Pyrophosphate hydrolysis (Homo sapiens)

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41, 2, 53mitochondrial matrixcytosolPPA1 dimerPPA1 PPiPPiH2OMg2+Mg2+PPA2 dimerPPA2 PiPiH2O1, 5


Description

Many biosynthetic reactions are coupled to the cleavage of ATP to yield AMP and pyrophosphate. These reactions are typically freely reversible when carried out with purified substrates and enzymes in vitro. In vivo, however, the pyrophosphate is rapdily and essentially irreversibly hydrolyzed by a ubiquitous inorganic pyrophosphatase. This hydrolysis has the effect of pulling the first reaction strongly in the direction of biosynthesis, at the expense of two high-energy phosphate bonds. Studies of human cells have identified two forms of the enzyme, one localized to the cytosol and the other to the mitochondrial matrix (Raja et al. 1981). View original pathway at Reactome.

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Reactome-Converter 
Pathway is converted from Reactome ID: 71737
Reactome-version 
Reactome version: 74
Reactome Author 
Reactome Author: D'Eustachio, Peter

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Bibliography

  1. Fisher RA, Turner BM, Dorkin HL, Harris H.; ''Studies on human erythrocyte inorganic pyrophosphatase.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  2. Curbo S, Lagier-Tourenne C, Carrozzo R, Palenzuela L, Lucioli S, Hirano M, Santorelli F, Arenas J, Karlsson A, Johansson M.; ''Human mitochondrial pyrophosphatase: cDNA cloning and analysis of the gene in patients with mtDNA depletion syndromes.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  3. Thuillier L.; ''Purification and kinetic properties of human erythrocyte Mg2+-dependent inorganic pyrophosphatase.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  4. Pynes GD, Younathan ES.; ''Purification and some properties of inorganic pyrophosphatase from human erythrocytes.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  5. Raja KB, Smith GP, Peters TJ.; ''Subcellular localization and properties of alkaline inorganic pyrophosphatase in human polymorphonuclear leucocytes.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia

History

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CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
114714view16:19, 25 January 2021ReactomeTeamReactome version 75
113159view11:22, 2 November 2020ReactomeTeamReactome version 74
112387view15:32, 9 October 2020ReactomeTeamReactome version 73
101291view11:17, 1 November 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 66
100828view20:48, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 65
100369view19:23, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 64
99916view16:07, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 63
99471view14:39, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 62 (2nd attempt)
99125view12:40, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 62
93264view11:18, 9 August 2017ReactomeTeamNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

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NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
H2OMetaboliteCHEBI:15377 (ChEBI)
Mg2+MetaboliteCHEBI:18420 (ChEBI)
PPA1 ProteinQ15181 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PPA1 dimerComplexR-HSA-71726 (Reactome)
PPA2 ProteinQ9H2U2 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PPA2 dimerComplexR-HSA-449923 (Reactome)
PPiMetaboliteCHEBI:29888 (ChEBI)
PiMetaboliteCHEBI:43474 (ChEBI)

Annotated Interactions

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SourceTargetTypeDatabase referenceComment
H2OR-HSA-449937 (Reactome)
H2OR-HSA-71732 (Reactome)
Mg2+ArrowR-HSA-449937 (Reactome)
Mg2+ArrowR-HSA-71732 (Reactome)
PPA1 dimermim-catalysisR-HSA-71732 (Reactome)
PPA2 dimermim-catalysisR-HSA-449937 (Reactome)
PPiR-HSA-449937 (Reactome)
PPiR-HSA-71732 (Reactome)
PiArrowR-HSA-449937 (Reactome)
PiArrowR-HSA-71732 (Reactome)
R-HSA-449937 (Reactome) Mitochondrial PPA2 (pyrophosphatase (inorganic) 2) catalyzes the hydrolysis of pyrophosphate to yield two molecules of orthophosphate. The enzyme requires Mg++ for activity (Curbo et al. 2006). The enzyme is inferred to be a homodimer by analogy to its cytosolic isoform.
R-HSA-71732 (Reactome) Cytosolic PPA1 (pyrophosphatase (inorganic) 1) catalyzes the hydrolysis of pyrophosphate to yield two molecules of orthophosphate. The enzyme, a homodimer, requires Mg++ for activity (Fisher et al. 1974; Pynes and Younathan 1967; Thuiller et al. 1978).
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