Glycine biosynthesis (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
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Description
The proteinogenic amino acid glycine can biosynthesized via several different pathways. The main pathway in most organisms is the production of glycine from L-serine via EC 2.1.2.1, glycine hydroxymethyltransferase. Eukaryotic organisms have both a cytosolic enzyme (SHMT2) and a mitochondrial enzyme (SHMT1) (see glycine biosynthesis I). The two isoforms were reported to work in opposite directions depending on the culture conditions.
In a third pathway glycine is formed from glyoxylate, a product of the glyoxylate cycle, by the enzyme EC 2.6.1.44, alanine—glyoxylate transaminase (see glycine biosynthesis III). And finally, glycine can also be formed from L-threonine by the action of EC 4.1.2.48, low-specificity L-threonine aldolase (see glycine biosynthesis IV).
Description adapted from https://pathway.yeastgenome.org/.Quality Tags
Ontology Terms
Saving...Bibliography
- ''Glycine Biosynthesis 1''; YeastPathways, PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- ''Glycine Biosynthesis 3''; YeastPathways, PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- ''Glycine Biosynthesis 4''; YeastPathways, PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
History
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External references
DataNodes
| View all... |
| Name | Type | Database reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5,10-methylene-THF | Metabolite | 31690-11-6 (CAS)  | |
| AGX1 | GeneProduct | S000001864 (SGD) | |
| GLY1 | GeneProduct | S000000772 (SGD) | |
| Glutathione biosynthesis | Pathway | ||
| Glyoxylate cycle | Pathway | ||
| H2O | Metabolite | 962 (PubChem-compound) | |
| L-alanine | Metabolite | 57972 (ChEBI) | |
| L-glycine | Metabolite | 56-40-6 (CAS) | |
| L-serine biosynthesis 1 | Pathway | ||
| L-serine | Metabolite | 56-45-1 (CAS) | |
| L-threonine | Metabolite | 72-19-5 (CAS) | |
| SHM1 | GeneProduct | S000000467 (SGD) | |
| SHM2 | GeneProduct | S000004048 (SGD) | |
| Serine biosynthesis from glyoxylate | Pathway | ||
| Superpathway of L-threonine biosynthesis | Pathway | ||
| THF | Metabolite | C03541 (KEGG Compound) | |
| acetaldehyde | Metabolite | 75-07-0 (CAS) | |
| glyoxylate | Metabolite | 36655 (ChEBI) | |
| pyruvate | Metabolite | 107735 (PubChem-compound) |
Annotated Interactions
No annotated interactions
