Cadmium and glutathione (Arabidopsis thaliana)

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Picture from Research article: "Jozefczak M., E. Keunen, H. Schat, M. Bliek, L.E. Hernández, R. Carleer, T. Remans, S. Bohler, J. Vangronsveld, and A. Cuypers, Differential response of Arabidopsis leaves and roots to cadmium: Glutathione-related chelating capacity vs antioxidant capacity. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2014. 83: p. 1-9." Caption: Fig. 8. Schematic overview of four studied processes, all activated under Cd stress: GSH biosynthesis, Cd chelation, SOD regulation and the AsA-GSH cycle. There are several indications that the GSH state, including both total GSH content and GSH:GSSG ratio, is involved in the stimulation of these pathways. Data of roots and leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana exposed to 5 or 10 mM CdSO4 for different time periods (2, 24, 48, 72 h) are visualised (significant upregulation, green box; significant downregulation, red box; ANOVA). Data from in-gel activities are presented by and for increased and decreased SOD activity according to visual quantification. Abbreviations: cadmium (Cd), glutathione (GSH), GSH disulfide (GSSG), gglutamylcysteine (g-EC), g-EC synthetase (GSH1), GSH synthetase (GSH2), phytochelatin (PC), PC synthase (PCS1), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), ascorbate (AsA), AsA peroxidase (APX1, APX2), monodehydroascorbate (MDHA), MDHA reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate (DHA), DHA reductase (DHAR), GSH reductase (GR), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH, NADPþ), superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoforms: manganese (MSD1, MnSOD), iron (FSD1, FeSOD) and copper/zinc (CSD1, CSD2, CuZnSOD); microRNA398 (miR398a, miR398b/c), copper chaperones (CCH, ATX1, CCS). This pathway was also created in PathVisio to include annotations and bibliography of the genes, proteins and metabolites: http://www.wikipathways.org/index.php/Pathway:WP2579.

 

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