Glycogen metabolism (Pan troglodytes)

From WikiPathways

Revision as of 23:38, 11 July 2013 by MaintBot (Talk | contribs)
Jump to: navigation, search
Ser/Thr Protein Phosphatase 2ASynthesisDegradationPhosphorylase KinaseGlycolysisPPP2CAGlycogen (n+1)PPP2R5APPP2R5DPHKA1GlucoseCALM2GlycogenPPP2R5BPPP2R2BPYGMGlycogen (n+1)PHKG2GBE1Glucose 1-phosphateGlucose-6-phosphateCALM3UDP-glucosePHKA2UGP2PHKBGYS1PPP2R5CPPP2R2AGYS2PHKG1PPP2CBcAMPPPP2R5EAGLGSK3BPPP2R4GlycogenPPP2R3APPP2R2CGYG1Glucose-1-phosphateGYG2CALM1PYGLPPP2R1BUGP2PPP2R3BPGM1PYGBGSK3APPP2R1A


Description

Glycogen is a very large, branched polymer of glucose residues. Within skeletal musle and liver glucose is stored as glycogen. In the liver, glycogen synthesis and degradation are regulated to maintain blood-glucose levels as required to meet the needs of the organism as a whole. In contrast, in muscle, these processes are regulated to meet the energy needs of the muscle itself.

Glycogen synthesis Glycogen synthesis is, unlike its breakdown, endergonic. This means that glycogen synthesis requires the input of energy. Energy for glycogen synthesis comes from UTP, which reacts with glucose-1-phosphate, forming UDP-glucose, in reaction catalysed by UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. Glycogen is synthesized from monomers of UDP-glucose by the enzyme glycogen synthase, which progressively lengthens the glycogen chain with (α1→4) bonded glucose. As glycogen synthase can only lengthen an existing chain, the protein glycogenin is needed to initiate the synthesis of glycogen. The glycogen-branching enzyme, amylo (α1→4) to (α1→6) transglycosylase, catalyzes the transfer of a terminal fragment of 6-7 glucose residues from a nonreducing end to the C-6 hydroxyl group of a glucose residue deeper into the interior of the glycogen molecule. The branching enzyme can act upon only a branch having at least 11 residues, and the enzyme may transfer to the same glucose chain or adjacent glucose chains.

Glycogen degradation Glycogen degradation consists of three steps: (1) the release of glucose 1-phosphate from glycogen, (2) the remodeling of the glycogen substrate to permit further degradation, and (3) the conversion of glucose 1-phosphate into glucose 6-phosphate for further metabolism.

Information partly derived from "Biochemistry" by Stryer and Wikipedia.

Comments

HomologyConvert 
This pathway was inferred from Homo sapiens pathway WP500(r21730) with a 61% conversion rate.

Try the New WikiPathways

View approved pathways at the new wikipathways.org.

Quality Tags

Ontology Terms

 

Bibliography

No bibliography


History

View all...
CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
117395view10:34, 21 May 2021EweitzModified title
106944view13:40, 17 September 2019MaintBotHMDB identifier normalization
89814view11:49, 6 October 2016MkutmonModified description
71960view23:30, 23 October 2013MaintBotremoved data source from nodes without identifier
70009view23:38, 11 July 2013MaintBotupdated to 2013 schema
67310view10:35, 26 June 2013Christine ChichesterOntology Term : 'glycogen metabolic pathway' added !
41554view01:58, 2 March 2011MaintBotRemoved redundant pathway information and comments
35731view23:40, 12 February 2010AlexanderPico
34285view21:59, 9 December 2009MaintBotAutomatic update of empty xrefs
33604view09:58, 1 December 2009MaintBotRemoved group label
30524view21:50, 29 July 2009MaintBotNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

View all...
NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
AGLGeneProduct469392 (Entrez Gene)
CALM1GeneProduct738819 (Entrez Gene)
CALM2GeneProduct459213 (Entrez Gene)
CALM3GeneProduct456153 (Entrez Gene)
GBE1GeneProduct460520 (Entrez Gene)
GSK3AGeneProduct456071 (Entrez Gene)
GSK3BGeneProduct470896 (Entrez Gene)
GYG1GeneProduct460765 (Entrez Gene)
GYG2GeneProduct465469 (Entrez Gene)
GYS1GeneProduct456196 (Entrez Gene)
GYS2GeneProduct465336 (Entrez Gene)
Glucose 1-phosphateMetaboliteHMDB01586 (HMDB)
Glucose-1-phosphateMetabolite
Glucose-6-phosphateMetabolite
GlucoseMetabolite
Glycogen (n+1)Metabolite
GlycogenMetabolite
PGM1GeneProduct456908 (Entrez Gene)
PHKA1GeneProduct465713 (Entrez Gene)
PHKA2GeneProduct465523 (Entrez Gene)
PHKBGeneProduct465150 (Entrez Gene)
PHKG1GeneProduct746486 (Entrez Gene)
PHKG2GeneProduct741602 (Entrez Gene)
PPP2CAGeneProduct471633 (Entrez Gene)
PPP2CBGeneProduct464100 (Entrez Gene)
PPP2R1AGeneProduct468983 (Entrez Gene)
PPP2R1BGeneProduct466778 (Entrez Gene)
PPP2R2AGeneProduct464068 (Entrez Gene)
PPP2R2BGeneProduct462170 (Entrez Gene)
PPP2R2CGeneProduct461101 (Entrez Gene)
PPP2R3AGeneProduct460715 (Entrez Gene)
PPP2R3BGeneProduct
PPP2R4GeneProduct464784 (Entrez Gene)
PPP2R5AGeneProduct457716 (Entrez Gene)
PPP2R5BGeneProduct
PPP2R5CGeneProduct453170 (Entrez Gene)
PPP2R5DGeneProduct462705 (Entrez Gene)
PPP2R5EGeneProduct452962 (Entrez Gene)
PYGBGeneProduct469908 (Entrez Gene)
PYGLGeneProduct742309 (Entrez Gene)
PYGMGeneProduct451299 (Entrez Gene)
UDP-glucoseMetaboliteHMDB00286 (HMDB)
UGP2GeneProduct459273 (Entrez Gene)
cAMPMetaboliteHMDB00058 (HMDB)

Annotated Interactions

No annotated interactions
Personal tools