Flowering time pathway (Hordeum vulgare)

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To be integrated: 7, 13PhotoperiodHvCENHvLUX1VRN-H1HvGIVRN-H2HvCO2HvELF3(Eam8)VRN-H3(HvFT1)HvCO9Ppd-H2(HvFT3)HvCO1HvFT4Ppd-H1(HvPRR7)HvFT223225, 9, 14, 172, 4, 10, 228, 212082, 14, 2211, 231, 8, 1215, 193, 5, 1716, 186FloweringLegendInhibitionPromotionno direct interaction provenLong Days (LD)Short Days (SD)VernalizationCircadian clockPathway name


Description

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), a cereal species with major economic and agricultural impact, is a facultative long-day plant, i.e. it flowers earlier in response to long days than to short days. Flowering time genes of the photoperiod, vernalization and circadian clock pathways are best studied in barley. The Ppd-H1 gene, a pseudo-response regulator gene, is thought to be key for flowering induction under long days. Further important genes which convey flowering in barley under both photoperiods are homologs of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and CONSTANS (CO). Flowering in response to vernalization is economically important in temperate cereals like barley and wheat and is controlled by the interaction of Vrn-H1 and Vrn-H2.

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Bibliography

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  1. Zakhrabekova S, Gough SP, Braumann I, Müller AH, Lundqvist J, Ahmann K, Dockter C, Matyszczak I, Kurowska M, Druka A, Waugh R, Graner A, Stein N, Steuernagel B, Lundqvist U, Hansson M; ''Induced mutations in circadian clock regulator Mat-a facilitated short-season adaptation and range extension in cultivated barley.''; Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2012 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  2. Kikuchi R, Kawahigashi H, Ando T, Tonooka T, Handa H; ''Molecular and functional characterization of PEBP genes in barley reveal the diversification of their roles in flowering.''; Plant Physiol, 2009 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  3. Jones H, Leigh FJ, Mackay I, Bower MA, Smith LM, Charles MP, Jones G, Jones MK, Brown TA, Powell W; ''Population-based resequencing reveals that the flowering time adaptation of cultivated barley originated east of the Fertile Crescent.''; Mol Biol Evol, 2008 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  4. Casao MC, Karsai I, Igartua E, Gracia MP, Veisz O, Casas AM; ''Adaptation of barley to mild winters: a role for PPDH2.''; BMC Plant Biol, 2011 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  5. Cuesta-Marcos A, Szucs P, Close TJ, Filichkin T, Muehlbauer GJ, Smith KP, Hayes PM; ''Genome-wide SNPs and re-sequencing of growth habit and inflorescence genes in barley: implications for association mapping in germplasm arrays varying in size and structure.''; BMC Genomics, 2010 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  6. Dubcovsky J., Chen C., Yan L.; ''Molecular characterization of the allelic variation at the VRN-H2 vernalization locus in barley''; Molecular Breeding 15: 395-407, 2005 DOI Scholia
  7. Wang G, Schmalenbach I, von Korff M, Léon J, Kilian B, Rode J, Pillen K; ''Association of barley photoperiod and vernalization genes with QTLs for flowering time and agronomic traits in a BC2DH population and a set of wild barley introgression lines.''; Theor Appl Genet, 2010 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  8. Matsumoto T, Tanaka T, Sakai H, Amano N, Kanamori H, Kurita K, Kikuta A, Kamiya K, Yamamoto M, Ikawa H, Fujii N, Hori K, Itoh T, Sato K; ''Comprehensive sequence analysis of 24,783 barley full-length cDNAs derived from 12 clone libraries.''; Plant Physiol, 2011 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  9. Karsai I, Szucs P, Koszegi B, Hayes PM, Casas A, Bedo Z, Veisz O; ''Effects of photo and thermo cycles on flowering time in barley: a genetical phenomics approach.''; J Exp Bot, 2008 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  10. Casao MC, Igartua E, Karsai I, Lasa JM, Gracia MP, Casas AM; ''Expression analysis of vernalization and day-length response genes in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) indicates that VRNH2 is a repressor of PPDH2 (HvFT3) under long days.''; J Exp Bot, 2011 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  11. Campoli C, Shtaya M, Davis SJ, von Korff M; ''Expression conservation within the circadian clock of a monocot: natural variation at barley Ppd-H1 affects circadian expression of flowering time genes, but not clock orthologs.''; BMC Plant Biol, 2012 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  12. Faure S, Turner AS, Gruszka D, Christodoulou V, Davis SJ, von Korff M, Laurie DA; ''Mutation at the circadian clock gene EARLY MATURITY 8 adapts domesticated barley (Hordeum vulgare) to short growing seasons.''; Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2012 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  13. Mayer KF, Waugh R, Brown JW, Schulman A, Langridge P, Platzer M, Fincher GB, Muehlbauer GJ, Sato K, Close TJ, Wise RP, Stein N; ''A physical, genetic and functional sequence assembly of the barley genome.''; Nature, 2012 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
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  20. Comadran J, Kilian B, Russell J, Ramsay L, Stein N, Ganal M, Shaw P, Bayer M, Thomas W, Marshall D, Hedley P, Tondelli A, Pecchioni N, Francia E, Korzun V, Walther A, Waugh R; ''Natural variation in a homolog of Antirrhinum CENTRORADIALIS contributed to spring growth habit and environmental adaptation in cultivated barley.''; Nat Genet, 2012 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  21. Kikuchi R, Kawahigashi H, Oshima M, Ando T, Handa H; ''The differential expression of HvCO9, a member of the CONSTANS-like gene family, contributes to the control of flowering under short-day conditions in barley.''; J Exp Bot, 2012 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  22. Faure S, Higgins J, Turner A, Laurie DA; ''''; , PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
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History

View all...
CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
128704view22:01, 20 February 2024EgonwFixed the data source of a few identifiers
125287view16:44, 31 January 2023LarsgwAdd DOI to reference
117227view09:42, 19 May 2021EweitzModified title
105014view08:28, 28 June 2019FehrhartPathway nodes to labels (there are no pathways to link)
105013view08:19, 28 June 2019Fehrhartconnected lines
88461view17:51, 9 August 2016MbluemelOntology Term : 'signaling pathway' added !
88460view17:50, 9 August 2016MbluemelOntology Term : 'PW:0001115' removed !
81146view14:34, 28 July 2015Mbluemelupdated interactions, connected lines
81145view09:27, 28 July 2015MbluemelModified description
78777view23:59, 26 January 2015AlexanderPicoOntology Term : 'non-visual phototransduction pathway' added !
73627view21:33, 8 February 2014MaintBotremoving false data nodes
73626view21:29, 8 February 2014MaintBotRemoving double-lined rectangle
73625view21:25, 8 February 2014MaintBotNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

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NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
HvCENGeneProductK7QT26 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
HvCO1GeneProductMLOC_6921 (Ensembl) Chromosome: 7H
HvCO2GeneProductQ8L581 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) Chromosome: 6H
HvCO9GeneProductMLOC_75450 (Ensembl)
HvELF3 (Eam8)GeneProductMLOC_75281 (Ensembl)
HvFT2GeneProductA0S6X4 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) Chromosome: 3H
HvFT4GeneProductMLOC_74854 (Ensembl) Chromosome: 2H
HvGIGeneProductMLOC_18291 (Ensembl)
HvLUX1GeneProductAK357505 (EMBL)
Ppd-H1 (HvPRR7)GeneProductMLOC_81154 (Ensembl)
  • pseudo-response regulator gene
  • Chromosome: 2H
Ppd-H2 (HvFT3)GeneProduct
  • Chromosome: 1H
  • pseudoresponse regulator gene
VRN-H1GeneProductMLOC_61901 (Ensembl)
  • MADS-box transcription factor
  • Chromosome: 5H
VRN-H2GeneProductQ68I23 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
  • zinc finger motif and CCT domain
  • Chromosome: 4H
VRN-H3 (HvFT1)GeneProductMLOC_68576 (Ensembl) Chromosome: 7H

Annotated Interactions

No annotated interactions

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