Pathophysiology of age-related macular degeneration (Homo sapiens)

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ArcPathVisio Brace Ellipse EndoplasmicReticulum GolgiApparatus HexagonPathVisio MimDegradation Mitochondria Octagon PentagonPathVisio Rectangle RoundedRectangle SarcoplasmicReticulum TriangleEquilateralEast TrianglePathVisio none PhotoreceptorsRetinal pigmentepithelial cellsBruch's membraneChoroidal capillariesMitochondrial dysfunctionStress responseLipid metabolismand transportAPOELIPCBAIAP2L2LSSABCA4CETPGPX4PRMT6RAD51BTNFRSF10ARDH5BLOC1S1TSPAN10PTPN11ARHGAP21Defective visual cyclePhagocytosisProtein degradationEndocytosisDry AMDComplement cascade activationChronic inflammationCFHC2CFBCFIC3C9PILRBVTNARMS2Wet AMDVEGFATGFBR1ADAMTS9MMP9MMP19Remodeling of extracellular matrixCOLBA1COL10A1COL4A3TIMP3ADAMTS9TGFBR1HTRA1B3GALTLRPEDrusenChoroidRPEChoroidDrusen depositsAbnormal RPE pigmentationRPE atrophyGeographic atrophyChoroidal neovascularizationAngiogenesisBreakdown of Bruch's membraneExudative AMDNormal eyeName: Pathophysiology of age-related macular degenerationOrganism: Homo sapiens


Description

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) affects 13% of Americans aged 40 and older. It degrades vision and, if severe, causes blindness. It is marked by the degeneration of photoreceptor cells and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), leading to distinct atrophic areas in the macula. Individuals with geographic atrophy often experience a slow and painless decline in central vision. This makes it difficult to read, recognize faces, or do other tasks that need good vision. Inspired by Figure 3 in [Rajanala et al. (2023)](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11182118).

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Quality Tags

Image:Curated.pngApproved version

Ontology Terms

Bibliography

  1. Rajanala K, Dotiwala F, Upadhyay A; ''Geographic atrophy: pathophysiology and current therapeutic strategies.''; Front Ophthalmol (Lausanne), 2023 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia

History

View all...
CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
138413
Approved
view13:55, 6 April 2025EweitzUpgrade visual cycle, complement cascade nodes to pathways
138395view19:21, 5 April 2025EweitzModified description
138394view19:19, 5 April 2025EweitzOntology Term : 'retinal pigment epithelial cell' added !
138393view12:22, 5 April 2025EweitzModified description
138392view12:13, 5 April 2025EweitzLabel eye
138391view12:06, 5 April 2025EweitzRefine graphics
138390view11:57, 5 April 2025EweitzFix PathVisio / Kaavio graphical discrepancy
138389view11:55, 5 April 2025EweitzRefine graphics
138388view11:51, 5 April 2025EweitzAdd molecular phenotypes for wet AMD
138387view11:46, 5 April 2025EweitzRefine normal, wet AMD graphics
138386view11:43, 5 April 2025EweitzRefine graphics
138385view11:41, 5 April 2025EweitzFill color
138384view11:33, 5 April 2025EweitzEconomize layout
138383view11:31, 5 April 2025EweitzEconomize layout
138382view11:28, 5 April 2025EweitzAdd molecular effects for dry AMD
138381view11:12, 5 April 2025EweitzAdd cell graphics for wet AMD
138380view11:01, 5 April 2025EweitzRefine arrangement, graphics
138379view10:56, 5 April 2025EweitzAdd dry AMD graphics
138378view10:42, 5 April 2025EweitzEconomize layout
138371view01:58, 2 April 2025EweitzAdd gene, phenotype nodes
138370view01:49, 2 April 2025EweitzAdd gene, phenotype, disease nodes
138369view01:36, 2 April 2025EweitzColor cells
138367view11:30, 1 April 2025EweitzColor cells
138365view03:12, 1 April 2025EweitzOntology Term : 'age related macular degeneration' added !
138364view03:11, 1 April 2025EweitzAdd interaction
138363view03:10, 1 April 2025EweitzAdd literature reference
138362view03:10, 1 April 2025EweitzAdd disease node
138361view03:06, 1 April 2025EweitzAdd genes, phenotypes
138360view02:57, 1 April 2025EweitzAdd genes, phenotypes
138359view02:48, 1 April 2025EweitzLabel cell types
138358view02:46, 1 April 2025EweitzNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

View all...
Name  ↓Type  ↓Database reference  ↓Comment  ↓
ABCA4GeneProduct
ADAMTS9GeneProduct
APOEGeneProduct
ARHGAP21GeneProduct
ARMS2GeneProduct
B3GALTLGeneProduct
BAIAP2L2GeneProduct
BLOC1S1GeneProduct
C2GeneProduct
C3GeneProduct
C9GeneProduct
CETPGeneProduct
CFBGeneProduct
CFHGeneProduct
CFIGeneProduct
COL10A1GeneProduct
COL4A3GeneProduct
COLBA1GeneProduct
Chronic inflammation
Complement cascade activationPathwayWP545 (WikiPathways)
Defective visual cyclePathwayWP5534 (WikiPathways)
Dry AMD
Endocytosis
GPX4GeneProduct
HTRA1GeneProduct
LIPCGeneProduct
LSSGeneProduct
Lipid metabolism and transport
MMP19GeneProduct
MMP9GeneProduct
Mitochondrial dysfunction
Normal eye
PILRBGeneProduct
PRMT6GeneProduct
PTPN11GeneProduct
Phagocytosis
Protein degradation
RAD51BGeneProduct
RDH5GeneProduct
Remodeling of extracellular matrix
Stress response
TGFBR1GeneProduct
TIMP3GeneProduct
TNFRSF10AGeneProduct
TSPAN10GeneProduct
VEGFAGeneProduct
VTNGeneProduct
Wet AMD

Annotated Interactions

No annotated interactions

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