Alzheimer's disease and miRNA effects (Homo sapiens)
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IRS2
ATG14
Neuron
ER
2, 4, 6-8, 10...
17
3, 18, 29
38
26
16
28
5, 38
9
20
3
3
26
27
14
17
Anterograde cargo
Legend
Microtubule
Microglia
ULK complex
PI3K complex
Insulin resistance
Cell death
ATP depletion
Impairement of autophagy
APP Intracellular
domain
Nonamyloidogenic
APP processing
Calcium overload
Reduction in LTP
Fragmentation
Oligomeric
amyloid beta
Gene mutated in Alzheimer's
Neuronal Injury
Mitochondrial dysfunction
Neurofibrillary
tangles
Defective insulin
signaling
Antioxidant responses
Amino acid metabolism
Amyloid beta
Decreased AB
clearance
Mitochondiral dysfunction
MPTP
ER chaperones
Kinesin 1
Impaired neuronal
insulin signaling
Decreased energy
production?
superoxide
APP intracellular
domain
AGEs
NO
TNFRSF1A
IP3
PI3P
Modulation of gene expression
Cu+
NAC fragment
Hydrogen peroxide
p50 ATF6
Wnt signaling pathway
MAPT
MIR101
Calcium signaling
pathway
RAGE
NAE1
Oxidative phosphorylation
Ca2+
Apoptosis
Fe2+
P3 peptide
Induction of apoptosis
RTN3
Protein oxidation
APP
beta-amyloid protein 40
1
APBB1
GAPDH
ADAM10
BACE1
PSENEN
PSEN1
NCSTN
APH1A
IDE
MME
LPL
APOE
LRP1
FAS
TNFRSF1A
FADD
CASP8
Cx I
Cx II
Cx III
Cx IV
Cx V
APP processing
HSD17B10
Fall in mitochondrial
membrane potential
Increased ROS
Degradation
BID
CYCS
CALM1
BAD
CALM2
P
CALM3
CALML3
CALML5
PPP3CA
PPP3CB
PPP3CC
PPP3R1
PPP3R2
ADAM17
PSEN2
APAF1
CASP9
CASP3
AB Aggregation
SNCA
Senile plaque
GPCR
GRIN1
CACNA1C
GRIN2A
GRIN2B
GRIN2C
GRIN2D
CACNA1D
CACNA1F
CACNA1S
GNAQ
PLCB1
PLCB2
PLCB3
PLCB4
Aggr. amyloid
TNF
IL1B
MAPK1
MAPK3
CASP12
Apoptosis
RYR3
ATP2A2
ATP2A1
ATP2A3
EIF2AK3
ERN1
ATF6
ITPR1
ITPR2
ITPR3
Ca2+
Ca2+
ER stress
CAPN1
CAPN2
CDK5R1 / p35
CDK5R1 / p25
NOS1
CDK5
MAPT
P
CASP3
CASP7
Paired helical
filaments
Neurofibrillary
tangles
Apoptosis
DNA damage
Inflammation
Lipid peroxidation
ONOO-
Based on Table 1 from Burgos et al, PLoS ONE 2014 May.
19
miRNA differentially expressed in AD
(measured in cerebrospinal fluid)
MIR199B
MIR381
MIR181B1
MIR124-2
MIR181D
MIR124-1
MIR760
MIR184
MIR136
MIR181A1
MIR598
MIR181A2
MIR127
MIR34B
MIR101-1
MIR95
MIR488
MIR138-2
MIR769
MIR218-1
MIR181B2
MIR138-1
MIR218-2
MIR495
MIR708
MIR874
MIR873
MIR129-1
MIR129-2
MIR139
MIR3200
MIR431
MIR9-1
MIR9-2
MIR9-3
MIR326
MIR377
MIR433
MIR323A
MIR134
MIR329-1
MIR329-2
MIR10A
MIR33B
MIR410
MIR708
miRNA differentially expressed in AD
(measured in blood serum)
MIR219-2
MIR22
MIR125B1
MIR1307
MIR34C
MIR34B
MIR887
MIR182
MIR135A1
MIR135A2
MIR184
MIR127
MIR30C2
MIR873
MIR125A
MIR671
MIR21
MIR1285-2
MIR375
MIR3176
MIR124-3
MIR29A
MIR29B1
MIR29C
MIR132
MIR34C
MIR375
MIR124-3
MIR9-1
MIR138-2
MIR138-2
MIR132
MIR21
MIR21
MIR21
MIR21
MIR21
RTN4
Hyperinsulinemia
Sequestration of
IDE
Concentrated into
endosome/lysosome
INS
INSR
IRS1
P
P
P
IRS4
PPID
MCU
Ca2+
Ca2+
Ca2+
beta-amyloid protein 42
beta-amyloid protein 40
beta-amyloid protein 42
AKT1
AKT2
AKT3
PIK3CA
PIK3R1
PIK3R2
PIK3CB
PIK3CD
PIK3R3
PIP3
EIF2AK2
MAPK8
MAPK9
MAPK10
GPR83
CHUK
IKBKB
Synaptic dysfunction
Impaired memory
CHRNA7
CYBB
NOX1
NOX4
NFKB1
RELA
(Tau-p)n
NRAS
KRAS
HRAS
RAF1
ARAF
BRAF
NOS2
TNF
IL1A
IL1B
PTGS2
IL6
CSF1
DKK1
35
DKK2
DKK4
MTOR
ULK2
ULK1
P
P
ATG13
ATG101
RB1CC1
BECN1
P
BECN2
PIK3R4
NRBF2
PIK3C3
P
AMBRA1
ATG2A
ATG2B
WIPI1
WIPI2
PSEN1
GSK3B
beta-amyloid protein 40
beta-amyloid protein 42
Ca2+
Ca2+
KLC3
KIF5A
KIF5B
KIF5C
KLC1
KLC2
KLC4
P
TUBA1B
TUBA3E
TUBA3D
TUBA8
TUBA4A
TUBA3C
TUBA1A
TUBAL3
TUBA1C
TUBB3
TUBB4A
TUBB4B
TUBB
TUBB8
TUBB2B
TUBB2A
TUBB1
TUBB6
Axonal transport defects
Wnt
WNT3A
WNT7A
WNT11
WNT1
WNT5B
WNT2
WNT2B
WNT6
WNT5A
WNT16
WNT4
WNT3
WNT10B
WNT7B
WNT10A
WNT16
FZD3
FZD8
LRP5
FZD10
FZD7
FZD4
FZD1
LRP6
FZD6
FZD5
FZD9
FZD2
DVL3
FRAT1
CSNK1E
DVL2
DVL1
FRAT2
TPTEP2-CSNK1E
GSK3B
CSNK2B
CSNK2A1
CSNK2A3
CSNK2A2
APC
CSNK1A1
AXIN1
CSNK1A1L
AXIN2
APC2
CSNK1A1
CSNK1A1L
CTNNB1
P
P
P
PPP3CA
PPP3CB
PPP3CC
PPP3R1
PPP3R2
GSK3B
sAPP alpha
APP-C83
APP-C99
sAPP beta
EIF2S1
ATF4
DDIT3
TRAF2
MAP3K5
MAP2K7
MAPK8
P
P
MAPK10
P
MAPK9
P
P
P
XBP1
ER chaperones
ERAD
DDIT3
XBP1
Proteasome 20S
catalytic core (p45)
PSMA2
PSMB1
PSMA5
PSMB4
PSMB2
PSMA3
PSMA7
PSMA1
PSMB6
PSMA6
PSMB5
PSMA4
PSMB7
PSMB3
PSMA8
19S regulator
PSMD8
SEM1
PSMD1
PSMC6
PSMC5
PSMC4
PSMC3
PSMC2
PSMC1
PSMD7
PSMD6
ADRM1
PSMD4
PSMD3
PSMD2
PSMD14
PSMD13
PSMD12
PSMD9
PPIF
SLC25A4
SLC25A5
SLC25A6
VDAC1
VDAC2
VDAC3
SLC25A31
CALML4
CALML6
APH1B
Amyloidogenic
APP processing
beta-amyloid protein 40
beta-amyloid protein 42
Oligomeric
intracellular AB
Ca2+
MAP2K1
P
P
MAP2K2
P
P
MAPK1
P
P
MAPK3
P
P
beta-amyloid protein 40
beta-amyloid protein 42
PSEN1
PSEN2