Downregulation of ACE2 by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (Homo sapiens)
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Description
Schematic diagram of the renin-angiotensin system in acute lung failure and proposed SARS-CoV-2 action. The renin-angiotensin system has a crucial role in severe acute lung injury and the SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 has a protective role in acute lung failure. Because ACE2 is a crucial SARS-CoV-2 receptor, the virus's spike protein binding to ACE2 downregulates ACE2 expression, and loss of ACE2 expression results in severe acute respiratory failure. AT1R is the crucial receptor that mediates AngII-induced vascular permeability and severe acute lung injury. SARS-CoV-2 spike–mediated lung failure can be rescued by inhibition of AT1R. This research was done in in vivo mice cells.
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- Kuba K, Imai Y, Rao S, Gao H, Guo F, Guan B, Huan Y, Yang P, Zhang Y, Deng W, Bao L, Zhang B, Liu G, Wang Z, Chappell M, Liu Y, Zheng D, Leibbrandt A, Wada T, Slutsky AS, Liu D, Qin C, Jiang C, Penninger JM; ''A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus-induced lung injury.''; Nat Med, 2005 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
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External references
DataNodes
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| Name | Type | Database reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| ACE2 | Protein | Q9BYF1 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)  | |
| ACE | Protein | A0A0A0MSN4 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
| AT1R | Protein | P30556 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
| AT2R | Protein | P50052 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
| Angiotensin II | Metabolite | CHEBI:2719 (ChEBI) | |
| Lung injury | Pathway | WP5035 (WikiPathways) | |
| SARS-CoV-2 spike | Protein | P0DTC2 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) |
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