Acute viral myocarditis (Homo sapiens)

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393283833Formation ofcaveosomesfor CVB3 uptake12, 19, 365, 21CAR/DAF complexCVB3HIVAdjacent cardiomyocytesExtracellular matrixPhosphorylated dimersmove to nucleusstimulate gene expressionPrimary profibrotic cytokineDegenerationApoptosis type I & IIHIV-triggered immune-mediated myocarditisSarcomerAD2DegradationCVB1Mature secreted formsViral antigensDystrophin deficiency leads to loss of the sarcoglycan complexpre-cursor to DCMIncreased expr.3, 28, 42, 43131215121beta catenin pathwayB cellViral genomic RNA24Max. release ofprogeny virionMyocyte necrosisFibrosisMyocyte atrophyType I induced apoptosisOverproduction of fibrofatty tissue in myocardiumDNAfragmentationCD8*T cellViral replication, inactivation of p21ras38CVB 1 3 5 can all bind to both CAR and DAFViral progeny releaseNucleusCoxsackie B virusUbiquitin-proteasome systemMatrix degradation9SarcoplasmHIV-117AutoreactiveantibodiesHost protein synthesis shutoffinduction of CPE18, 22Apoptotic cardiomyocyteERSarcolemmaEnterovirus-induced cardiomyopathy12Type II induced apoptosisVirus-specific antibodiesMyocyte dysfunctionDystrophinDecreased force transmissionIncreased cell permeabilitySarcoglycan complexAdenovirusCell cycle arrestCellular activationSuppresses cytopathic effectsLoss of mechanicalstability of the cell26Chaoticapoptosis and/or necrosisMyosinActin reorganizationViral replicationDNA fragmentationwithin nucleusMitochondrionCD4*T cellAntigen presenting cellCalcium pumpMyocyteInflammationAD2 and 5 solely bind the CARHIV-2T cell receptorsignaling pathwayImmune-mediatedmyocyte damage31t-Bid5Symptomatic arrhythmiasIL6STAT1IFNGSOCS1Endothelin-1EIF4G2JAK1STAT3IL10TGFB1ECM-receptor interactionNitric oxide synthaseganglioside GM118CASP8ACTBprostaglandin E238BAX2ATF-2SGCBILKCD48, 413C^PROFYNMMP9DAFRAC2ABL1BCL2L12RAF-1CASP2MK2pro-IL-1betaCASP6Tyrosine kinaseCASP7NOD227CCR5TLR3CYCS5, 9MEK 1/2PTCRAp53TNF-a4, 25BH3 Bid5peptidoglycan muramyl dipeptide11Catenin beta-1IgGHerbimycin Aglycophosphatidylinositol9, 37Pro-IL-18IL1CHRAC1MKK 3/6Ca2+AIF120CCND1JNK19TICAM1SOS1MAPK1RASA138SRC6, 40SGCATNFRSM5DFFB-45GSK3BAKT1MHCIIMHC-1CD55CARCXADRViral entryCVB32, 10T cell receptor alpha chain V regionSGCDHLA-DMAENDOG9, 16TLR4IL1PYCARDDFFA/ICADhsp27c-JunPerforin-1PIK39Cd28ITGALLAMA2CREB129, 30CXCR4ITGB2NFKB29CASP323, 34Matrix metalloproteinasesIL12AKRT835MYH6IL2RAC3DMD135 S A-particleBCL22DAP522A^PRODAG1-BTLR5T-cell receptor beta chain V regionStriated muscle contractionNLRP3CASP9MKK 4/7CCR3DystrophinDAG1-aMacrophage8EIF4G12, 22SGCGCD40LGBNIP2PARMyocarditisABL2reactive oxygen species generatorsNF-kBMAPK3CD80CAV1IgGcd86glycophosphatidylinositol37BH3 Bid2, 5Ca2+NucleusPTCRADecreased expr.Increased expr.? Promotes tissue fibrosis ?CAAP1PARP19PABPC1ProteasomeMAPK1IL12BCardiac antigensantigenantigen


Description

Viral myocarditis is a rare cardiac disease associated with the inflammation and injury of the myocardium. The downstream effects are a product of cooperation between viral processes and both the adaptive as innate host's immune response. Acute appearance of myocarditis is mostly idiopathic, i.e. of unknown origin. Primarily established on clinical observation and limited epidemiologic studies. Most studied cases are coxsackie, adeno and human immunodeficiency virus. Grey compartments describe extracellular matrix. Direct lines indicate downstream effects and dashed lines indicate speculative research.

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Bibliography

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History

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CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
134291view05:51, 20 July 2024EgonwRemoved template comments
128817view22:15, 22 February 2024EweitzOntology Term : 'CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell' added !
128816view22:14, 22 February 2024EweitzOntology Term : 'CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell' added !
128815view22:13, 22 February 2024EweitzOntology Term : 'professional antigen presenting cell' added !
128814view22:13, 22 February 2024EweitzOntology Term : 'B cell' added !
123508view05:00, 29 July 2022EgonwMade a pathway clickable
121698view03:38, 26 February 2022EweitzFix gene symbol
120527view02:02, 11 December 2021EweitzModified description
120524view00:19, 11 December 2021EweitzRefine graphics and labels
119226view18:37, 22 June 2021Finterlyadded PMID and DOI
116591view16:29, 8 May 2021EweitzModified title
110705view14:12, 28 May 2020Fehrhartadded label instead of node for mature secreted forms
110701view14:09, 28 May 2020Fehrhartreplaced antigen nodes with labels
110696view13:58, 28 May 2020Fehrhartupdated virus labels
110235view14:00, 29 April 2020EgonwNot a mim-conversion
109212view15:10, 27 February 2020FehrhartILK identifier
109211view15:01, 27 February 2020Fehrhartadeno virus particle
109209view14:34, 27 February 2020Marvin M2Converted line to graphical line
107305view14:37, 19 September 2019EgonwRemove an empty ChEBI identifier
107166view14:25, 17 September 2019MaintBotChEBI identifier normalization
106151view12:04, 16 August 2019MaintBotHMDB identifier normalization
98082view18:38, 17 July 2018Khanspersone more author name
98081view18:36, 17 July 2018Khanspersremoved empty comment field
98080view18:31, 17 July 2018Khanspersone more author name
98079view18:30, 17 July 2018Khanspersfixing faulty rendering of author names
98072view15:15, 16 July 2018Fehrhartadded some annotations
98071view14:37, 16 July 2018FehrhartModified description
97885view18:39, 17 June 2018Olivier.traetsupdated mim-interactions
97880view10:01, 14 June 2018Olivier.traetsUpdated cascade annotations
97878view09:19, 13 June 2018Olivier.traetsModified description
97845view20:59, 10 June 2018Olivier.traetsupdated secondary to primary identifier
97844view19:52, 10 June 2018Olivier.traetsUpdated cascade anotations
97843view19:39, 10 June 2018Olivier.traetsUpdated anotation
97842view19:33, 10 June 2018Olivier.traetsChanged a secundary to a primary identifier
97716view09:23, 7 June 2018Olivier.traetsAdditional data nodes
97711view21:25, 6 June 2018Olivier.traetsAdded complementary proteins
97708view13:56, 6 June 2018Olivier.traetsVisual update
97707view12:02, 6 June 2018Olivier.traetsVisual changes
97706view11:56, 6 June 2018Olivier.traetsVisual changes
97696view09:17, 3 June 2018EgonwModified title
97685view15:05, 1 June 2018EgonwReplaced a secondary ChEBI identifier with a primary identifier.
97615view11:45, 30 May 2018FehrhartOntology Term : 'viral infectious disease' added !
97614view11:44, 30 May 2018FehrhartOntology Term : 'cardiac muscle cell' added !
97613view11:43, 30 May 2018FehrhartOntology Term : 'myocarditis' added !
97612view11:43, 30 May 2018FehrhartOntology Term : 'myocarditis pathway' added !
97611view11:42, 30 May 2018FehrhartOntology Term : 'cardiomyopathy pathway' added !
97610view11:41, 30 May 2018FehrhartOntology Term : 'disease pathway' added !
97597view15:56, 28 May 2018Olivier.traetsModified title
97596view15:56, 28 May 2018Olivier.traetsNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

View all...
NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
135 S A-particleRna
2A^PROGeneProductMulders MN, Lipskaya GY, van der Avoort HG, Koopmans MP, Kew OM, van Loon AM.

Molecular epidemiology of wild poliovirus type 1 in Europe, the Middle East, and the Indian subcontinent. J Infect Dis 1995;171:1399-1405. 34. Mulders MN, Salminen M, Kalkkinen N, Hovi T. Molecular epidemiology of coxsackievirus B4 and disclosure of the correct VP1/2A(pro) cleavage site: evidence for high genomic diversity and long-term endemicity of distinct genotypes. J Gen Virol 2000;81 Part 3:803-812. 35. Rico-Hesse R, Pallansch MA, Nottay BK, Kew OM. Geographic distribution of wild poliovirus

type 1 genotypes. Virology 1987;160:311-322.
3C^PROGeneProduct
ABL1GeneProductENSG00000097007 (Ensembl)
ABL2GeneProductENSG00000143322 (Ensembl)
ACTBGeneProductENSG00000075624 (Ensembl)
AIF1GeneProductENSG00000204472 (Ensembl)
AKT1GeneProductENSG00000142208 (Ensembl)
ATF-2ProteinP16951 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
BAXGeneProductENSG00000087088 (Ensembl)
BCL2GeneProductENSG00000171791 (Ensembl)
BCL2L1GeneProductENSG00000171552 (Ensembl) BCL-XL
BH3 BidProteinA8ASI8 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
BNIP2GeneProductENSG00000140299 (Ensembl)
CAAP1GeneProductENSG00000120159 (Ensembl)
CAR CXADRProteinENSG00000154639 (Ensembl)
CASP2GeneProductENSG00000106144 (Ensembl)
CASP3GeneProductENSG00000164305 (Ensembl)
CASP6GeneProductENSG00000138794 (Ensembl)
CASP7GeneProductENSG00000165806 (Ensembl)
CASP8ProteinENSG00000064012 (Ensembl)
CASP9GeneProductENSG00000132906 (Ensembl)
CAV1GeneProductENSG00000105974 (Ensembl)
CCND1GeneProductENSG00000110092 (Ensembl)
CCR3GeneProductENSG00000183625 (Ensembl)
CCR5GeneProductENSG00000160791 (Ensembl)
CD40LGGeneProductENSG00000102245 (Ensembl)
CD4GeneProductENSG00000010610 (Ensembl)
CD55GeneProductENSG00000196352 (Ensembl)
CD80GeneProductENSG00000121594 (Ensembl)
CHRAC1GeneProductENSG00000104472 (Ensembl)
CREB1GeneProductENSG00000118260 (Ensembl)
CXCR4GeneProductENSG00000121966 (Ensembl)
CYCSGeneProductENSG00000172115 (Ensembl)
Ca2+MetaboliteHMDB0000464 (HMDB)
Catenin beta-1ProteinE9PW26 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Cd28GeneProduct12487 (Entrez Gene)
DAFProteinA0A1U8D6D6 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) Dispensible for productive replication
DAG1-BGeneProduct1605 (Entrez Gene)
DAG1-aGeneProductENSG00000173402 (Ensembl)
DAP5GeneProductENSG00000110321 (Ensembl)
DFFA/ICADGeneProductENSG00000160049 (Ensembl)
DFFB-45 GeneProductENSG00000169598 (Ensembl)
DMDGeneProductENSG00000198947 (Ensembl)
DystrophinProteinA2A9Z1 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ECM-receptor interactionPathwayhsa04512 (KEGG Pathway)
EIF4G1GeneProductENSG00000114867 (Ensembl)
EIF4G2GeneProductENSG00000110321 (Ensembl)
ENDOGGeneProductENSG00000167136 (Ensembl)
Endothelin-1ProteinP05305 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
FYNGeneProductENSG00000010810 (Ensembl)
GSK3BGeneProductENSG00000082701 (Ensembl)
HLA-DMAGeneProductENSG00000204257 (Ensembl)
Herbimycin AMetaboliteCHEBI:5674 (ChEBI)
IFNGGeneProductENSG00000111537 (Ensembl)
IL10GeneProductENSG00000136634 (Ensembl)
IL12AGeneProductENSG00000168811 (Ensembl)
IL12BGeneProductENSG00000113302 (Ensembl)
IL1ProteinG3V169 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
IL1GeneProductPF00340 (Pfam) IL1 protein family
IL2ProteinP60568 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
IL6 GeneProductENSG00000136244 (Ensembl)
ILKGeneProductENSG00000166333 (Ensembl)
ITGALGeneProductENSG00000005844 (Ensembl)
ITGB2GeneProductENSG00000160255 (Ensembl)
IgGGeneProduct
JAK1GeneProductENSG00000162434 (Ensembl)
JNK1 ProteinA0A087WVY6 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
KRT8GeneProductENSG00000170421 (Ensembl)
LAMA2GeneProductENSG00000196569 (Ensembl)
MAPK1GeneProductENSG00000100030 (Ensembl) alternative name ERK2
MAPK3GeneProductENSG00000102882 (Ensembl) alternative name ERK1
MEK 1/2Protein
MHC-1 ProteinA0A024RCL3 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
MHCII Protein
MK2Protein
MKK 3/6Protein
MKK 4/7Protein
MMP9GeneProductENSG00000100985 (Ensembl)
MYH6GeneProductENSG00000197616 (Ensembl)
Macrophage GeneProduct
Matrix metalloproteinasesProtein
Myocarditis Pathwaymap05416 (KEGG Pathway)
NF-kBGeneProduct
NFKB2GeneProductENSG00000077150 (Ensembl)
NLRP3GeneProduct
NOD2ProteinE9PLF7 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Nitric oxide synthaseProteinB3VK56 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PABPC1GeneProductENSG00000070756 (Ensembl)
PARMetabolite
PARP1GeneProductENSG00000143799 (Ensembl)
PIK3GeneProductENSG00000145675 (Ensembl)
PTCRAGeneProductENSG00000171611 (Ensembl)
PYCARDGeneProductENSG00000103490 (Ensembl) Adaptor protein ASC
Perforin-1ProteinP10820 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Pro-IL-18GeneProduct
ProteasomePathwayhsa03050 (KEGG Pathway)
RAC2GeneProductENSG00000128340 (Ensembl)
RAC3GeneProductENSG00000169750 (Ensembl)
RAF-1MetaboliteHMDB0003213 (HMDB)
RASA1GeneProductENSG00000145715 (Ensembl)
SGCAGeneProductENSG00000108823 (Ensembl)
SGCBGeneProductENSG00000163069 (Ensembl)
SGCDGeneProductENSG00000170624 (Ensembl)
SGCGGeneProductENSG00000102683 (Ensembl)
SOCS1GeneProductENSG00000185338 (Ensembl)
SOS1GeneProductENSG00000115904 (Ensembl)
SRCProteinENSG00000197122 (Ensembl)
STAT1GeneProductENSG00000115415 (Ensembl)
STAT3GeneProductENSG00000168610 (Ensembl)
Striated muscle contractionPathwayWP383 (WikiPathways)
T cell receptor alpha chain V regionGeneProduct
T-cell receptor beta chain V regionGeneProduct
TGFB1GeneProductENSG00000105329 (Ensembl)
TICAM1GeneProductTICAM1 (HGNC)
TLR3GeneProductENSG00000164342 (Ensembl) low expression
TLR4GeneProductENSG00000136869 (Ensembl) low expression
TLR5GeneProductENSG00000187554 (Ensembl) high expression
TNF-aProteinENSG00000232810 (Ensembl)
TNFRSM5ProteinP27512 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Tyrosine kinaseProtein
Viral entry CVB3GeneProduct
c-JunProteinQ9WVI9 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
cd86 ProteinD3Z363 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ganglioside GM1MetaboliteCHEBI:18216 (ChEBI)
glycophosphatidylinositolMetabolite63419 (ChEBI)
hsp27Protein
p53ProteinA0A0R4J1K8 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
peptidoglycan muramyl dipeptideGeneProduct
pro-IL-1betaGeneProduct
prostaglandin E2MetaboliteCHEBI:606564 (ChEBI)
reactive oxygen species generatorsMetaboliteCHEBI:70982 (ChEBI)

Annotated Interactions

No annotated interactions

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