Visual cycle (Homo sapiens)

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ArcPathVisio Brace Ellipse EndoplasmicReticulum GolgiApparatus HexagonPathVisio MimDegradation Mitochondria Octagon PentagonPathVisio Rectangle RoundedRectangle SarcoplasmicReticulum TriangleEquilateralEast TrianglePathVisio none Visual phototransduction pathwayRetinol dehydrogenasePhotoreceptor cellNADPHLightRDH12RDH8RBP3LRATRDH10RDH5RDH11RLBP1RBP1RPE65OPN1SWRHOOPN1MWRHOOPN1LWRHOABCA4NADP+All-trans retinolPhosphatidylcholineRetinyl ester11-cis retinolNAD+NADH11-cis retinalAll-trans retinalADPATPRetinal pigmentepithelial cellName: Visual cycleOrganism: Homo sapiens


Description

The visual cycle, also known as the retinoid cycle metabolic pathway, regenerates vitamin A derived chromophore 11-cis retinal. This enables visual phototransduction response to light. Inspired by [1](https://rgd.mcw.edu/rgdweb/pathway/pathwayRecord.html?acc_id=PW:0001005).

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Quality Tags

Image:Curated.pngApproved version

Ontology Terms

Cell Type : plant cell
 

Bibliography

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  1. Kiser PD, Golczak M, Maeda A, Palczewski K; ''Key enzymes of the retinoid (visual) cycle in vertebrate retina.''; Biochim Biophys Acta, 2012 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  2. Wang JS, Kefalov VJ; ''The cone-specific visual cycle.''; Prog Retin Eye Res, 2011 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  3. Haeseleer F, Jang GF, Imanishi Y, Driessen CAGG, Matsumura M, Nelson PS, Palczewski K; ''Dual-substrate specificity short chain retinol dehydrogenases from the vertebrate retina.''; J Biol Chem, 2002 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  4. Pollock NL, Callaghan R; ''The lipid translocase, ABCA4: seeing is believing.''; FEBS J, 2011 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  5. Persson B, Kallberg Y, Oppermann U, Jörnvall H; ''Coenzyme-based functional assignments of short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDRs).''; Chem Biol Interact, 2003 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  6. von Lintig J; ''Metabolism of carotenoids and retinoids related to vision.''; J Biol Chem, 2012 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  7. Kiser PD, Palczewski K; ''Membrane-binding and enzymatic properties of RPE65.''; Prog Retin Eye Res, 2010 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  8. Bray JE, Marsden BD, Oppermann U; ''The human short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) superfamily: a bioinformatics summary.''; Chem Biol Interact, 2009 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  9. von Lintig J, Kiser PD, Golczak M, Palczewski K; ''The biochemical and structural basis for trans-to-cis isomerization of retinoids in the chemistry of vision.''; Trends Biochem Sci, 2010 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  10. Takahashi Y, Moiseyev G, Chen Y, Ma JX; ''The roles of three palmitoylation sites of RPE65 in its membrane association and isomerohydrolase activity.''; Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2006 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  11. Jörnvall H, Hedlund J, Bergman T, Oppermann U, Persson B; ''Superfamilies SDR and MDR: from early ancestry to present forms. Emergence of three lines, a Zn-metalloenzyme, and distinct variabilities.''; Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2010 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia

History

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CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
138466
Approved
view20:02, 11 April 2025EgonwModified description
138465view16:29, 11 April 2025EgonwModified description
138416view18:53, 6 April 2025EweitzRefine label
138415view18:48, 6 April 2025EweitzEconomize layout
138414view18:35, 6 April 2025EweitzEconomize layout
138412view13:47, 6 April 2025EweitzOntology Term : 'retinal rod cell' added !
138411view13:47, 6 April 2025EweitzOntology Term : 'compound eye cone cell' added !
138410view13:47, 6 April 2025EweitzOntology Term : 'retinal pigment epithelial cell' added !
138409view13:46, 6 April 2025EweitzOntology Term : 'retinoid cycle metabolic pathway' added !
138408view13:45, 6 April 2025EweitzModified description
138407view13:44, 6 April 2025EweitzModified description
138406view13:40, 6 April 2025EweitzAdd literature references
138405view13:34, 6 April 2025EweitzEconomize layout
138404view13:32, 6 April 2025EweitzAdd cells
138403view13:21, 6 April 2025EweitzModified title
138402view13:18, 6 April 2025EweitzAdd interactions, arrange
138401view22:51, 5 April 2025EweitzArrange nodes
138400view22:24, 5 April 2025EweitzAdd, identify metabolites
138399view21:58, 5 April 2025EweitzArrange genes
138398view21:50, 5 April 2025EweitzAdd identifiers to genes
138397view21:40, 5 April 2025EweitzNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

View all...
Name  ↓Type  ↓Database reference  ↓Comment  ↓
11-cis retinalMetaboliteCHEBI:16066 (ChEBI)
11-cis retinolMetaboliteCHEBI:16302 (ChEBI)
ABCA4GeneProductENSG00000198691 (Ensembl)
ADPMetaboliteCHEBI:16761 (ChEBI)
ATPMetaboliteCHEBI:15422 (ChEBI)
All-trans retinalMetaboliteCHEBI:17898 (ChEBI)
All-trans retinolMetaboliteCHEBI:17336 (ChEBI)
LRATGeneProductENSG00000121207 (Ensembl)
Light
NAD+MetaboliteCHEBI:15846 (ChEBI)
NADHMetaboliteCHEBI:16908 (ChEBI)
NADP+MetaboliteCHEBI:18009 (ChEBI)
NADPHMetaboliteCHEBI:16474 (ChEBI)
OPN1LWGeneProductENSG00000102076 (Ensembl)
OPN1MWGeneProductENSG00000268221 (Ensembl)
OPN1SWGeneProductENSG00000128617 (Ensembl)
PhosphatidylcholineMetaboliteCHEBI:64482 (ChEBI)
RBP1GeneProductENSG00000114115 (Ensembl)
RBP3GeneProductENSG00000265203 (Ensembl)
RDH10GeneProductENSG00000121039 (Ensembl)
RDH11GeneProductENSG00000072042 (Ensembl)
RDH12GeneProductENSG00000139988 (Ensembl)
RDH5GeneProductENSG00000135437 (Ensembl)
RDH8GeneProductENSG00000080511 (Ensembl)
RHOGeneProductENSG00000163914 (Ensembl)
RLBP1GeneProductENSG00000140522 (Ensembl)
RPE65GeneProductENSG00000116745 (Ensembl)
Retinyl esterMetaboliteCHEBI:16179 (ChEBI)
Visual phototransduction pathwayPathway

Annotated Interactions

No annotated interactions

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