Glucuronidation (Bos taurus)

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21D-GlucoseNADHAdenosine triphosphateGlucose 6-phosphateUridine 5'-diphosphateWaterGlucose 1-phosphatePGM2Adenosine 3',5'-diphosphateSubstratePGM3Uridine diphosphate glucoseUGDHPGM5NADHK1PGM1PhosphateUridine diphosphate glucuronic acid2H+UGP2Uridine triphosphatesubstrate-glucuronidePhosphateUGT2B17UGT1A4UGT1A8UGT2A3UGT1A6UGT2B15UGT2B4UGT2B10UGT1A10UGT1A5UGT2A1UGT1A1UGT1A9UGT2B28UGT2A2UGT2B7UGT2B11UGT1A3UGT1A7


Description

Metabolism of xenobiotic compounds consists of phase I and a phase II biotransformation reactions, being compound modification and conjugation reactions respectively. In phase I biotransformation, the compound is modificated via oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis, or other minor reactions, to reveal a reactive group to which a conjugation molecule can react to. In phase II, a small conjugation molecule reacts with the phase I modified molecule, producing a much more water-soluble molecule that can be excreted more easily. Glucuronidation is a phase II biotransformation reaction in which glucuronide acts as a conjugation molecule and binds to a substrate via the catalysis of glucuronosyltransferases. First, in a series of reactions the cosubstrate uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid (UDPGA) is formed. The glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) then catalyze the transfer of glucuronic acid from UDPGA to a substrate resulting in a glucuronidated substrate and leaving uridine 5'-diphosphate. UGTs are a very broad and divers group of enzymes and count as the most significant group of conjugation enzymes in xenobiotic metabolism, qualitatively because glucuronic acid can be coupled to a large diversity of functional groups and quantitatively because of the large and divers number of substrates that are formed.

Comments

HomologyConvert 
This pathway was inferred from Homo sapiens pathway WP698(79224) with a 73.0% conversion rate.

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Bibliography

  1. Wei Q, Galbenus R, Raza A, Cerny RL, Simpson MA; ''Androgen-stimulated UDP-glucose dehydrogenase expression limits prostate androgen availability without impacting hyaluronan levels.''; Cancer Res, 2009 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  2. Testa B, Kramer SD; ''The biochemistry of drug metabolism--an introduction: part 4. reactions of conjugation and their enzymes.''; Chem Biodivers, 2008 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia

History

CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
105978view11:50, 16 August 2019MaintBotHMDB identifier normalization
80805view15:26, 30 June 2015MkutmonNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

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NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
2H+MetaboliteCHEBI:15378 (ChEBI)
Adenosine 3',5'-diphosphateMetaboliteHMDB0000061 (HMDB)
Adenosine triphosphateMetaboliteHMDB0000538 (HMDB)
D-GlucoseMetaboliteHMDB0000122 (HMDB)
Glucose 1-phosphateMetaboliteHMDB0001586 (HMDB)
Glucose 6-phosphateMetaboliteHMDB0001401 (HMDB)
HK1GeneProductENSBTAG00000012380 (Ensembl) HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = En:ENSG00000156515
NADHMetaboliteHMDB0001487 (HMDB)
NADMetaboliteHMDB0000902 (HMDB)
PGM1GeneProductENSBTAG00000019011 (Ensembl) HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = En:ENSG00000079739
PGM2GeneProductENSBTAG00000005773 (Ensembl) HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = En:ENSG00000169299
PGM3GeneProductENSBTAG00000000679 (Ensembl) HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = En:ENSG00000013375
PGM5GeneProductENSBTAG00000033190 (Ensembl) HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = En:ENSG00000154330
PhosphateMetaboliteHMDB0001429 (HMDB)
SubstrateMetabolite
UGDHGeneProductENSBTAG00000014521 (Ensembl) HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = En:ENSG00000109814
UGP2GeneProductENSBTAG00000000111 (Ensembl) HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = En:ENSG00000169764
UGT1A10GeneProduct
UGT1A1GeneProductENSBTAG00000026181 (Ensembl) HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:54658
UGT1A3GeneProductENSBTAG00000048275 (Ensembl) HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:54659
UGT1A4GeneProductENSBTAG00000048275 (Ensembl) HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:54657
UGT1A5GeneProductENSBTAG00000048275 (Ensembl) HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:54579
UGT1A6GeneProduct
UGT1A7GeneProduct
UGT1A8GeneProduct
UGT1A9GeneProduct
UGT2A1GeneProductHomologyConvert: Multiple homologues found: En:ENSBTAG00000047198;En:ENSBTAG00000047198;
UGT2A2GeneProduct
UGT2A3GeneProductENSBTAG00000004040 (Ensembl) HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:79799
UGT2B10GeneProductENSBTAG00000040337 (Ensembl) HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:7365
UGT2B11GeneProductENSBTAG00000040337 (Ensembl) HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = En:ENSG00000213759
UGT2B15GeneProductENSBTAG00000040337 (Ensembl) HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:7366
UGT2B17GeneProductENSBTAG00000040337 (Ensembl) HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:7367
UGT2B28GeneProductENSBTAG00000040337 (Ensembl) HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:54490
UGT2B4GeneProductENSBTAG00000040337 (Ensembl) HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:7363
UGT2B7GeneProductENSBTAG00000040337 (Ensembl) HomologyConvert: Homo sapiens to Bos taurus: Original ID = L:7364
Uridine 5'-diphosphateMetaboliteHMDB0000295 (HMDB)
Uridine diphosphate glucoseMetaboliteHMDB0000286 (HMDB)
Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acidMetaboliteHMDB0000935 (HMDB)
Uridine triphosphateMetaboliteHMDB0000285 (HMDB)
WaterMetaboliteHMDB0002111 (HMDB)
substrate-glucuronideMetabolite

Annotated Interactions

No annotated interactions
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