Calcium regulation in cardiac cell (Bos taurus)

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1Ca2+Regulators of G-proteinCabCalreticulin-CaK+CyclasesCa2+2+PGap Junctions (Connexins)PhopholambanGRK2+2+K+ConnexinPIP3Epinephrinearrestin/GRKCaM kinase2+PIP22+CaM kinaseK+CaabAdrenergic ReceptorProtein Kinase AL-Type Ca2+ ChannelgM1 Muscarinic ReceptorNa+CytosolG alpha i/o/zFKBP122+ADP + PiCalsequestrin C-CaAdenylyl CyclasesConnexinCalsequestrin S-CaGG alpha i/o/zGGbeta ArrestinAdrenergic Receptor2+arrestin/GRKNa+/Ca2+ ExchangerCytosolic CacAMPCaNa+Epinephrineb2+GProtein Kinase AbgGSR2+2+MembraneDepolarizationb2+IP4bgADP + PiCaCaPKA InhibitorsPKC inhibitor Protein-1Protein Kinase CIP3 ReceptorsCaCytosolic CaSignalingCaDAGbgNa2+RepolarizationIP3 ReceptorsCytosolic Ca2+Na+/K+ ATPase2+CalmodulinDihydropyridine-SensitiveAdenylylPRKD1CALM3ADCY5KCNB1GNB3ATPATP1A4GNAI2PRKCEGNA11LOC100140301CACNA1CCAMK2ALOC615374RGS2ATP1B3KCNJ3ADCY4SLC8A1RGS20GJB1YWHAHRYR3GNG7CACNB3RGS7CALM2PLNADRB3ARRB2CAMK1GNGT1CHRM1RGS4ITPR1SFNFXYD2CALRYWHAQCAMK2DATP1B1CACNA1AGNB1CAMK2GANXA6RGS10CHRM2ATP2A2SLC8A3ATPGNAI1LOC517006GNASGJC1PRKACAAcetylcholinePLCB3YWHAZGNG4ATP1B2ARRB1GJA1GJA5RGS16RGS5ATP2B1GRK6PRKAR1ACASQ2GNG2PRKCAADRB2CALM1GJA9RGS6GJB6RGS18GNG5KCNJ5PKIARGS19ADRB1GNG12RGS9ADCY8PRKCDPRKCHYWHAEGNG11GRK4CHRM5YWHABGJA3GNB4CAMK2BPRKCBGJC2ADCY9ATP2B2YWHAGPRKAR2BPRKCGCACNA1EPRKAR1BRGS17ATP2A3PRKACBPRKCHADCY3ADCY1RGS1CHRM3GJB3CACNA1BGNG3ADPGJB5GJA8RGS14ADRA1AGJA4GRK5ADRA1DATPCACNA1DRYR2RGS3LOC781283GNAQITPR2CHRM4GNAO1RYR1PLCB3GNB5GJD2GNAZLOC100140553GNG8LOC100139910CAMK4CACNB1ADCY6CASQ1ADCY2ADCY7GNAI3PRKCZPKIGATP2B3ATPFKBP1AADRA1BPRKCQRGS11CACNA1SGNB2ITPR3


Description

Calcium is a common signaling mechanism, as once it enters the cytoplasm it exerts allosteric regulatory affects on many enzymes and proteins. Calcium can act in signal transduction after influx resulting from activation of ion channels or as a second messenger caused by indirect signal transduction pathways such as G protein-coupled receptors. Movement of calcium ions from the extracellular compartment to the intracellular compartment alters membrane depolarisation. This is seen in the heart, during the plateau phase of ventricular contraction. In this example, calcium acts to maintain depolarisation of the heart. Source: Wikipedia

Comments

HomologyConvert 
This pathway was inferred from Homo sapiens pathway WP536(r21808) with a 87% conversion rate.

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Bibliography

  1. Marks AR; ''Calcium and the heart: a question of life and death.''; J Clin Invest, 2003 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia

History

View all...
CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
117482view11:00, 21 May 2021EweitzModified title
107052view14:14, 17 September 2019MaintBotChEBI identifier normalization
105971view11:50, 16 August 2019MaintBotHMDB identifier normalization
95757view14:13, 19 January 2018MkutmonHomology conversion update
80736view15:24, 30 June 2015Mkutmonhomology conversion
67762view12:07, 26 June 2013Christine ChichesterOntology Term : 'calcium/calcium-mediated signaling pathway' added !
63456view17:18, 10 May 2013MaintBotUpdated to 2013 gpml schema
48137view05:55, 9 May 2012MaintBotUpdating from human to fix xref duplication
40590view19:33, 1 March 2011MaintBotRemoved redundant pathway information and comments
35451view11:46, 12 February 2010ThomasModified description
35449view11:45, 12 February 2010Thomasadded literature
33828view00:27, 9 December 2009MaintBotAutomatic update of empty xrefs
32508view12:50, 17 August 2009MaintBotFixed text labels
32198view12:37, 15 August 2009MaintBotFixed text labels
31680view11:44, 14 August 2009MaintBotFixed group labels
31206view19:35, 13 August 2009MaintBotFixed text labels
30612view22:18, 29 July 2009MaintBotNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

View all...
NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
ADCY1GeneProduct281601 (Entrez Gene) CYA1 HUMAN
ADCY2GeneProduct510708 (Entrez Gene) There is no SwissProt entry for a full-length sequence in mouse. This EST is from the Affymetrix Murine6500 chip.
ADCY3GeneProduct535603 (Entrez Gene)
ADCY4GeneProduct788151 (Entrez Gene) There is no SwissProt entry for a full-length sequence in mouse. This EST is from the Affymetrix Murine6500 chip.
ADCY5GeneProduct505740 (Entrez Gene) There is no SwissProt entry for a full-length sequence in mouse. This EST is from the Affymetrix Murine6500 chip.
ADCY6GeneProduct509936 (Entrez Gene)
ADCY7GeneProduct281603 (Entrez Gene)
ADCY8GeneProduct535017 (Entrez Gene)
ADCY9GeneProduct525482 (Entrez Gene)
ADPMetabolite
ADRA1AGeneProduct282134 (Entrez Gene)
ADRA1BGeneProduct407140 (Entrez Gene)
ADRA1DGeneProduct539543 (Entrez Gene)
ADRB1GeneProduct281604 (Entrez Gene)
ADRB2GeneProduct281605 (Entrez Gene)
ADRB3GeneProduct281606 (Entrez Gene)
ANXA6GeneProduct327685 (Entrez Gene)
ARRB1GeneProduct281637 (Entrez Gene)
ARRB2GeneProduct281638 (Entrez Gene)
ATP1A4GeneProduct537960 (Entrez Gene)
ATP1B1GeneProduct519758 (Entrez Gene)
ATP1B2GeneProduct282562 (Entrez Gene)
ATP1B3GeneProduct532844 (Entrez Gene)
ATP2A2GeneProduct540568 (Entrez Gene)
ATP2A3GeneProduct512313 (Entrez Gene)
ATP2B1GeneProduct282641 (Entrez Gene)
ATP2B2GeneProduct613800 (Entrez Gene)
ATP2B3GeneProduct504353 (Entrez Gene)
ATPMetabolite
AcetylcholineMetabolite
CACNA1AGeneProduct282648 (Entrez Gene)
CACNA1BGeneProduct282410 (Entrez Gene)
CACNA1CGeneProduct787897 (Entrez Gene)
CACNA1DGeneProduct408013 (Entrez Gene)
CACNA1EGeneProduct353113 (Entrez Gene)
CACNA1SGeneProduct286801 (Entrez Gene)
CACNB1GeneProduct327703 (Entrez Gene)
CACNB3GeneProduct282160 (Entrez Gene)
CALM1GeneProduct617095 (Entrez Gene)
CALM2GeneProduct326597 (Entrez Gene)
CALM3GeneProduct520277 (Entrez Gene)
CALRGeneProduct281036 (Entrez Gene)
CAMK1GeneProduct520498 (Entrez Gene)
CAMK2AGeneProduct530719 (Entrez Gene)
CAMK2BGeneProduct525416 (Entrez Gene)
CAMK2DGeneProduct532713 (Entrez Gene)
CAMK2GGeneProduct282162 (Entrez Gene)
CAMK4GeneProduct
CASQ1GeneProduct508394 (Entrez Gene)
CASQ2GeneProduct528555 (Entrez Gene)
CHRM1GeneProduct281684 (Entrez Gene)
CHRM2GeneProduct522170 (Entrez Gene)
CHRM3GeneProduct281685 (Entrez Gene)
CHRM4GeneProduct512928 (Entrez Gene)
CHRM5GeneProduct281686 (Entrez Gene)
FKBP1AGeneProduct539546 (Entrez Gene)
FXYD2GeneProduct281773 (Entrez Gene)
GJA1GeneProduct281193 (Entrez Gene)
GJA3GeneProduct407154 (Entrez Gene)
GJA4GeneProduct538913 (Entrez Gene)
GJA5GeneProduct539491 (Entrez Gene)
GJA8GeneProduct524042 (Entrez Gene)
GJA9GeneProduct782853 (Entrez Gene)
GJB1GeneProduct281194 (Entrez Gene)
GJB3GeneProduct539935 (Entrez Gene)
GJB5GeneProduct524030 (Entrez Gene)
GJB6GeneProduct508454 (Entrez Gene)
GJC1GeneProduct511119 (Entrez Gene)
GJC2GeneProduct538745 (Entrez Gene)
GJD2GeneProduct282577 (Entrez Gene)
GNA11GeneProduct281788 (Entrez Gene)
GNAI1GeneProduct281790 (Entrez Gene)
GNAI2GeneProduct281791 (Entrez Gene)
GNAI3GeneProduct539521 (Entrez Gene)
GNAO1GeneProduct281792 (Entrez Gene)
GNAQGeneProduct536654 (Entrez Gene)
GNASGeneProduct281793 (Entrez Gene)
GNAZGeneProduct281200 (Entrez Gene)
GNB1GeneProduct281201 (Entrez Gene)
GNB2GeneProduct281202 (Entrez Gene)
GNB3GeneProduct513340 (Entrez Gene)
GNB4GeneProduct525962 (Entrez Gene)
GNB5GeneProduct535365 (Entrez Gene)
GNG11GeneProduct788596 (Entrez Gene)
GNG12GeneProduct286850 (Entrez Gene)
GNG2GeneProduct281203 (Entrez Gene)
GNG3GeneProduct281204 (Entrez Gene)
GNG4GeneProduct100125276 (Entrez Gene)
GNG5GeneProduct287018 (Entrez Gene)
GNG7GeneProduct618399 (Entrez Gene)
GNG8GeneProduct618470 (Entrez Gene)
GNGT1GeneProduct281796 (Entrez Gene)
GRK4GeneProduct512489 (Entrez Gene)
GRK5GeneProduct281801 (Entrez Gene)
GRK6GeneProduct
ITPR1GeneProduct317697 (Entrez Gene)
ITPR2GeneProduct281878 (Entrez Gene)
ITPR3GeneProduct281879 (Entrez Gene)
KCNB1GeneProduct539528 (Entrez Gene)
KCNJ3GeneProduct526088 (Entrez Gene)
KCNJ5GeneProduct539844 (Entrez Gene)
LOC100139910GeneProduct100139910 (Entrez Gene)
LOC100140301GeneProduct100140301 (Entrez Gene)
LOC100140553GeneProduct100140553 (Entrez Gene)
LOC517006GeneProduct517006 (Entrez Gene)
LOC615374GeneProduct615374 (Entrez Gene)
LOC781283GeneProduct781283 (Entrez Gene)
PKIAGeneProduct613524 (Entrez Gene)
PKIGGeneProduct404169 (Entrez Gene)
PLCB3GeneProduct515669 (Entrez Gene)
PLNGeneProduct100125240 (Entrez Gene)
PRKACAGeneProduct282322 (Entrez Gene)
PRKACBGeneProduct282323 (Entrez Gene)
PRKAR1AGeneProduct615074 (Entrez Gene) KAP0 HUMAN
PRKAR1BGeneProduct505370 (Entrez Gene)
PRKAR2BGeneProduct282463 (Entrez Gene)
PRKCAGeneProduct282001 (Entrez Gene)
PRKCBGeneProduct282325 (Entrez Gene)
PRKCDGeneProduct505708 (Entrez Gene)
PRKCEGeneProduct507041 (Entrez Gene) This EST is listed on the Affymetrix Murine6500 chip. The SwissProt entry name is KPCE MOUSE.
PRKCGGeneProduct282002 (Entrez Gene)
PRKCHGeneProduct518542 (Entrez Gene)
PRKCQGeneProduct505901 (Entrez Gene)
PRKCZGeneProduct286877 (Entrez Gene)
PRKD1GeneProduct533270 (Entrez Gene) KPCM HUMAN
RGS10GeneProduct614550 (Entrez Gene)
RGS11GeneProduct521040 (Entrez Gene)
RGS14GeneProduct532605 (Entrez Gene)
RGS1GeneProduct540836 (Entrez Gene)
RGS16GeneProduct282035 (Entrez Gene)
RGS17GeneProduct504255 (Entrez Gene)
RGS18GeneProduct613624 (Entrez Gene)
RGS19GeneProduct539036 (Entrez Gene)
RGS20GeneProduct614441 (Entrez Gene)
RGS2GeneProduct616414 (Entrez Gene)
RGS3GeneProduct527349 (Entrez Gene)
RGS4GeneProduct617437 (Entrez Gene)
RGS5GeneProduct540509 (Entrez Gene)
RGS6GeneProduct517545 (Entrez Gene)
RGS7GeneProduct281452 (Entrez Gene)
RGS9GeneProduct281453 (Entrez Gene)
RYR1GeneProduct281473 (Entrez Gene)
RYR2GeneProduct537376 (Entrez Gene)
RYR3GeneProduct539899 (Entrez Gene)
SFNGeneProduct528453 (Entrez Gene)
SLC8A1GeneProduct337925 (Entrez Gene)
SLC8A3GeneProduct540307 (Entrez Gene)
YWHABGeneProduct286863 (Entrez Gene)
YWHAEGeneProduct282125 (Entrez Gene)
YWHAGGeneProduct286862 (Entrez Gene)
YWHAHGeneProduct282126 (Entrez Gene)
YWHAQGeneProduct768311 (Entrez Gene)
YWHAZGeneProduct287022 (Entrez Gene) PMID: 9861170 PMID: 1317796

Annotated Interactions

No annotated interactions
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