Calcium regulation in cardiac cells (Pan troglodytes)

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1Ca2+Protein Kinase CDAGgCalsequestrin S-CaGGNa+CaM kinaseP2+Cytosolic Ca2+PKA InhibitorsMembraneDepolarizationCalsequestrin C-CabgCaIP3PIP2IP4K+Ca2+GRKCytosolic CaK+2+Dihydropyridine-SensitiveM1 Muscarinic ReceptorCyclasesL-Type Ca2+ ChannelPKC inhibitor Protein-1bbgAdrenergic ReceptorFKBP12CaM kinaseK+Ca2+Epinephrine2+Regulators of G-proteinGap Junctions (Connexins)2+GG alpha i/o/zbgSignalingAdenylylADP + Piarrestin/GRKAdrenergic ReceptorcAMPPhopholambanNa+Calreticulin-CaPIP3 ReceptorsG alpha i/o/zarrestin/GRKIP3 ReceptorsRepolarizationGCalmodulin2+Na+/K+ ATPase2+b2+CaConnexinADP + PiNa+/Ca2+ Exchanger2+Protein Kinase AGNa2+2+CaCaAdenylyl CyclasesbSRCa2+Protein Kinase ACytosolic Ca2+ConnexinEpinephrineaCytosolbeta ArrestinCabPRKCHRYR1PRKAR1AGNAI2GNB1ATP1B2GNAO1PRKCDCASQ1GJA5CACNA1ECAMK2GGJA8ADCY4CHRM1KCNB1YWHAHATP1B1PRKCB1GJB3YWHAQITPR2PLCB3ATP2B3RGS5PKIACASQ2ADRA1ACALM1CACNB3GNB4CHRM3RGS16ITPR3PRKAR2ACHRM2ADCY7YWHAECAMK4ATP1B3ADRB1PLCB3CAMK1FKBP1ARGS7CHRM4CAMK2AATP1A4ATPGNAI3GNG8GJD2RGS1ADPGRK4SFNGRK5FXYD2RYR3GJA4GJC1RGS11RGS3SLC8A1GNG4RGS6RGS2GNB5PRKAR1BADRA1BITPR1GJB1GNGT1KCNJ5GNG2GNG12GNAI1GNAQGNG11PRKCHADRB2GNG7PRKAR2BPRKACBADCY9ADCY8GNASRGS19GNG13PKIBCACNA1DARRB2GJB4GNB2CAMK2DANXA6YWHAGGJB2PRKCGSLC8A3YWHAZPRKACAADCY2CACNA1ARGS4RGS14CAMK2BPRKCZPRKCARGS18RGS20ADCY3CHRM5GJB5ADRB3GNG5ATPKCNJ3GJA10RGS10ADRA1DRHOXF2CALM2GJA3ATPCACNA1SPLNADCY5PKIGRYR2CALM3CACNA1CATPATP2A2ARRB1GNB3GJC2AcetylcholineGJB6YWHABADCY6CACNB1ATP2B2PRKCEATP2A3PRKCQADCY1GNAZPRKD1GNG3ATP2B1CALRGJA1RGS17RGS9CACNA1BGRK6GNA11


Description

Calcium is a common signaling mechanism, as once it enters the cytoplasm it exerts allosteric regulatory affects on many enzymes and proteins. Calcium can act in signal transduction after influx resulting from activation of ion channels or as a second messenger caused by indirect signal transduction pathways such as G protein-coupled receptors. Movement of calcium ions from the extracellular compartment to the intracellular compartment alters membrane depolarisation. This is seen in the heart, during the plateau phase of ventricular contraction. In this example, calcium acts to maintain depolarisation of the heart. Source: Wikipedia

Comments

HomologyConvert 
This pathway was inferred from Homo sapiens pathway WP536(r21808) with a 64% conversion rate.

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Bibliography

  1. Marks AR; ''Calcium and the heart: a question of life and death.''; J Clin Invest, 2003 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia

History

View all...
CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
117383view10:31, 21 May 2021EweitzModified title
107227view14:32, 17 September 2019MaintBotChEBI identifier normalization
106937view13:40, 17 September 2019MaintBotHMDB identifier normalization
95763view14:13, 19 January 2018MkutmonHomology conversion update
69294view18:41, 8 July 2013MaintBotUpdated to 2013 gpml schema
67777view14:01, 26 June 2013Christine ChichesterOntology Term : 'calcium/calcium-mediated signaling pathway' added !
48162view19:01, 9 May 2012MaintBotUpdating from human to fix xrefs
41604view02:02, 2 March 2011MaintBotRemoved redundant pathway information and comments
35450view11:45, 12 February 2010ThomasModified description
35448view11:44, 12 February 2010Thomasadded literature
34333view22:16, 9 December 2009MaintBotAutomatic update of empty xrefs
33578view09:48, 1 December 2009MaintBotRemoved group label
31600view22:08, 13 August 2009MaintBotFixed text labels
30492view21:39, 29 July 2009MaintBotNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

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NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
ADCY1GeneProduct463392 (Entrez Gene) CYA1 HUMAN
ADCY2GeneProduct461715 (Entrez Gene) There is no SwissProt entry for a full-length sequence in mouse. This EST is from the Affymetrix Murine6500 chip.
ADCY3GeneProduct459070 (Entrez Gene)
ADCY4GeneProduct452819 (Entrez Gene) There is no SwissProt entry for a full-length sequence in mouse. This EST is from the Affymetrix Murine6500 chip.
ADCY5GeneProduct470905 (Entrez Gene) There is no SwissProt entry for a full-length sequence in mouse. This EST is from the Affymetrix Murine6500 chip.
ADCY6GeneProduct451866 (Entrez Gene)
ADCY7GeneProduct473278 (Entrez Gene)
ADCY8GeneProduct464400 (Entrez Gene)
ADCY9GeneProduct453869 (Entrez Gene)
ADPMetabolite
ADRA1AGeneProduct
ADRA1BGeneProduct
ADRA1DGeneProduct469869 (Entrez Gene)
ADRB1GeneProduct466206 (Entrez Gene)
ADRB2GeneProduct471690 (Entrez Gene)
ADRB3GeneProduct464113 (Entrez Gene)
ANXA6GeneProduct462198 (Entrez Gene)
ARRB1GeneProduct451424 (Entrez Gene)
ARRB2GeneProduct454450 (Entrez Gene)
ATP1A4GeneProduct458010 (Entrez Gene)
ATP1B1GeneProduct457497 (Entrez Gene)
ATP1B2GeneProduct749043 (Entrez Gene)
ATP1B3GeneProduct746692 (Entrez Gene)
ATP2A2GeneProduct452231 (Entrez Gene)
ATP2A3GeneProduct
ATP2B1GeneProduct452116 (Entrez Gene)
ATP2B2GeneProduct460168 (Entrez Gene)
ATP2B3GeneProduct
ATPMetabolite
AcetylcholineMetabolite
CACNA1AGeneProduct
CACNA1BGeneProduct464893 (Entrez Gene)
CACNA1CGeneProduct
CACNA1DGeneProduct460447 (Entrez Gene)
CACNA1EGeneProduct
CACNA1SGeneProduct469635 (Entrez Gene)
CACNB1GeneProduct454624 (Entrez Gene)
CACNB3GeneProduct451867 (Entrez Gene)
CALM1GeneProduct738819 (Entrez Gene)
CALM2GeneProduct459213 (Entrez Gene)
CALM3GeneProduct456153 (Entrez Gene)
CALRGeneProduct455756 (Entrez Gene)
CAMK1GeneProduct460153 (Entrez Gene)
CAMK2AGeneProduct462189 (Entrez Gene)
CAMK2BGeneProduct
CAMK2DGeneProduct461445 (Entrez Gene)
CAMK2GGeneProduct738330 (Entrez Gene)
CAMK4GeneProduct461992 (Entrez Gene)
CASQ1GeneProduct746678 (Entrez Gene)
CASQ2GeneProduct457150 (Entrez Gene)
CHRM1GeneProduct451272 (Entrez Gene)
CHRM2GeneProduct463758 (Entrez Gene)
CHRM3GeneProduct469725 (Entrez Gene)
CHRM4GeneProduct466504 (Entrez Gene)
CHRM5GeneProduct503515 (Entrez Gene)
FKBP1AGeneProduct749347 (Entrez Gene)
FXYD2GeneProduct466793 (Entrez Gene)
GJA10GeneProduct
GJA1GeneProduct744245 (Entrez Gene)
GJA3GeneProduct467218 (Entrez Gene)
GJA4GeneProduct469273 (Entrez Gene)
GJA5GeneProduct457250 (Entrez Gene)
GJA8GeneProduct469474 (Entrez Gene)
GJB1GeneProduct465696 (Entrez Gene)
GJB2GeneProduct467220 (Entrez Gene)
GJB3GeneProduct
GJB4GeneProduct469272 (Entrez Gene)
GJB5GeneProduct469271 (Entrez Gene)
GJB6GeneProduct
GJC1GeneProduct454736 (Entrez Gene)
GJC2GeneProduct739535 (Entrez Gene)
GJD2GeneProduct453306 (Entrez Gene)
GNA11GeneProduct
GNAI1GeneProduct472425 (Entrez Gene)
GNAI2GeneProduct744773 (Entrez Gene)
GNAI3GeneProduct457093 (Entrez Gene)
GNAO1GeneProduct450173 (Entrez Gene)
GNAQGeneProduct
GNASGeneProduct469986 (Entrez Gene)
GNAZGeneProduct458693 (Entrez Gene)
GNB1GeneProduct469458 (Entrez Gene)
GNB2GeneProduct739897 (Entrez Gene)
GNB3GeneProduct
GNB4GeneProduct460862 (Entrez Gene)
GNB5GeneProduct
GNG11GeneProduct747185 (Entrez Gene)
GNG12GeneProduct
GNG13GeneProduct749882 (Entrez Gene)
GNG2GeneProduct467457 (Entrez Gene)
GNG3GeneProduct740869 (Entrez Gene)
GNG4GeneProduct743331 (Entrez Gene)
GNG5GeneProduct740817 (Entrez Gene)
GNG7GeneProduct744391 (Entrez Gene)
GNG8GeneProduct745587 (Entrez Gene)
GNGT1GeneProduct747170 (Entrez Gene)
GRK4GeneProduct461082 (Entrez Gene)
GRK5GeneProduct466217 (Entrez Gene)
GRK6GeneProduct471760 (Entrez Gene)
ITPR1GeneProduct460134 (Entrez Gene)
ITPR2GeneProduct473389 (Entrez Gene)
ITPR3GeneProduct462618 (Entrez Gene)
KCNB1GeneProduct469965 (Entrez Gene)
KCNJ3GeneProduct737029 (Entrez Gene)
KCNJ5GeneProduct451660 (Entrez Gene)
PKIAGeneProduct
PKIBGeneProduct
PKIGGeneProduct
PLCB3GeneProduct
PLNGeneProduct
PRKACAGeneProduct455776 (Entrez Gene)
PRKACBGeneProduct469367 (Entrez Gene)
PRKAR1AGeneProduct454845 (Entrez Gene) KAP0 HUMAN
PRKAR1BGeneProduct
PRKAR2AGeneProduct
PRKAR2BGeneProduct744011 (Entrez Gene)
PRKCAGeneProduct454832 (Entrez Gene)
PRKCB1GeneProduct
PRKCDGeneProduct
PRKCEGeneProductThis EST is listed on the Affymetrix Murine6500 chip. The SwissProt entry name is KPCE MOUSE.
PRKCGGeneProduct456276 (Entrez Gene)
PRKCHGeneProduct746068 (Entrez Gene)
PRKCQGeneProduct450288 (Entrez Gene)
PRKCZGeneProduct743533 (Entrez Gene)
PRKD1GeneProduct452834 (Entrez Gene) KPCM HUMAN
RGS10GeneProduct741334 (Entrez Gene)
RGS11GeneProduct453788 (Entrez Gene)
RGS14GeneProduct471758 (Entrez Gene)
RGS1GeneProduct457594 (Entrez Gene)
RGS16GeneProduct
RGS17GeneProduct737204 (Entrez Gene)
RGS18GeneProduct457592 (Entrez Gene)
RGS19GeneProduct458459 (Entrez Gene)
RGS20GeneProduct740330 (Entrez Gene)
RGS2GeneProduct469623 (Entrez Gene)
RGS3GeneProduct473028 (Entrez Gene)
RGS4GeneProduct457470 (Entrez Gene)
RGS5GeneProduct457471 (Entrez Gene)
RGS6GeneProduct453009 (Entrez Gene)
RGS7GeneProduct469729 (Entrez Gene)
RGS9GeneProduct454829 (Entrez Gene)
RHOXF2GeneProduct473763 (Entrez Gene)
RYR1GeneProduct
RYR2GeneProduct457846 (Entrez Gene)
RYR3GeneProduct
SFNGeneProduct737412 (Entrez Gene)
SLC8A1GeneProduct470358 (Entrez Gene)
SLC8A3GeneProduct467491 (Entrez Gene)
YWHABGeneProduct
YWHAEGeneProduct454409 (Entrez Gene)
YWHAGGeneProduct463489 (Entrez Gene)
YWHAHGeneProduct458778 (Entrez Gene)
YWHAQGeneProduct470302 (Entrez Gene)
YWHAZGeneProduct472830 (Entrez Gene) PMID: 9861170 PMID: 1317796

Annotated Interactions

No annotated interactions
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