) (Carpenter et al. 1998). The corresponding site in mouse is phosphotyrosine-985 and in rat phosphotyrosine-986.
SHP2 and SOCS3 compete for the same binding site on LEPR. SHP2 activates MAPK signaling, probably by recruiting GRB2:SOS which activates RAS.
R-HSA-2671829 (Reactome) Phosphorylated JAK2 phosphorylates STAT5 (at phosphotyrosine-694 of STAT5A and probably at the homologous residue in STAT5B) while STAT5 and JAK2 are bound to LEPR (Briscoe et al. 2001).
R-HSA-2671839 (Reactome) Phosphorylated STAT3 dissociates from LEPR in the LEP:LEPR:JAK2 complex, dimerizes, and translocates to the nucleus.
R-HSA-2671850 (Reactome) Phosphorylated JAK2 in the LEP:LEPR:JAK2:STAT3 complex phosphorylates STAT3 at tyrosine-705 (Bjorbaek et al. 1997).
R-HSA-2671855 (Reactome) STAT5 interacts with phosphotyrosine-1079 of LEPR in the LEP:LEPR:JAK2 complex, bringing STAT5 in proximity to the JAK2 kinase (Briscoe et al. 2001).
R-HSA-2671862 (Reactome) JAK2 phosphorylates IRS1/2 after IRS1/2 binds SH2B1 in the LEP:LEPR:JAK2:SH2B1 complex (Martin-Romero and Sanchez-Margalet 2001, Li et al. 2007). However, in some cells leptin may only affect phosphorylation of IRS1/2 when insulin signaling subsequently occurs (Szanto and Kahn 2000). As inferred from mouse and rat (Buettner et al. 2008, Hill et al. 2008) phosphorylated IRS1/2 then activates PI3K independently of STAT3 signaling.
R-HSA-2671868 (Reactome) STAT3 binds phosphotyrosine-1141 of the C-terminal, cytoplasmic region of LEPR (Bjorbaek et al. 1997). Only the long isoform of LEPR has tyrosine-1141 and consequently only the long isoform of LEPR activates STAT3. Short isoforms of LEPR exist but their function is uncertain. Shorter LEPR isoforms bind JAK2 and can signal through IRS-1 or ERKs, including MAPKs (Bjorbaek et al. 1997).
R-HSA-2671872 (Reactome) The SH2 domain of SH2B1 binds phosphotyrosine-813 of JAK2 (Nishi et al. 2005, Li et al. 2007). Binding of SH2B1 to JAK2 enhances leptin-induced JAK2 activity. SH2B1 also recruits IRS1 for phosphorylation by JAK2 (Li et al. 2007).
R-HSA-2671873 (Reactome) SH2B1 in the LEP:LEPR:JAK2:SH2B1 complex can bind either IRS1 or IRS2 (Duan et al. 2004, Li et al. 2007). The binding brings IRS1/2 into proximity with JAK2 for phosphorylation.
R-HSA-2671876 (Reactome) Phosphorylated STAT5 dissociates from LEPR, dimerizes, and then translocates to the nucleus.
R-HSA-2672302 (Reactome) As inferred from mouse, SOCS3 binds LEPR at phosphotyrosine-986 and phosphotyrosine-1079. SOCS3 competes with SHP2 (PTPN11) for phosphotyrosine-986 and with STAT5 for phosphotyrosine-1079. SOCS3 expression is upregulated by leptin and SOCS3 downregulates prolonged leptin signaling, providing a feedback loop to limit leptin's action.
R-HSA-2730595 (Reactome) As inferred from mouse, both non-phosphorylated and phosphorylated STAT3 can form dimers and enter the nucleus. Phosphorylation of STAT3 appears to change the equilibrium between these states, causing accumulation of phosphorylated STAT3 in the nucleus. Phosphorylated STAT3 dimers also activate transcription more efficiently.
R-HSA-2730599 (Reactome) As inferred from mouse, both non-phosphorylated and phosphorylated STAT3 are imported and exported from the nucleus. Phosphorylation shifts the equilibrium distribution of STAT3 to the nucleus.
R-HSA-452102 (Reactome) The STAT5a and STAT5b forms are encoded by 2 closely-related genes. They are thought to be present largely as monomers in unstimulated cells but rapidly form homo- and hetero-dimers upon stimulation (Cella et al. 1998). Tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT monomers allows dimers to form through reciprocal phosphotyrosine-SH2 interactions. The dimers translocate to the nucleus and bind to STAT-specific DNA-response elements of target genes to induce gene transcription (Baker et al.2007). STAT5a/b homo- and hetero-tetramers have also been shown to occur downstream of IL-2 and may have a distinct or expanded target repertoire from STAT5a/b dimers. Although STAT5a and STAT5b are highly homologous at the DNA and protein levels, each has unique functions, as demonstrated by studies comparing mice lacking one isoform or the other. However, it is also known that STAT5a and STAT5b share a number of functions and that the phenotype of mice lacking both STAT5a and STAT5b is more severe than those lacking either one individually, which suggest that there may be some redundancy or that they cooperate in order to achieve the full spectrum of STAT5-dependent activities (Moriggl et al. 1999, Teglund et al. 1998).
R-HSA-507937 (Reactome) STAT5A and STAT5B dimers bind to similar core gamma-interferon activated sequence (GAS) motifs (Soldaini et al., 2000). STAT5a/b also form homo- and hetero-tetramers with distinct or expanded DNA-binding properties. Genes that are regulated by STAT5 include IL2RA (John et al. 1996), TNFSF11 (RANKL), Connexin-26 (GJB2) and Cyclin D1 (Hennighausen & Robinson, 2005). A comprehensive listing of hepatic STAT5b regulated genes is available from microarray/STAT5b knockout mice (Clodfelter et al. 2006), and similarly for STAT5-dependent genes regulated by the GH receptor (Rowland et al. 2005, Barclay et al. 2011).
SH2B1-2R-HSA-2671872 (Reactome)
SOCS3R-HSA-2672302 (Reactome)
STAT3R-HSA-2671868 (Reactome)
STAT5R-HSA-2671855 (Reactome)
p-STAT5 dimerArrowR-HSA-452102 (Reactome)
p-STAT5 dimerArrowR-HSA-507937 (Reactome)
p-STAT5 dimerR-HSA-507937 (Reactome)
p-STAT5ArrowR-HSA-2671876 (Reactome)
p-STAT5R-HSA-452102 (Reactome)
p-Y705-STAT3 dimerArrowR-HSA-2730595 (Reactome)
p-Y705-STAT3 dimerArrowR-HSA-2730599 (Reactome)
p-Y705-STAT3 dimerR-HSA-2730599 (Reactome)
p-Y705-STAT3ArrowR-HSA-2671839 (Reactome)
p-Y705-STAT3R-HSA-2730595 (Reactome)
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