Neurotransmitter release cycle (Homo sapiens)

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1-4352112, 14, 20, 32363412, 14, 2015-1715-1727-2912-1430, 3110, 1122, 2391815-1712, 14, 20, 32193725, 2615-173315-1712, 14, 20, 24clathrin sculpted monoamine transport vesicle lumenclathrin-coated endocytic vesiclemitochondrial matrixclathrin sculpted acetylcholine transport vesicle lumencytosolcytosolmitochondrial matrixclathrin sculpted glutamate transport vesicle lumenDopaSerotonin loaded synaptic vesicleCoA-SHSNAP 25 variant1 (active)RIM (Rab3A interacting)Rab3AH+L-GlutamateNoradrenaline uptake transporterSyntaxin 1A variant3DDC dimerRab3-RIM complexDocked Noradrenalin loaded synaptic vesiclecomplexin 1L-GlutamateH2OSynapsinSNAP 25 variant1 (active)Vesicular monoamine transporterDocked dopamine loaded synaptic vesicleMAOA-FAD complexNoradrenalineCholineOrthophosphate3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycolSynaptotagmin 1sodium ionAcetyl-CoAH+Munc18L-TyrosineDopamineADPRab3-RIM complexSNARE complexO-acetylcholineMunc18H+H2O2complexin 1CO2Vesicular monoamine transporter VMAT2SerotoninMunc 13O-acetylcholineATPDocked Glutamate Loaded Synaptic VesicleOxygenVGLUT1CholineNH3DopamineEmpty Glutamate Synaptic VesicleH2ORIM (Rab3A interacting)ATPEmpty Acetylcholine Synaptic Vesiclesodium ionVesicular acetylcholine transporterCholine transporter (ChT1)Vesicular acetylcholine transporterRab3-RIM complexSyntaxin 1A variant3Noradrenalin loaded synaptic vesicleH+SNARE complexL-GlutamateTH:Fe++Tetrahydrobiopterincomplexin 1sodium ionRIM (Rab3A interacting)Neuronal EAATsSynaptotagmin 1Munc18Oxygensodium ionDocked acetylcholine loaded Synaptic VesicleGLS dimersAcetylcholine Loaded Synaptic VesicleL-GlutamineDopamine loaded synaptic vesicleRab3-RIM complexL-GlutamateSNARE complexL-GlutamineSNARE complex4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterinSLC38A2L-GlutamineSerotoninNH4+5-HydroxytryptamineSynaptotagmin 1DopamineMunc18choline O-acetyltransferaseSynaptotagmin 1Glutamate loaded synaptic vesicleSyntaxin 1A variant3Munc18NoradrenalineDocked serotonin loaded synaptic vesicleADPcomplexin 1SNAP 25 variant1 (active)6, 785556, 76, 7556, 7


Description

Neurotransmitter is stored in the synaptic vesicle in the pre-synaptic terminal prior to its release in the synaptic cleft upon depolarization of the pre-synaptic membrane. The release of the neurotransmitter is a multi-step process that is controlled by electrical signals passing through the axons in form of action potential. Neurotransmitters include glutamate, acetylcholine, nor-epinephrine, dopamine and seratonin. Each of the neurotransmitter cycle is independently described.

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Bibliography

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History

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CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
114636view16:10, 25 January 2021ReactomeTeamReactome version 75
113084view11:14, 2 November 2020ReactomeTeamReactome version 74
112318view15:24, 9 October 2020ReactomeTeamReactome version 73
101217view11:11, 1 November 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 66
100755view20:36, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 65
100299view19:13, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 64
99845view15:57, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 63
99402view14:34, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 62 (2nd attempt)
99093view12:39, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 62
94499view09:05, 14 September 2017Mkutmonreactome version 61
88044view13:39, 25 July 2016RyanmillerOntology Term : 'signaling pathway pertinent to the brain and nervous system' added !
88043view13:38, 25 July 2016RyanmillerOntology Term : 'signaling pathway' added !
86606view09:22, 11 July 2016ReactomeTeamreactome version 56
83254view10:32, 18 November 2015ReactomeTeamVersion54
81364view12:53, 21 August 2015ReactomeTeamVersion53
76832view08:05, 17 July 2014ReactomeTeamFixed remaining interactions
76536view11:51, 16 July 2014ReactomeTeamFixed remaining interactions
75869view09:52, 11 June 2014ReactomeTeamRe-fixing comment source
75569view10:37, 10 June 2014ReactomeTeamReactome 48 Update
74924view13:45, 8 May 2014AnweshaFixing comment source for displaying WikiPathways description
74568view08:36, 30 April 2014ReactomeTeamReactome46
42089view21:56, 4 March 2011MaintBotAutomatic update
39897view05:55, 21 January 2011MaintBotNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

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NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
3-Methoxy-4-

hydroxyphenylglycol

Metabolite16436 (ChEBI)
4a-

hydroxytetrahydrobiop terin

Metabolite15374 (ChEBI)
5-Hydroxytryptamine Metabolite28790 (ChEBI)
ADP Metabolite16761 (ChEBI)
ATP Metabolite15422 (ChEBI)
Acetyl-CoA Metabolite15351 (ChEBI)
Acetylcholine Loaded

Synaptic Vesicle

ComplexREACT_17766 (Reactome)
CO2 Metabolite16526 (ChEBI)
Choline Metabolite15354 (ChEBI)
Choline transporter

(ChT1)

ProteinQ9GZV3 (UniProt)
CoA-SH Metabolite15346 (ChEBI)
DDC dimer ComplexREACT_15591 (Reactome)
Docked Glutamate

Loaded Synaptic Vesicle

ComplexREACT_12825 (Reactome) Glutamate synaptic vesicle contains Rab3 ( GTPase), synaptobrevin/VAMP ( V-SNARE), VGLUT1 (Glutamate transporter) and synpatotagmin which is beleived to be a Ca2+ sensor and plays a role in the synaptic vesicle fusion process.
Docked Noradrenalin

loaded synaptic vesicle

ComplexREACT_15843 (Reactome)
Docked acetylcholine

loaded Synaptic Vesicle

ComplexREACT_17285 (Reactome) Acetylcholine synaptic vesicle contains Rab3 ( GTPase), synaptobrevin/VAMP ( V-SNARE), VGLUT1 (Glutamate transporter) and synpatotagmin which is beleived to be a Ca2+ sensor and plays a role in the synaptic vesicle fusion process.
Docked dopamine

loaded synaptic vesicle

ComplexREACT_15684 (Reactome)
Docked serotonin

loaded synaptic vesicle

ComplexREACT_17565 (Reactome)
Dopa Metabolite15765 (ChEBI)
Dopamine Metabolite18243 (ChEBI)
Dopamine loaded

synaptic vesicle

ComplexREACT_15992 (Reactome)
Empty Acetylcholine

Synaptic Vesicle

ComplexREACT_12740 (Reactome)
Empty Glutamate

Synaptic Vesicle

ComplexREACT_14482 (Reactome)
GLS dimers UnknownREACT_21656 (Reactome)
Glutamate loaded

synaptic vesicle

ComplexREACT_12769 (Reactome)
H+ Metabolite15378 (ChEBI)
H2O Metabolite15377 (ChEBI)
H2O2 Metabolite16240 (ChEBI)
L-Glutamate Metabolite16015 (ChEBI)
L-Glutamine Metabolite18050 (ChEBI)
L-Tyrosine Metabolite17895 (ChEBI)
MAOA-FAD complex ComplexREACT_5113 (Reactome)
Munc 13 ProteinO14795 (UniProt)
Munc18 ProteinP61764-1 (UniProt) Munc 18 interacts with syntaxin in the plasma membrane, with Mint (Munc 18 interacting) which in turn interacts with CASK and neurexins. Munc18 also interacts with granulophilin. Granulophilin is interacts simultaneously with syntaxin and Munc18. These interactions are believed to be involved in the docking of the synaptic vesicle to the plasma membrane. However, the sequence of events is unclear.
NH3 Metabolite16134 (ChEBI)
NH4+ Metabolite28938 (ChEBI)
Neuronal EAATs UnknownREACT_14035 (Reactome)
Noradrenalin loaded

synaptic vesicle

ComplexREACT_17964 (Reactome)
Noradrenaline Metabolite18357 (ChEBI)
Noradrenaline

uptake transporter

ProteinO15244 (UniProt)
O-acetylcholine Metabolite15355 (ChEBI)
Orthophosphate Metabolite18367 (ChEBI)
Oxygen Metabolite15379 (ChEBI)
RIM (Rab3A

interacting)

ProteinQ86UR5 (UniProt)
Rab3-RIM complex ComplexREACT_13268 (Reactome) Rab3A, located in the synaptic vesicle membrane, interacts with RIM ( Rab3A interacting Molecule) and with Doc2. These interactions are beleived to initiate the process of priming which precedes the fuison of the synaptic vesicle with the plasma membrane.
Rab3A ProteinP20336 (UniProt) Rab3A, located in the synaptic vesicle membrane, interacts with RIM ( Rab3A interacting Molecule) and with Doc2. These interactions are beleived to initiate the process of priming which precedes the fuison of the synaptic vesicle with the plasma membrane.
SLC38A2 ProteinQ96QD8 (UniProt)
SNAP 25 variant1

(active)

ProteinP60880-1 (UniProt)
SNARE complex ComplexREACT_12700 (Reactome)
Serotonin Metabolite28790 (ChEBI)
Serotonin loaded

synaptic vesicle

ComplexREACT_16110 (Reactome)
Synapsin ProteinREACT_18217 (Reactome)
Synaptotagmin 1 ProteinP21579 (UniProt)
Syntaxin 1A variant3 ProteinQ16623-3 (UniProt)
TH:Fe++ ComplexREACT_15832 (Reactome)
Tetrahydrobiopterin Metabolite15372 (ChEBI)
VGLUT1 ProteinQ9P2U7 (UniProt)
Vesicular

acetylcholine transporter

ProteinQ16572 (UniProt)
Vesicular

monoamine transporter

ProteinQ05940 (UniProt)
Vesicular

monoamine transporter VMAT2

ProteinQ05940 (UniProt)
choline O-

acetyltransferase

ProteinP28329 (UniProt)
complexin 1 ProteinO14810 (UniProt)
sodium ion Metabolite29101 (ChEBI)

Annotated Interactions

No annotated interactions

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