p38 MAPK signaling pathway (Pan troglodytes)

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <Pathway xmlns="http://genmapp.org/GPML/2008a" Name="p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway (BioCarta)" Data-Source="GenMAPP 2.0" Version="20041203" Author="Adapted from Biocarta by Sebastien Burel" Email="sburel@neurocrine.com" Organism="Pan troglodytes"> <Comment Source="GenMAPP remarks">Converted to human by GenMAPP.org</Comment> <Comment Source="WikiPathways-category">Cellular Process</Comment> <Comment Source="WikiPathways-description">p38 MAPKs are members of the MAPK family that are activated by a variety of environmental stresses and inflammatory cytokines. Stress signals are delivered to this cascade by members of small GTPases of the Rho family (Rac, Rho, Cdc42). As with other MAPK cascades, the membrane-proximal component is a MAPKKK, typically a MEKK or a mixed lineage kinase (MLK). The MAPKKK phosphorylates and activated MKK3/5, the p38 MAPK kinase. MKK3/6 can also be activated directly by ASK1, which is stimulated by apoptotic stimuli. P38 MAK is involved in regulation of Hsp27 and MAPKAP-2 and several transcription factors including ATF2, STAT1, THE Max/Myc complex, MEF-2, ELK-1 and indirectly CREB via activation of MSK1.</Comment> <Comment>This pathway was inferred from Homo sapiens pathway [http://www.wikipathways.org/index.php?title=Pathway:WP400&amp;oldid=21524 WP400(r21524)] with a 80% conversion rate.</Comment> <BiopaxRef>a09</BiopaxRef> <BiopaxRef>d07</BiopaxRef> <BiopaxRef>c22</BiopaxRef> <BiopaxRef>a36</BiopaxRef> <BiopaxRef>cae</BiopaxRef> <BiopaxRef>c41</BiopaxRef> <BiopaxRef>bb5</BiopaxRef> <BiopaxRef>f85</BiopaxRef> <Graphics BoardWidth="11000.0" BoardHeight="13508.0" /> <DataNode BackpageHead="MAPK14" TextLabel="MAPK14" Type="GeneProduct" GraphId="c82"> <Attribute Key="org.pathvisio.model.BackpageHead" Value="MAPK14" /> <Graphics Color="000000" CenterX="4550.0" CenterY="7000.0" Width="1200.0" Height="300.0" ZOrder="32768" /> <Xref Database="Entrez Gene" ID="450161" /> </DataNode> <DataNode 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Stress signals are delivered to this cascade by members of small GTPases of the Rho family (Rac, Rho, Cdc42). As with other MAPK cascades, the membrane-proximal component is a MAPKKK, typically a MEKK or a mixed lineage kinase (MLK). The MAPKKK phosphorylates and activated MKK3/5, the p38 MAPK kinase. MKK3/6 can also be activated directly by ASK1, which is stimulated by apoptotic stimuli. P38 MAK is involved in regulation of Hsp27 and MAPKAP-2 and several transcription factors including ATF2, STAT1, THE Max/Myc complex, MEF-2, ELK-1 and indirectly CREB via activation of MSK1. &amp;amp;#xD; &amp;amp;#xD; Cell Signaling Technology &amp;amp;#xD; &amp;amp;#xD; &amp;amp;#xD; &amp;amp;#xD; Herlaar, E. and Brown, Z. (1999) p38 MAPK signaling cascades in inflammatory disease. Mol. Med. Today 5, 439-447. &amp;amp;#xD; &amp;amp;#xD; Ichijo, H. (1999) From receptors to stress-activated MAP kinases. Oncogene 18, 6087-6093. &amp;amp;#xD; &amp;amp;#xD; Kyriakis, J.M. (1999) Making the connection: coupling of stress-activated ERK/MAPK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase) core signaling modules to extracellular stimuli and biological resposese. Biochem. Soc. Symp. 64, 29-48. &amp;amp;#xD; &amp;amp;#xD; Lewis, T.S. et al (1998) Signal transduction through MAP kinase cascades. Adv. Cancer Res. 74, 49-139. &amp;amp;#xD; &amp;amp;#xD; Li S., Wattenberg EV. Cell-type-specific activation of P38 protein kinase cascades by the novel tumor promoter palytoxin. Toxical Appl Pharmacol 1999 160(2):109-119 &amp;amp;#xD; &amp;amp;#xD; Roberson, M. S.and Zhang, T. and Li, L.L. and Mulvaney, J. (1999) Activation of the p38 Mitogen-ACTIVAted Protein Kinase Pathway by Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone. Endrocrinology v.140, No.3 1310-1318. &amp;amp;#xD; &amp;amp;#xD; Tibbles, L.A. and Woodgett, J.R. (1999) The stress activated protein kinase pathways. Cell Mol. Life Ssci. 55, 1230-1254. &amp;amp;#xD; &amp;amp;#xD; Wysk M., et al. Requirement of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 (MKK3) for tumor necrosis factor-induced cytokine expression. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 1999 Vol 96: pp 3763-3768 &amp;amp;#xD; &amp;amp;#xD; </Comment> <Graphics FontWeight="Bold" FontStyle="Italic" FontSize="240" Color="008000" CenterX="2950.0" CenterY="12100.0" Width="3935.0" Height="360.0" ZOrder="28672" /> </Label> <Label TextLabel="FASL, Inflammatory&#xA;Cytokines, UV, etc." GraphId="a1c"> <Graphics FontWeight="Bold" FontSize="150" Color="0000ff" CenterX="8150.0" CenterY="1797.5" Width="1970.0" Height="545.0" ZOrder="28672" /> </Label> <Label TextLabel="Growth Factors, UV&#xA;Trophic Factors, etc." GraphId="c9f"> <Graphics FontWeight="Bold" FontSize="150" Color="0000ff" CenterX="1090.0" CenterY="1790.0" Width="1910.0" Height="620.0" ZOrder="28672" /> </Label> <Label TextLabel="DNA transcription" GraphId="ea8"> <Graphics FontWeight="Bold" FontSize="180" Color="00ff00" CenterX="3667.5" CenterY="11380.0" Width="1845.0" Height="285.0" ZOrder="28672" /> </Label> <Label TextLabel="Cytokines Production,&#xA;Apoptosis, etc." GraphId="e1b"> <Graphics FontWeight="Bold" FontSize="150" Color="0000ff" CenterX="6212.5" CenterY="11375.0" Width="1895.0" Height="440.0" ZOrder="28672" /> </Label> <Label TextLabel="?" 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