NAD salvage pathway II (Escherichia coli)

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1-15AdenosinetriphosphateNADPnadRPhosphate5′-nucleotidaseNADPphosphataseWaterNicotinamide ribotidenudCNADWaterHydrogen IonHydrogen IonAdenosinemonophosphateWaterPhosphateNicotinamideribosideNicotinamide ribotideHydrogen IonADPNADHydrogen IonAdenosinetriphosphatePyrophosphatenadR


Description

This pathway salvages NAD from NADP. In case of some organisms that can not do de novo synthesis of NAD, make use of this pathway to salvage NAD, though it has been suggested that this pathway is also located in E.coli. They make use of v-factor compounds like NADP, NAD, NMN, and NR. But since the non-phosphorylated NR(nicotinamide riboside) is the only one that can be transported to the cytoplasm across the inner membrame, makes this a crucial pathway for salvaging NAD for some species.

Comments

 
source: http://biocyc.org/ECOLI/NEW-IMAGE?type=PATHWAY&object=NAD-BIOSYNTHESIS-II&detail-level=3

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Ontology Terms

 

Bibliography

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  1. Ostrowski EA, Woods RJ, Lenski RE; ''The genetic basis of parallel and divergent phenotypic responses in evolving populations of Escherichia coli.''; Proc Biol Sci, 2008 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  2. Kemmer G, Reilly TJ, Schmidt-Brauns J, Zlotnik GW, Green BA, Fiske MJ, Herbert M, Kraiss A, Schlör S, Smith A, Reidl J; ''NadN and e (P4) are essential for utilization of NAD and nicotinamide mononucleotide but not nicotinamide riboside in Haemophilus influenzae.''; J Bacteriol, 2001 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  3. Liu G, Foster J, Manlapaz-Ramos P, Olivera BM; ''Nucleoside salvage pathway for NAD biosynthesis in Salmonella typhimurium.''; J Bacteriol, 1982 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  4. MacInnes JI, Borr JD; ''The family Pasteurellaceae: modern approaches to taxonomy.''; Can J Vet Res, 1990 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  5. Lin SJ, Ford E, Haigis M, Liszt G, Guarente L; ''Calorie restriction extends yeast life span by lowering the level of NADH.''; Genes Dev, 2004 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  6. Kawai S, Murata K; ''Structure and function of NAD kinase and NADP phosphatase: key enzymes that regulate the intracellular balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H).''; Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 2008 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  7. Lundquist R, Olivera BM; ''Pyridine nucleotide metabolism in Escherichia coli. I. Exponential growth.''; J Biol Chem, 1971 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  8. Raffaelli N, Lorenzi T, Mariani PL, Emanuelli M, Amici A, Ruggieri S, Magni G; ''The Escherichia coli NadR regulator is endowed with nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase activity.''; J Bacteriol, 1999 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  9. Lin SJ, Guarente L; ''Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a metabolic regulator of transcription, longevity and disease.''; Curr Opin Cell Biol, 2003 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  10. Commichau FM, Stülke J; ''Trigger enzymes: bifunctional proteins active in metabolism and in controlling gene expression.''; Mol Microbiol, 2008 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  11. Tritz GJ, Chandler JL; ''Recognition of a gene involved in the regulation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis.''; J Bacteriol, 1973 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  12. Fukuda C, Kawai S, Murata K; ''NADP(H) phosphatase activities of archaeal inositol monophosphatase and eubacterial 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate phosphatase.''; Appl Environ Microbiol, 2007 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  13. Gerasimova AV, Gelfand MS; ''Evolution of the NadR regulon in Enterobacteriaceae.''; J Bioinform Comput Biol, 2005 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  14. ROWEN JW, KORNBERG A; ''The phosphorolysis of nicotinamide riboside.''; J Biol Chem, 1951 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  15. Kurnasov OV, Polanuyer BM, Ananta S, Sloutsky R, Tam A, Gerdes SY, Osterman AL; ''Ribosylnicotinamide kinase domain of NadR protein: identification and implications in NAD biosynthesis.''; J Bacteriol, 2002 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia

History

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CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
106100view12:00, 16 August 2019MaintBotHMDB identifier normalization
71964view23:56, 23 October 2013MaintBotremoved data source from nodes without identifier
62864view10:28, 3 May 2013CizarModified description
62650view07:41, 1 May 2013CizarSpecify description
62649view07:41, 1 May 2013CizarSpecify description
62648view07:40, 1 May 2013CizarSpecify description
62647view07:40, 1 May 2013CizarSpecify description
62267view22:22, 26 April 2013AlexanderPicoOntology Term : 'pyridine nucleotide biosynthetic pathway' added !
62266view22:21, 26 April 2013AlexanderPicoOntology Term : 'purine salvage pathway' added !
62249view21:49, 26 April 2013AlexanderPicoOntology Term : 'NAD biosynthetic pathway' added !
62246view21:45, 26 April 2013AlexanderPicoModified categories
62005view09:43, 23 April 2013CizarRecorrected a gene
62004view09:37, 23 April 2013Cizaradded and corrected some annotations
61953view07:39, 22 April 2013CizarGrouped metabolites and aligned them
61801view10:22, 19 April 2013CizarModified description
61800view10:04, 19 April 2013Cizaradded references
61796view09:51, 19 April 2013CizarNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

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NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
5′-nucleotidaseGeneProduct
ADPMetaboliteHMDB01341 (HMDB)
Adenosine monophosphateMetaboliteHMDB00045 (HMDB)
Adenosine triphosphateMetaboliteHMDB00538 (HMDB)
Hydrogen IonMetaboliteHMDB59597 (HMDB)
NADMetaboliteHMDB00902 (HMDB)
NADP phosphataseGeneProduct
NADPMetaboliteHMDB00217 (HMDB)
Nicotinamide ribosideMetaboliteHMDB00855 (HMDB)
Nicotinamide ribotideMetaboliteHMDB00229 (HMDB)
PhosphateMetaboliteHMDB01429 (HMDB)
PyrophosphateMetaboliteHMDB00250 (HMDB)
WaterMetaboliteHMDB02111 (HMDB)
nadRGeneProductEBESCG00000001171 (Ensembl)
nudCGeneProductEBESCG00000003522 (Ensembl)

Annotated Interactions

No annotated interactions
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