Oxidative stress response (Canis familiaris)

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Oxidative stress represents an imbalance between the production and manifestation of reactive oxygen species and a biological system's ability to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or to repair the resulting damage. Disturbances in the normal redox state of tissues can cause toxic effects through the production of peroxides and free radicals that damage all components of the cell, including proteins, lipids, and DNA. Some reactive oxidative species can even act as messengers through a phenomenon called redox signaling.

In humans, oxidative stress is involved in many diseases. Examples include sickle cell disease,[1] atherosclerosis, Parkinson's disease, heart failure, myocardial infarction, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, fragile X syndrome[2] and chronic fatigue syndrome, but short-term oxidative stress may also be important in prevention of aging by induction of a process named mitohormesis.[3] Reactive oxygen species can be beneficial, as they are used by the immune system as a way to attack and kill pathogens.

Source: [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxidative_stress)

GenMAPP notes 

Adapted from Biochem J 1999 Sep 15;342 Pt 3:481-96 Morel Y, Barouki R. Repression of gene expression by oxidative stress. Biochem J 1999 Sep 15;342 Pt 3:481-96

GenMAPP remarks 

Adapted from rat by GenMAPP.org

HomologyConvert 

This pathway was inferred from Homo sapiens pathway WP408(r21540) with a 79% conversion rate.