TCA cycle (Bos taurus)

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GluconeogenesisElectron Transport ChainMitochondrionDegradation of Fatty AcidsContaining an Even Number of CarbonsFatty Acid SynthesisCytosolGlycolysisDegradation of Fatty AcidsContaining an Odd Number of CarbonsPDK1PDHA1MDH1SUCLA2SDHBPDK2OxaloacetatePDK3PyruvateIsocitratePDP2OGDHPCSUCLG2Acetyl-CoAIDH3Balpha-KetoglutaratePDHA2MDH2DLDIDH3GACO2PDHXDLDOxaloacetateCSIDH3AFHFumarateSuccinateCitrateDLATPDHBIDH2PDK4SDHCMalatePDP1SDHASUCLG1DLSTSDHDSuccinyl-CoAMalate


Description

The citric acid cycle, also known as the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) or the Krebs cycle, (or rarely, the Szent-Gyorgyi-Krebs cycle) is a series of enzyme-catalysed chemical reactions of central importance in all living cells that use oxygen as part of cellular respiration. In eukaryotes, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. The components and reactions of the citric acid cycle were established by seminal work from both Albert Szent-Gyorgyi and Hans Krebs. [From Wikipedia]

Comments

HomologyConvert 
This pathway was inferred from Homo sapiens pathway WP78(r28870) with a 84% conversion rate.

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Bibliography

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  1. Krebs HA, Holzach O; ''The conversion of citrate into cis-aconitate and isocitrate in the presence of aconitase.''; Biochem J, 1952 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  2. Des Rosiers C, Di Donato L, Comte B, Laplante A, Marcoux C, David F, Fernandez CA, Brunengraber H; ''Isotopomer analysis of citric acid cycle and gluconeogenesis in rat liver. Reversibility of isocitrate dehydrogenase and involvement of ATP-citrate lyase in gluconeogenesis.''; J Biol Chem, 1995 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  3. Comte B, Vincent G, Bouchard B, Benderdour M, Des Rosiers C; ''Reverse flux through cardiac NADP(+)-isocitrate dehydrogenase under normoxia and ischemia.''; Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 2002 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  4. Sheu KF, Blass JP; ''The alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex.''; Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1999 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  5. Lawson AM, Chalmers RA, Watts RW; ''Urinary organic acids in man. I. Normal patterns.''; Clin Chem, 1976 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  6. Fernandez CA, Des Rosiers C; ''Modeling of liver citric acid cycle and gluconeogenesis based on 13C mass isotopomer distribution analysis of intermediates.''; J Biol Chem, 1995 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  7. Des Rosiers C, Fernandez CA, David F, Brunengraber H; ''Reversibility of the mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase reaction in the perfused rat liver. Evidence from isotopomer analysis of citric acid cycle intermediates.''; J Biol Chem, 1994 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  8. Lambeth DO, Tews KN, Adkins S, Frohlich D, Milavetz BI; ''Expression of two succinyl-CoA synthetases with different nucleotide specificities in mammalian tissues.''; J Biol Chem, 2004 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  9. Sazanov LA, Jackson JB; ''Proton-translocating transhydrogenase and NAD- and NADP-linked isocitrate dehydrogenases operate in a substrate cycle which contributes to fine regulation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle activity in mitochondria.''; FEBS Lett, 1994 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  10. Greksák M, Lopes-Cardozo M, van den Bergh SG; ''Citrate synthesis in intact rat-liver mitochondria is irreversible.''; Eur J Biochem, 1982 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  11. Krebs, H. A., Johnson, W. A.; ''The Role of Citric Acid in Intermediate Metabolism in Animal Tissues.''; Enzymologia, 1937 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  12. Hoek JB, Rydström J; ''Physiological roles of nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase.''; Biochem J, 1988 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  13. Liu TC, Kim H, Arizmendi C, Kitano A, Patel MS; ''Identification of two missense mutations in a dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase-deficient patient.''; Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1993 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  14. Gabriel JL, Zervos PR, Plaut GW; ''Activity of purified NAD-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase at modulator and substrate concentrations approximating conditions in mitochondria.''; Metabolism, 1986 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  15. Johnson JD, Muhonen WW, Lambeth DO; ''Characterization of the ATP- and GTP-specific succinyl-CoA synthetases in pigeon. The enzymes incorporate the same alpha-subunit.''; J Biol Chem, 1998 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia

History

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CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
134393view19:31, 21 July 2024EweitzRemove template comments
125338view22:45, 31 January 2023LarsgwAdd PMID to reference
117621view11:42, 21 May 2021EweitzModified title
105929view11:46, 16 August 2019MaintBotHMDB identifier normalization
80665view15:21, 30 June 2015Mkutmonhomology conversion
63454view17:17, 10 May 2013MaintBotupdating gpml
44775view10:53, 2 October 2011MartijnVanIerselabbreviated alpha to fit label
40588view19:33, 1 March 2011MaintBotRemoved redundant pathway information and comments
33826view00:26, 9 December 2009MaintBotAutomatic update of empty xrefs
33640view10:07, 1 December 2009MaintBotRemoved group label
31645view22:28, 13 August 2009MaintBotFixed text labels
30568view22:05, 29 July 2009MaintBotNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

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NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
ACO2GeneProduct280976 (Entrez Gene)
Acetyl-CoAMetaboliteHMDB01206 (HMDB)
CSGeneProduct280682 (Entrez Gene)
CitrateMetaboliteHMDB00094 (HMDB)
DLATGeneProduct512723 (Entrez Gene)
DLDGeneProduct533910 (Entrez Gene)
DLSTGeneProduct506888 (Entrez Gene)
FHGeneProduct520260 (Entrez Gene)
FumarateMetaboliteHMDB00134 (HMDB)
IDH2GeneProduct327669 (Entrez Gene)
IDH3AGeneProduct282446 (Entrez Gene)
IDH3BGeneProduct613338 (Entrez Gene)
IDH3GGeneProduct614145 (Entrez Gene)
IsocitrateMetaboliteHMDB00193 (HMDB)
MDH1GeneProduct535182 (Entrez Gene)
MDH2GeneProduct281306 (Entrez Gene)
MalateMetaboliteHMDB00156 (HMDB)
OGDHGeneProduct534599 (Entrez Gene)
OxaloacetateMetaboliteHMDB00223 (HMDB)
PCGeneProduct338471 (Entrez Gene)
PDHA1GeneProduct407109 (Entrez Gene)
PDHA2GeneProduct768012 (Entrez Gene)
PDHBGeneProduct613610 (Entrez Gene)
PDHXGeneProduct517402 (Entrez Gene)
PDK1GeneProduct528655 (Entrez Gene)
PDK2GeneProduct524075 (Entrez Gene)
PDK3GeneProduct510841 (Entrez Gene)
PDK4GeneProduct507367 (Entrez Gene)
PDP1GeneProduct280891 (Entrez Gene)
PDP2GeneProduct
PyruvateMetaboliteHMDB00243 (HMDB)
SDHAGeneProduct281480 (Entrez Gene)
SDHBGeneProduct286840 (Entrez Gene)
SDHCGeneProduct785395 (Entrez Gene)
SDHDGeneProduct281481 (Entrez Gene)
SUCLA2GeneProduct511090 (Entrez Gene)
SUCLG1GeneProduct509983 (Entrez Gene)
SUCLG2GeneProduct537713 (Entrez Gene)
SuccinateMetaboliteHMDB00254 (HMDB)
Succinyl-CoAMetaboliteHMDB01022 (HMDB)
alpha-KetoglutarateMetabolite

Annotated Interactions

No annotated interactions
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