Growth hormone (GH) signaling (Bos taurus)

The growth Hormone/Insulin-Like Growth Factor axis is a complex system of ligands, binding protein and receptors which the cells use for communication of growth simulating signal. GH is released from the pituitary and by binding to the GH receptor it stimulates longitudinal growth and has anabolic effects on metabolism. Most of the growth-promoting effects of GH are mediated by IGF-1 which is produced mainly in the liver after GH stimulation. IGF-1 has crucial functions especially for embryonic growth and development. This pathway is primarily studied to understand factors that contribute to growth in bos taurus.