Toll, IMD, JAK/STAT pathways for immune response to pathogens (Anopheles gambiae)

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1P. bergheiIMD PathwayUpregulation of Immune GenesP.vivaxUnpaired GeneToll PathwayEffector GenesPhosphorylationJAK/STAT PathwayP. falciparumCleavagePromote Ubiquitin BindingIKK2DreddCasparCLIPC8CLIPB13imdFaddProtein TollUev1adomeRelishSPZ2CactusBendlessCASPL1PGRP-LCJNKIAP2STATTRAFTak1PelleIKK1PIASSocsMyd88Tab2JAKProtein pellinoREL1Polyubiquitin (Fragment)PGRP-SEffeteProtein TubePolyubiquitin (Fragment)domeJAKSTATSTATSTATSTATSTATPolyubiquitin (Fragment)Polyubiquitin (Fragment)Polyubiquitin (Fragment)RelishREL1


Description

The presence P. berghei signals proteins Toll Pathway through proteins PGRP-S, CLIPB13, CLIPC8, and SPZ2. Toll activates death domain-containing molecules (MyD88, Tube, Pelle). Pellino ubiquinates Pelle which allows TRAF to activate REL1 by the ubiquitination of cactus. REL1 translocates to nucleus to upregulate immune genes. The IMD pathway is activated by presence of P. fa;ciparum that starts a cascade of activation of Fadd, Dredd, Tak1/Tab2 coomplex and leads to the activation, translocation, and effector gene promotion of Relish. The Effete/Uev1a/Bendless/IAP2 inhibits the CASPL1/Dredd complex. The JAK/STAT pathway is activated by presence of P. vivax and unpaired gene particles binding to dome/JAK/STAT complex leading to the actvation of the STAT complex which translocates to the nucleus to promote transcription of effector genes. This pathway was taken from Firgure 2B of Severo et al.

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Ontology Terms

 

Bibliography

  1. Severo MS, Sakhon OS, Choy A, Stephens KD, Pedra JH; ''The 'ubiquitous' reality of vector immunology.''; Cell Microbiol, 2013 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia

History

View all...
CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
127938view20:08, 18 January 2024Khanspersadded xrefs
127937view19:52, 18 January 2024Khanspersminor fix, removed Relish
117226view09:30, 19 May 2021EweitzModified title
90179view17:27, 21 October 2016Khanspersconnected unconnected interaction
90118view23:53, 13 October 2016Khanspersupdated state
90117view23:51, 13 October 2016Khanspersupdated and removed Dr xrefs
89068view08:43, 19 August 2016FehrhartFixed unconnected line
87415view11:31, 22 July 2016MkutmonOntology Term : 'immune response pathway' added !
87302view20:09, 20 July 2016AAR&CoModified description
87301view20:06, 20 July 2016AAR&CoModified description
87266view15:56, 20 July 2016AAR&CoEdited Datanode
87265view15:52, 20 July 2016AAR&CoModified description
87264view15:41, 20 July 2016AAR&CoFixed Labels
87263view15:34, 20 July 2016AAR&CoModified description
87262view15:28, 20 July 2016AAR&CoNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

View all...
NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
BendlessGeneProductIdentifier Not Found
CASPL1GeneProductAGAP011693 (Ensembl)
CLIPB13GeneProduct187440766 (NCBI Protein)
CLIPC8GeneProductIdentifier Not Found
CactusProteinM9PD95 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CasparGeneProductIdentifier Not Found
DreddGeneProductFBgn0020381 (Ensembl)
EffeteGeneProductIdentifier Not Found
FaddGeneProductFBgn0038928 (Ensembl)
IAP2GeneProductAGAP011326 (Ensembl)
IKK1GeneProductAGAP009166 (Ensembl)
IKK2GeneProductIdentifier Not Found
JAKGeneProduct24641273 (NCBI Protein)
JNKProteinP92208 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Myd88GeneProductFBgn0033402 (Ensembl)
PGRP-LCGeneProductFBgn0035976 (Ensembl)
PGRP-SGeneProduct281186733 (NCBI Protein)
PIASGeneProduct665399736 (NCBI Protein)
PelleProteinQ05652 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Polyubiquitin (Fragment)ProteinH9BVD2 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Protein TollProteinP08953 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Protein TubeProteinP22812 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Protein pellinoProteinO77237 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
REL1GeneProductAGAP009515 (Ensembl) Dorsal Not Specified
RelishGeneProduct17137094 (NCBI Protein)
SPZ2GeneProductAGAP006483 (Ensembl)
STATGeneProduct1145720 (NCBI Protein)
SocsGeneProductFBgn0030869 (Ensembl) Socs Not Specified
TRAFGeneProduct4959430 (NCBI Protein) TRAF not specified
Tab2GeneProductFBgn0086358 (Ensembl)
Tak1GeneProductFBgn0026323 (Ensembl)
Uev1aGeneProductIdentifier Not Found
domeGeneProductFBgn0043903 (Ensembl)
imdGeneProductFBgn0013983 (Ensembl)

Annotated Interactions

No annotated interactions

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