RNA polymerase II transcribes snRNA genes (Homo sapiens)

From WikiPathways

Revision as of 15:58, 9 October 2020 by ReactomeTeam (Talk | contribs)
Jump to: navigation, search
1-3, 8, 9, 14...6, 10, 11, 16, 19...11-13, 29, 3325, 28, 35, 37, 404, 17, 41, 52, 536, 7, 18, 21, 30...25, 28, 405215, 18, 20, 24, 32...19, 27, 454, 12, 25, 28, 29, 40...nucleoplasmPOLR2H RNU4ATAC gene POU2F1 POLR2G GTF2F1 POU2F1 INTS2 p-SUPT5H INTS4 TAF11 CDK7 SNAPC4 TAF6 POLR2C RPRD1A RNU12 gene TAF13 GTF2A1(1-274) RNU2-1 gene RNU11 gene POLR2F TAF8 TAF5 INTS9 RNApolymeraseII(phosphoserine-5,7):Initiation factors:CDK7:snRNA geneSNAPC4 NABP1 SNAPC5 ZNF143 CDK7 POLR2E POLR2I GTF2A1(275-376) SP1 CDK7GTF2A1(275-376) INTS10 INTS12 SNAPC2 POLR2I CPSF3L NABP2 POLR2E NCBP1 SP1 TAF11 ICE2 TAF6 SNAPC3 TAF5 POLR2E INTS9 ZNF143POLR2D CDK9 TAF6 ZNF143 INTS5 SNAPC4 POU2F2 ATPTAF5 SNAPC2 CPSF3L RNU11 gene SNAPC5 RNU4ATAC gene RNU2-1 gene RNU11 gene RPRD1A CPSF3L RPAP2RNU5A-1 gene POLR2I ZNF143 CDK9 CDK9 SP1 CDK7 p-S5,S7-POLR2A GTF2BINTS8 TAF5 TAF13 ASUN CCNT2 SNAPC1 TAF8 GTF2F2 SNAPC3 INTS6 ASUN RNU2-1 gene TAF6 TBP CDK9 ELL3 POLR2F RPRD1B RNU1-1 gene RNU11 gene GTF2A1(275-376) RPAP2 POLR2B CCNK INTS9 CCNT1 SNAPC3 ASUN ADPTAF13 ZNF143 POLR2F ZC3H8 TFIIAGTF2F2 snTAFcINTS7 GTF2A1(275-376) INTS12 POLR2I POLR2E SP1 RNA Polymerase IIholoenzyme complex(unphosphorylated)CDK7 SRRT POLR2J GTF2F2 POLR2L POLR2K SP1 RPRD1A POLR2E RPRD1B POLR2K U2 snRNA ASUN GTF2B SNAPC4 Initiationfactors:CDK7:snRNAgeneRNU1-1 gene RNU5A-1 gene GTF2A2 POLR2J ELL2 SNAPC4 INTS9 NCBP2 POLR2H POLR2K RNU4-1 gene VWA9 SNAPC1 CCNT1 GTF2F1 GTF2E1 POLR2G RNU5A-1 gene TAF11 GTF2F1 INTS2 POLR2C SRRT SNAPC1 INTS10 INTS2 ELL TAF5 RPAP2 TAF13 POLR2G POLR2L POU2F2 POLR2F TAF5 RPRD1B SNAPC5 NABP1 POU2F2 TAF13 RNU1-1 gene INTS8 RNU4-1 gene VWA9 POLR2L GTF2B GTF2B TAF9 CCNK RNU11 gene RNU4-1 gene RNU4ATAC gene GTF2B TAF13 NABP2 POLR2B 7-methylguanosine cap TBP TAF13 RNU4-1 gene GTF2A1(275-376) GTF2E1 POU2F1 INTS7 TAF9 ELL ZNF143 TBP ICE2 7-methylguanosine cap INTS6 ICE2 ELL3 SNAPC4 NABP1 POLR2L RNU12 gene PHAX INTS3 SNAPC3 GTF2A2 GTF2E2 U12 snRNA CCNT1 GTF2E2 POLR2D INTS12 SNAPC2 POLR2L RNU12 gene RNU1-1 gene SNAPC2 RNU5A-1 gene RNU5A-1 gene RPRD1B RNU2-1 gene SNAPC5 RNU12 gene RNU4ATAC gene ELL3 VWA9 CPSF3L TAF9 GTF2E2 GTF2F1 SSU72CCNT1 CCNT2 TAF8 GTF2A1(1-274) ELL2 RPAP2 U4 snRNA POLR2D INTS7 INTS3 GTF2E1 SUPT4H1 POU2F1 INTS3 SNAPC3 GTPGTF2A1(275-376) NABP1 GTF2B ASUN POLR2D RNU11 gene GTF2A2 CDK7 CBCAP:cappedsnRNAU1,U2,U4,U4atac,U5,U11,U12SNAPC5 RNU2-1 gene POU2F1 P-TEFb complexTAF8 GTF2A2 ELL2 NABP1 GTF2E2 SNAPC1 RNU12 gene ELL2 SNAPC1 INTS4 GTF2B VWA9 TAF5 RPRD2 RNU4ATAC gene INTS8 SNAPC4 NCBP2 INTS5 POU2F1 p-S2,S7-POLR2A POLR2C INTS5 CPSF3L TAF8 SNAPC4 INTS2 pre-snRNA RNU2-1 gene DSIF complexCCNT2 RNU5A-1 gene GTF2E1 INTS5 U5 snRNA SRRTGTF2A1(1-274) GTF2F2 SNAPC2 RPRD1B p-S2,S7-POLR2A TBPGTF2F2 POLR2K POLR2F 7-methylguanosine cap CDK9 POLR2H RNU12 gene TAF6 RNU4-1 gene NABP2 RPRD1A POLR2H RPRD2 POLR2F ELL3 RNU4ATAC gene p-S2,S7-POLR2A RNU4ATAC gene RNU4-1 gene TAF11 POLR2F SNAPC1 GTF2A2 ZNF143 CCNT2 GTF2E2 POU2F2 POLR2F POU2F2 RPAP2 GTF2A1(1-274) RPRD1A TAF9 GTF2F2 INTS7 NCBP2 SNAPC5 CDK7 pre-snRNA ELL INTS12 ZC3H8 CDK9 GTF2A1(275-376) POLR2H CTPPOU2F1 CCNT2 CCNT1 INTS4 CCNK CCNT1 TAF6 RNU1-1 gene CCNK UTPRPRD2 TAF9 GTF2E1 POLR2K POLR2C INTS3 CCNK POLR2L TAF13 CCNT2 ZNF143 POU2F2 POLR2J GTF2F2 POLR2H GTF2E2 GTF2A1(1-274) POLR2D INTS6 POU2F1,2RNApolymeraseII(unphosphorylated):Initiation factors at promoter of snRNA geneTAF8 INTS4 POLR2B RNU4-1 gene RNU5A-1 gene ATPPOLR2H INTS10 INTS6 POLR2J CCNT1 CDK9 SNAPC1 TAF9 GTPPOLR2I SP1 POLR2H RNU12 gene POLR2K POLR2D PHAXTAF13 GTF2E2 CDK7 GTF2A1(275-376) POU2F2 SNAPC1 TBP LECSNAPC5 RPRD2 ZC3H8 INTS9 NABP2 SNAPC3 RNU11 gene CCNK TBP TAF6 GTF2F2 GTF2A1(1-274) SP1 POLR2C UTPPOLR2G RNU2-1 gene SNAPC5 POU2F1,2:SP1:ZNF143:snRNA geneSP1 INTS3 POLR2J TFIIETAF11 TAF11 GTF2E1 RNU4-1 gene GTF2A2 RPAP2 POLR2I SNAPC3 RNU2-1 gene POU2F1 POLR2L POLR2J SNAPC1 POU2F1 RNU4-1 gene p-S5,S7-POLR2A RNApolymeraseII(phosphoserine-2,7):RPAP2:Integrator:LEC:Initiation factors:snRNA geneTAF6 GTF2A1(1-274) ICE1 GTF2A1(1-274) POLR2E GTF2A2 ICE1 ICE2 RNU5A-1 gene RNU11 gene POU2F2 INTS1 TBP IntegratorZC3H8 TFIIFINTS8 SNAPC2 INTS6 GTF2E2 POLR2G NCBP1 INTS5 POU2F2 TAF8 TAF5 RPRD1A,B:RPRD1A,BSNAPC2 TAF6 GTF2E1 POLR2B RNU1-1 gene GTF2E1 RNU4ATAC gene SNAPC3 POLR2J U4atac snRNA ZNF143 SNAPC4 GTF2A2 RNU12 gene RNApolymeraseII(phosphoserine-2,7):RPAP2:Integrator:LEC:capped pre-snRNA:Initiation factors:snRNA geneSNAPC4 GTF2F1 GTF2E2 RNU5A-1 gene POLR2B RNU1-1 gene RPRD1A SNAPC5 POLR2C GTF2A1(275-376) POLR2C ELL ELL SNAPC2 CCNT2 TBP RNApolymeraseII(phosphoserine-2,7):RPAP2:Integrator:LEC:CBCAP:capped pre-snRNA:Initiation factors:snRNA geneRNU12 gene RNApolymeraseII(phosphoserine-5,7):RPRD1A,B:RPRD2:RPAP2:Integrator:LEC:pre-snRNA:Initiation factors:snRNA geneICE2 ELL3 RPRD2 RNU11 gene VWA9 POLR2L p-S5,S7-POLR2A POLR2K POLR2D RPAP2:RPRD1A,B:RPRD2:RNA polymerase II (phosphoserine-5,7):Initiation factors:snRNA genePOLR2A INTS1 RNU2-1 gene SNAPC1 RNU11 gene CDK9 GTF2F1 U11 snRNA RNU4ATAC gene TAF8 SNAPC3 GTF2F1 RPRD2SP1 PCF11POU2F1 POLR2D RNU1-1 gene RNU12 gene POLR2I ATPCCNK GTF2F1 INTS4 POLR2A SP1 POLR2B CCNT1 TAF9 TAF9 GTF2E1 ICE1 TAF9 TAF11 CCNK RNU5A-1 gene RNU4-1 gene TAF11 INTS2 POLR2E CCNT1 CDK7 INTS10 ICE1 POLR2K RNU4ATAC gene RNU12 gene NABP2 GTF2A2 INTS8 RNU4-1 gene POLR2G U1,U2,U4,U4atac,U5,U11,U12 geneZNF143 POLR2G SNAPC2 TAF5 RNU11 gene TBP CTPRNU1-1 gene ELL2 pre-snRNA RNU5A-1 gene RNU2-1 gene GTF2B RNU2-1 gene POLR2E INTS12 CCNK POLR2G POU2F1 POLR2I GTF2A1(1-274) ZC3H8 SNAPc:POU2F1,2:SP1:ZNF143:snRNA geneINTS7 SNAPC3 NCBP1 RNU4ATAC gene TAF11 SNAPC2 PHAX GTF2B U1 snRNA INTS1 SNAPcCCNT2 INTS10 TAF8 ICE1 POLR2B RPRD1B POU2F2 SNAPC5 INTS1 POLR2C Cap Binding Complex(CBC)CDK9 GTF2F2 INTS1 SP1POU2F2 POLR2B ZNF143 GTF2F1 RNU1-1 gene POLR2J CCNT2 RNU1-1 gene 544, 23, 26, 4139, 483640545425, 28, 405454, 25, 28, 40, 48545254193819, 45


Description

Small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) play key roles in splicing and some of them, specifically the U1 and U2 snRNAs, are encoded by multicopy snRNA gene clusters containing tandem arrays of genes, about 30 in the RNU1 cluster (Bernstein et al. 1985) and about 10-20 in the RNU2 cluster (Van Ardsell and Weiner 1984). Whereas U6 snRNA genes are transcribed by RNA polymerase III, U1,U2, U4, U4atac, U5, U11, and U12 genes are transcribed by RNA polymerase II. Transcription of the U1 and U2 genes has been most extensively studied and the other snRNA genes as well as other genes with similar promoter structures, for example the SNORD13 gene, are inferred to be transcribed by similar reactions. The snRNA genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II are distinguished from mRNA-encoding genes by the presence of a proximal sequence element (PSE) rather than a TATA box and the presence of the Integrator complex rather than the Mediator complex (reviewed in Egloff et al. 2008, Jawdeker and Henry 2008).
The snRNA genes are among the most rapidly transcribed genes in the genome. The 5' transcribed region of the U2 snRNA gene is largely single-stranded during interphase and metaphase (Pavelitz et al. 2008) and chromatin within the transcribed region is cleared of nucleosomes (O'Reilly et al. 2014). Transcriptional activation of the RNA polymerase II transcribed snRNA genes begins with binding of transcription factors to the distal sequence element (DSE) of the promoter (reviewed in Hernandez 2001, Egloff et al. 2008, Jawdeker and Henry 2008). The factors, which include POU2F1 (Oct-1), POU2F2 (Oct-2), ZNF143 (Staf) and Sp1, promote binding of the SNAPc complex (also known as PTF and PBP) to the PSE. SNAPc helps clear the gene of nucleosomes (O'Reilly et al. 2014) and recruits initiation factors (TFIIA, TFIIB, TFIIE, TFIIF, and snTAFc:TBP) which recruit RNA polymerase II. Phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (reviewed in Egloff and Murphy 2008) by CDK7 recruits RPAP2 and the Integrator complex, which is required for later processing of the 3' end of the pre-snRNA transcript (reviewed in Chen and Wagner 2010, Baillat and Wagner 2015). The Little Elongation Complex (LEC) also appears to bind around the time of transcription initiation (Hu et al. 2013). As transcription proceeds, RPAP2 dephosphorylates serine-5 and P-TEFb phosphorylates serine-2 of the CTD. As transcription reaches the end of the snRNA gene serine-7 of the CTD is phosphorylated. These marks serve to bind protein complexes and are required for 3' processing of the pre-snRNA (reviewed in Egloff and Murphy 2008). After transcription proceeds through the conserved 3' processing sequence of the pre-snRNA the Integrator complex cleaves the pre-snRNA. Transcription then terminates downstream in a less well characterized reaction that requires elements of the polyadenylation system. View original pathway at:Reactome.

Comments

Reactome-Converter 
Pathway is converted from Reactome ID: 6807505
Reactome-version 
Reactome version: 66
Reactome Author 
Reactome Author: May, Bruce

Try the New WikiPathways

View approved pathways at the new wikipathways.org.

Quality Tags

Ontology Terms

 

Bibliography

View all...
  1. Ford E, Strubin M, Hernandez N.; ''The Oct-1 POU domain activates snRNA gene transcription by contacting a region in the SNAPc largest subunit that bears sequence similarities to the Oct-1 coactivator OBF-1.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  2. Gunderson SI, Knuth MW, Burgess RR.; ''The human U1 snRNA promoter correctly initiates transcription in vitro and is activated by PSE1.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  3. Ma B, Hernandez N.; ''A map of protein-protein contacts within the small nuclear RNA-activating protein complex SNAPc.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  4. Myslinski E, Krol A, Carbon P.; ''ZNF76 and ZNF143 are two human homologs of the transcriptional activator Staf.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  5. Ström AC, Forsberg M, Lillhager P, Westin G.; ''The transcription factors Sp1 and Oct-1 interact physically to regulate human U2 snRNA gene expression.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  6. Ni Z, Olsen JB, Guo X, Zhong G, Ruan ED, Marcon E, Young P, Guo H, Li J, Moffat J, Emili A, Greenblatt JF.; ''Control of the RNA polymerase II phosphorylation state in promoter regions by CTD interaction domain-containing proteins RPRD1A and RPRD1B.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  7. Jawdekar GW, Henry RW.; ''Transcriptional regulation of human small nuclear RNA genes.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  8. Ni Z, Xu C, Guo X, Hunter GO, Kuznetsova OV, Tempel W, Marcon E, Zhong G, Guo H, Kuo WW, Li J, Young P, Olsen JB, Wan C, Loppnau P, El Bakkouri M, Senisterra GA, He H, Huang H, Sidhu SS, Emili A, Murphy S, Mosley AL, Arrowsmith CH, Min J, Greenblatt JF.; ''RPRD1A and RPRD1B are human RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain scaffolds for Ser5 dephosphorylation.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  9. Egloff S, O'Reilly D, Murphy S.; ''Expression of human snRNA genes from beginning to end.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  10. Baillat D, Wagner EJ.; ''Integrator: surprisingly diverse functions in gene expression.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  11. Lin X, Taube R, Fujinaga K, Peterlin BM.; ''P-TEFb containing cyclin K and Cdk9 can activate transcription via RNA.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  12. Pavelitz T, Bailey AD, Elco CP, Weiner AM.; ''Human U2 snRNA genes exhibit a persistently open transcriptional state and promoter disassembly at metaphase.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  13. Hovde S, Hinkley CS, Strong K, Brooks A, Gu L, Henry RW, Geiger J.; ''Activator recruitment by the general transcription machinery: X-ray structural analysis of the Oct-1 POU domain/human U1 octamer/SNAP190 peptide ternary complex.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  14. Glover-Cutter K, Larochelle S, Erickson B, Zhang C, Shokat K, Fisher RP, Bentley DL.; ''TFIIH-associated Cdk7 kinase functions in phosphorylation of C-terminal domain Ser7 residues, promoter-proximal pausing, and termination by RNA polymerase II.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  15. Henry RW, Sadowski CL, Kobayashi R, Hernandez N.; ''A TBP-TAF complex required for transcription of human snRNA genes by RNA polymerase II and III.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  16. Sadowski CL, Henry RW, Lobo SM, Hernandez N.; ''Targeting TBP to a non-TATA box cis-regulatory element: a TBP-containing complex activates transcription from snRNA promoters through the PSE.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  17. Egloff S, Dienstbier M, Murphy S.; ''Updating the RNA polymerase CTD code: adding gene-specific layers.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  18. Tanaka M, Lai JS, Herr W.; ''Promoter-selective activation domains in Oct-1 and Oct-2 direct differential activation of an snRNA and mRNA promoter.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  19. Hu D, Smith ER, Garruss AS, Mohaghegh N, Varberg JM, Lin C, Jackson J, Gao X, Saraf A, Florens L, Washburn MP, Eissenberg JC, Shilatifard A.; ''The little elongation complex functions at initiation and elongation phases of snRNA gene transcription.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  20. McCracken S, Fong N, Rosonina E, Yankulov K, Brothers G, Siderovski D, Hessel A, Foster S, Shuman S, Bentley DL.; ''5'-Capping enzymes are targeted to pre-mRNA by binding to the phosphorylated carboxy-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  21. Jacobs EY, Ogiwara I, Weiner AM.; ''Role of the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II in U2 snRNA transcription and 3' processing.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  22. Morris DP, Michelotti GA, Schwinn DA.; ''Evidence that phosphorylation of the RNA polymerase II carboxyl-terminal repeats is similar in yeast and humans.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  23. Albrecht TR, Wagner EJ.; ''snRNA 3' end formation requires heterodimeric association of integrator subunits.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  24. Skaar JR, Ferris AL, Wu X, Saraf A, Khanna KK, Florens L, Washburn MP, Hughes SH, Pagano M.; ''The Integrator complex controls the termination of transcription at diverse classes of gene targets.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  25. Bernués J, Simmen KA, Lewis JD, Gunderson SI, Polycarpou-Schwarz M, Moncollin V, Egly JM, Mattaj IW.; ''Common and unique transcription factor requirements of human U1 and U6 snRNA genes.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  26. Van Arsdell SW, Weiner AM.; ''Human genes for U2 small nuclear RNA are tandemly repeated.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  27. Yang J, Müller-Immerglück MM, Seipel K, Janson L, Westin G, Schaffner W, Pettersson U.; ''Both Oct-1 and Oct-2A contain domains which can activate the ubiquitously expressed U2 snRNA genes.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  28. Wada T, Takagi T, Yamaguchi Y, Ferdous A, Imai T, Hirose S, Sugimoto S, Yano K, Hartzog GA, Winston F, Buratowski S, Handa H.; ''DSIF, a novel transcription elongation factor that regulates RNA polymerase II processivity, is composed of human Spt4 and Spt5 homologs.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  29. Bernstein LB, Manser T, Weiner AM.; ''Human U1 small nuclear RNA genes: extensive conservation of flanking sequences suggests cycles of gene amplification and transposition.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  30. Medlin J, Scurry A, Taylor A, Zhang F, Peterlin BM, Murphy S.; ''P-TEFb is not an essential elongation factor for the intronless human U2 snRNA and histone H2b genes.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  31. Zaborowska J, Taylor A, Roeder RG, Murphy S.; ''A novel TBP-TAF complex on RNA polymerase II-transcribed snRNA genes.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  32. Jodoin JN, Sitaram P, Albrecht TR, May SB, Shboul M, Lee E, Reversade B, Wagner EJ, Lee LA.; ''Nuclear-localized Asunder regulates cytoplasmic dynein localization via its role in the integrator complex.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  33. Medlin JE, Uguen P, Taylor A, Bentley DL, Murphy S.; ''The C-terminal domain of pol II and a DRB-sensitive kinase are required for 3' processing of U2 snRNA.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  34. O'Reilly D, Kuznetsova OV, Laitem C, Zaborowska J, Dienstbier M, Murphy S.; ''Human snRNA genes use polyadenylation factors to promote efficient transcription termination.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  35. Hovde S, Brooks A, Strong K, Geiger JH.; ''Crystallization of the Oct-1/SNAP190 peptide/DNA complex.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  36. Kuhlman TC, Cho H, Reinberg D, Hernandez N.; ''The general transcription factors IIA, IIB, IIF, and IIE are required for RNA polymerase II transcription from the human U1 small nuclear RNA promoter.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  37. Hallais M, Pontvianne F, Andersen PR, Clerici M, Lener D, Benbahouche Nel H, Gostan T, Vandermoere F, Robert MC, Cusack S, Verheggen C, Jensen TH, Bertrand E.; ''CBC-ARS2 stimulates 3'-end maturation of multiple RNA families and favors cap-proximal processing.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  38. Murphy S.; ''Differential in vivo activation of the class II and class III snRNA genes by the POU-specific domain of Oct-1.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  39. Egloff S, Murphy S.; ''Role of the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II in expression of small nuclear RNA genes.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  40. Baillat D, Hakimi MA, Näär AM, Shilatifard A, Cooch N, Shiekhattar R.; ''Integrator, a multiprotein mediator of small nuclear RNA processing, associates with the C-terminal repeat of RNA polymerase II.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  41. Jawdekar GW, Hanzlowsky A, Hovde SL, Jelencic B, Feig M, Geiger JH, Henry RW.; ''The unorthodox SNAP50 zinc finger domain contributes to cooperative promoter recognition by human SNAPC.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  42. Egloff S, Szczepaniak SA, Dienstbier M, Taylor A, Knight S, Murphy S.; ''The integrator complex recognizes a new double mark on the RNA polymerase II carboxyl-terminal domain.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  43. Hernandez N.; ''Small nuclear RNA genes: a model system to study fundamental mechanisms of transcription.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  44. Egloff S, Zaborowska J, Laitem C, Kiss T, Murphy S.; ''Ser7 phosphorylation of the CTD recruits the RPAP2 Ser5 phosphatase to snRNA genes.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  45. Chen J, Wagner EJ.; ''snRNA 3' end formation: the dawn of the Integrator complex.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  46. James Faresse N, Canella D, Praz V, Michaud J, Romascano D, Hernandez N.; ''Genomic study of RNA polymerase II and III SNAPc-bound promoters reveals a gene transcribed by both enzymes and a broad use of common activators.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  47. Wan C, Borgeson B, Phanse S, Tu F, Drew K, Clark G, Xiong X, Kagan O, Kwan J, Bezginov A, Chessman K, Pal S, Cromar G, Papoulas O, Ni Z, Boutz DR, Stoilova S, Havugimana PC, Guo X, Malty RH, Sarov M, Greenblatt J, Babu M, Derry WB, Tillier ER, Wallingford JB, Parkinson J, Marcotte EM, Emili A.; ''Panorama of ancient metazoan macromolecular complexes.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  48. Smith ER, Lin C, Garrett AS, Thornton J, Mohaghegh N, Hu D, Jackson J, Saraf A, Swanson SK, Seidel C, Florens L, Washburn MP, Eissenberg JC, Shilatifard A.; ''The little elongation complex regulates small nuclear RNA transcription.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  49. Mittal V, Cleary MA, Herr W, Hernandez N.; ''The Oct-1 POU-specific domain can stimulate small nuclear RNA gene transcription by stabilizing the basal transcription complex SNAPc.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  50. Mattaj IW.; ''Cap trimethylation of U snRNA is cytoplasmic and dependent on U snRNP protein binding.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  51. Murphy S, Yoon JB, Gerster T, Roeder RG.; ''Oct-1 and Oct-2 potentiate functional interactions of a transcription factor with the proximal sequence element of small nuclear RNA genes.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  52. Schaub M, Myslinski E, Schuster C, Krol A, Carbon P.; ''Staf, a promiscuous activator for enhanced transcription by RNA polymerases II and III.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  53. Egloff S, O'Reilly D, Chapman RD, Taylor A, Tanzhaus K, Pitts L, Eick D, Murphy S.; ''Serine-7 of the RNA polymerase II CTD is specifically required for snRNA gene expression.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  54. Ford E, Hernandez N.; ''Characterization of a trimeric complex containing Oct-1, SNAPc, and DNA.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia

History

View all...
CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
114956view16:48, 25 January 2021ReactomeTeamReactome version 75
113400view11:47, 2 November 2020ReactomeTeamReactome version 74
112604view15:58, 9 October 2020ReactomeTeamReactome version 73
101520view11:38, 1 November 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 66
101056view21:20, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 65
100587view19:54, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 64
100136view16:39, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 63
99686view15:09, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 62 (2nd attempt)
99276view12:45, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 62
93567view11:27, 9 August 2017ReactomeTeamreactome version 61
86669view09:23, 11 July 2016ReactomeTeamNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

View all...
NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
7-methylguanosine cap MetaboliteCHEBI:17825 (ChEBI)
ADPMetaboliteCHEBI:16761 (ChEBI)
ASUN ProteinQ9NVM9 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ATPMetaboliteCHEBI:15422 (ChEBI)
CBCAP:capped

snRNA

U1,U2,U4,U4atac,U5,U11,U12		ComplexR-HSA-6814903 (Reactome)
CCNK ProteinO75909 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CCNT1 ProteinO60563 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CCNT2 ProteinO60583 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDK7 ProteinP50613 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDK7ProteinP50613 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDK9 ProteinP50750 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CPSF3L ProteinQ5TA45 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CTPMetaboliteCHEBI:17677 (ChEBI)
Cap Binding Complex (CBC)ComplexR-HSA-77088 (Reactome)
DSIF complexComplexR-HSA-112420 (Reactome)
ELL ProteinP55199 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ELL2 ProteinO00472 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ELL3 ProteinQ9HB65 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GTF2A1(1-274) ProteinP52655 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GTF2A1(275-376) ProteinP52655 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GTF2A2 ProteinP52657 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GTF2B ProteinQ00403 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GTF2BProteinQ00403 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GTF2E1 ProteinP29083 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GTF2E2 ProteinP29084 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GTF2F1 ProteinP35269 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GTF2F2 ProteinP13984 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GTPMetaboliteCHEBI:15996 (ChEBI)
ICE1 ProteinQ9Y2F5 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ICE2 ProteinQ659A1 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
INTS1 ProteinQ8N201 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
INTS10 ProteinQ9NVR2 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
INTS12 ProteinQ96CB8 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
INTS2 ProteinQ9H0H0 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
INTS3 ProteinQ68E01 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
INTS4 ProteinQ96HW7 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
INTS5 ProteinQ6P9B9 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
INTS6 ProteinQ9UL03 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
INTS7 ProteinQ9NVH2 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
INTS8 ProteinQ75QN2 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
INTS9 ProteinQ9NV88 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Initiation

factors:CDK7:snRNA

gene		ComplexR-HSA-6810225 (Reactome)
IntegratorComplexR-HSA-6807453 (Reactome)
LECComplexR-HSA-6807410 (Reactome)
NABP1 ProteinQ96AH0 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
NABP2 ProteinQ9BQ15 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
NCBP1 ProteinQ09161 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
NCBP2 ProteinP52298 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
P-TEFb complexComplexR-HSA-112431 (Reactome)
PCF11ProteinO94913 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PHAX ProteinQ9H814 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PHAXProteinQ9H814 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
POLR2A ProteinP24928 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
POLR2B ProteinP30876 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
POLR2C ProteinP19387 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
POLR2D ProteinO15514 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
POLR2E ProteinP19388 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
POLR2F ProteinP61218 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
POLR2G ProteinP62487 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
POLR2H ProteinP52434 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
POLR2I ProteinP36954 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
POLR2J ProteinP52435 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
POLR2K ProteinP53803 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
POLR2L ProteinP62875 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
POU2F1 ProteinP14859 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
POU2F1,2:SP1:ZNF143:snRNA geneComplexR-HSA-6807504 (Reactome)
POU2F1,2ComplexR-HSA-6814929 (Reactome)
POU2F2 ProteinP09086 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RNA

polymerase II

(phosphoserine-2,7):RPAP2:Integrator:LEC:CBCAP:capped pre-snRNA:Initiation factors:snRNA gene		ComplexR-HSA-6814860 (Reactome)
RNA

polymerase II

(phosphoserine-2,7):RPAP2:Integrator:LEC:Initiation factors:snRNA gene		ComplexR-HSA-6814530 (Reactome)
RNA

polymerase II

(phosphoserine-2,7):RPAP2:Integrator:LEC:capped pre-snRNA:Initiation factors:snRNA gene		ComplexR-HSA-6814537 (Reactome)
RNA

polymerase II

(phosphoserine-5,7):Initiation factors:CDK7:snRNA gene		ComplexR-HSA-6810221 (Reactome)
RNA

polymerase II

(phosphoserine-5,7):RPRD1A,B:RPRD2:RPAP2:Integrator:LEC:pre-snRNA:Initiation factors:snRNA gene		ComplexR-HSA-6814534 (Reactome)
RNA

polymerase II

(unphosphorylated):Initiation factors at promoter of snRNA gene		ComplexR-HSA-6810219 (Reactome) Unphosphorylated RNA polymerase II is initially recruited to the promoter of a snRNA gene by interaction with initiation factors.
RNA Polymerase II

holoenzyme complex

(unphosphorylated)		ComplexR-HSA-113401 (Reactome)
RNU1-1 gene ProteinENSG00000206652 (Ensembl)
RNU11 gene ProteinENSG00000274978 (Ensembl)
RNU12 gene ProteinENSG00000276027 (Ensembl)
RNU2-1 gene ProteinENSG00000274585 (Ensembl)
RNU4-1 gene ProteinENSG00000200795 (Ensembl)
RNU4ATAC gene ProteinENSG00000264229 (Ensembl)
RNU5A-1 gene ProteinENSG00000199568 (Ensembl)
RPAP2 ProteinQ8IXW5 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RPAP2:RPRD1A,B:RPRD2:RNA polymerase II (phosphoserine-5,7):Initiation factors:snRNA geneComplexR-HSA-6810229 (Reactome)
RPAP2ProteinQ8IXW5 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RPRD1A ProteinQ96P16 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RPRD1A,B:RPRD1A,BComplexR-HSA-6814908 (Reactome)
RPRD1B ProteinQ9NQG5 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RPRD2 ProteinQ5VT52 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RPRD2ProteinQ5VT52 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
SNAPC1 ProteinQ16533 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
SNAPC2 ProteinQ13487 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
SNAPC3 ProteinQ92966 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
SNAPC4 ProteinQ5SXM2 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
SNAPC5 ProteinO75971 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
SNAPc:POU2F1,2:SP1:ZNF143:snRNA geneComplexR-HSA-6810222 (Reactome)
SNAPcComplexR-HSA-83730 (Reactome)
SP1 ProteinP08047 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
SP1ProteinP08047 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
SRRT ProteinQ9BXP5 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
SRRTProteinQ9BXP5 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
SSU72ProteinQ9NP77 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
SUPT4H1 ProteinP63272 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TAF11 ProteinQ15544 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TAF13 ProteinQ15543 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TAF5 ProteinQ15542 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TAF6 ProteinP49848 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TAF8 ProteinQ7Z7C8 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TAF9 ProteinQ16594 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TBP ProteinP20226 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TBPProteinP20226 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TFIIAComplexR-HSA-109629 (Reactome)
TFIIEComplexR-HSA-109633 (Reactome)
TFIIFComplexR-HSA-109631 (Reactome)
U1 snRNA ProteinV00590 (EMBL)
U1,U2,U4,U4atac,U5,U11,U12 geneComplexR-HSA-6807498 (Reactome)
U11 snRNA ProteinENST00000387069 (Ensembl)
U12 snRNA ProteinENST00000362512 (Ensembl)
U2 snRNA ProteinX59360 (EMBL)
U4 snRNA ProteinX59361 (EMBL)
U4atac snRNA ProteinENST00000580972 (Ensembl)
U5 snRNA ProteinX04293 (EMBL)
UTPMetaboliteCHEBI:15713 (ChEBI)
VWA9 ProteinQ96SY0 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ZC3H8 ProteinQ8N5P1 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ZNF143 ProteinP52747 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ZNF143ProteinP52747 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-S2,S7-POLR2A ProteinP24928 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) The C-terminal domain (CTD) of POLR2A contains about 52 repeats of the consensus heptad YSPTSPS. Serines-2,5, and 7 of the heptads are phosphorylated in RNA polymerase II initiating transcription of snRNA genes. The exact repeats that are phosphorylated are not known.
p-S5,S7-POLR2A ProteinP24928 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) The C-terminal domain (CTD) of POLR2A contains about 52 repeats of the consensus heptad YSPTSPS. Serines-2,5, and 7 of the heptads are phosphorylated in RNA polymerase II initiating transcription of snRNA genes. The exact repeats that are phosphorylated are not known.
p-SUPT5H ProteinO00267 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
pre-snRNA R-HSA-6814536 (Reactome)
snTAFcComplexR-HSA-6810230 (Reactome)

Annotated Interactions

View all...
SourceTargetTypeDatabase referenceComment
ADPArrowR-HSA-6810233 (Reactome)
ATPR-HSA-6810233 (Reactome)
ATPR-HSA-6814549 (Reactome)
ATPR-HSA-6814559 (Reactome)
CBCAP:capped

snRNA

U1,U2,U4,U4atac,U5,U11,U12		ArrowR-HSA-6814555 (Reactome)
CDK7R-HSA-6810234 (Reactome)
CTPR-HSA-6814549 (Reactome)
CTPR-HSA-6814559 (Reactome)
Cap Binding Complex (CBC)R-HSA-6814885 (Reactome)
DSIF complexArrowR-HSA-6814549 (Reactome)
GTF2BR-HSA-6810234 (Reactome)
GTPR-HSA-6814549 (Reactome)
GTPR-HSA-6814559 (Reactome)
Initiation

factors:CDK7:snRNA

gene		ArrowR-HSA-6810234 (Reactome)
Initiation

factors:CDK7:snRNA

gene		ArrowR-HSA-6814554 (Reactome)
Initiation

factors:CDK7:snRNA

gene		R-HSA-6810238 (Reactome)
IntegratorArrowR-HSA-6814554 (Reactome)
IntegratorR-HSA-6814549 (Reactome)
LECArrowR-HSA-6814554 (Reactome)
LECR-HSA-6814549 (Reactome)
P-TEFb complexR-HSA-6810234 (Reactome)
PCF11ArrowR-HSA-6814555 (Reactome)
PHAXR-HSA-6814885 (Reactome)
POU2F1,2:SP1:ZNF143:snRNA geneArrowR-HSA-6807496 (Reactome)
POU2F1,2:SP1:ZNF143:snRNA geneR-HSA-6810239 (Reactome)
POU2F1,2R-HSA-6807496 (Reactome)
R-HSA-6807496 (Reactome) An octamer binding factor, POU2F1 (Oct-1) or POU2F2 (Oct-2), SP1, ZNF143 (Staf) and possibly other transcription factors bind the distal sequence element (DSE) in the promoter of the snRNA gene (Murphy et al. 1992, Strom et al. 1996, Murphy 1997, Hovde et al. 2002). These upstream transcription factors enhance subsequent binding of the SNAPc complex to the downstream proximal sequence element (PSE) of the promoter.
R-HSA-6810233 (Reactome) CDK7 phosphorylates serine-5 residues of heptad repeats (consensus YSPTSPS) in the C-terminal domain (CTD) of the large subunit (POLR2A) of RNA polymerase II. Serine-7 residues of the heptad repeats are also phosphorylated at promoters of snRNA genes (Egloff et al. 2007) and CDK7 is required for phosphorylation of serine-7 in vivo (Glover-Cutter et al. 2009). P-TEFb and DNA-PK are able to phosphorylate serine-7 in vitro (Glover-Cutter et al. 2009, Egloff et al. 2010). Impairment of CTD phosphorylation does not appear to affect transcription of snRNA genes but rather impairs 3' processing of the pre-snRNA (Medlin et al. 2003, Jacobs et al. 2004).
R-HSA-6810234 (Reactome) The promoter of an snRNA gene binds the basal transcription factors TFIIA, TFIIB (GTF2B), TFIIE, and TFIIF (Bernues et al. 1993, Kuhlman et al. 1999). Rather than the TFIID complex found at promoters of mRNA-encoding genes, a unique complex containing TBP (Sadowski et al. 1993) and snTAFc is present at promoters of snRNA genes (Zaborowska et al. 2012). The P-TEFb complex is also observed at snRNA genes, however, it seems to play a role more in 3' processing than in elongation (Medlin et al. 2005). CDK7 is also present and phosphorylates the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II (Glover-Cutter et al. 2009).
R-HSA-6810235 (Reactome) The protein phosphatase RPAP2 binds RNA polymerase II phosphorylated at serine-7 of the C-terminal domain (CTD) (Egloff et al. 2012). RPRD1A and RPRD1B bind RNA polymerase II with RPAP2 and appear to act as scaffolds for the complex (Ni et al. 2011, Ni et al. 2014).
R-HSA-6810238 (Reactome) The basal initiation factors TFIIA, TFIIB, TFIIE, TFIIF, and TBP:snTAFc recruit unphosphorylated RNA polymerase II to the promoter of the (U1, U2, U4, U5) snRNA gene (Gunderson et al. 1990, Kuhlman et al. 1999, Zaborowska et al. 2012).
R-HSA-6810239 (Reactome) Transcription factors at the distal sequence element (DSE) recruit the SNAPc complex to bind the proximal sequence element (PSE) (Sadowski et al. 1993, Henry et al. 1995, Mittal et al. 1996, Ford and Hernandez 1997, Ford et al. 1998, Hovde et al. 2002, Jawdekar et al. 2006, James Faresse et al. 2012). Binding of SNAPc distinguishes snRNA promoters from promoters of mRNA-encoding genes, which have TATA or other elements rather than PSEs (Henry et al. 1995).
R-HSA-6814549 (Reactome) In an unknown order of events, RNA polymerase II initiates transcription and the Integrator complex (Baillat et al. 2005) and Little Elongation Complex (LEC, Hu et al. 2013) are recruited to phosphorylated RNA polymerase II (Egloff et al. 2010). The Integrator complex interacts with RPAP2, which binds phosphoserine-7 of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II and is required for recruitment of Integrator (Egloff et al. 2007, Egloff et al. 2012). RPAP2 interacts with the putative scaffold proteins RPRD1A and RPRD1B at the CTD (Ni et al. 2011, Ni et al. 2014) and DSIF is required for recruitment of Integrator (Skaar et al. 2015). The Integrator complex does not seem to play a significant role in subsequent elongation of the pre-snRNA transcript but is critical for processing of the 3' end of the pre-snRNA.
R-HSA-6814554 (Reactome) Like RNA polymerase II at mRNA-encoding genes, RNA polymerase II at snRNA genes is believed to be dephosphorylated at the C-terminal domain (CTD) in order to begin another round of transcription. RNA polymerase II and factors bound to its C-terminal domain (CTD) dissociate and RNA polymerase II dissociates from the 3' end of the snRNA gene. The order of events is unclear.
R-HSA-6814555 (Reactome) Transcription of the pre-snRNA extends through a conserved region, the 3' box, and terminates downstream. The heterodimeric subunits INTS9 and INTS11 within the Integrator complex form an endoribonuclease that cleaves the pre-snRNA at a location 5' to the 3' box (Baillat et al. 2005, Abrecht and Wagner 2012, Skaar et al. 2015), releasing the capped snRNA bound to the cap binding complex. Factors that bind the 5' cap of the pre-snRNA enhance processing at the 3' end (Hallais et al. 2013) and polyadenlyation factors PCF11 and SKU72 are required for transcription termination (O'Reilly et al. 2014). The remainder of the transcript downstream of the cleavage site is presumably degraded by exoribonuclease.
R-HSA-6814559 (Reactome) A 7-methylguanosine triphosphate group is added to the 5' end of the pre-snRNA during transcription elongation (Mattaj 1986). The capping enzyme and cap methyltransferase involved in mRNA capping may also be responsible for this reaction. In the case of mRNA capping, the capping enzyme is targeted to the pre-mRNA by interaction with the phosphorylated C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (McCracken et al. 1997). During elongation, the phosphorylation pattern of the CTD also changes: serine-5 is dephosphorylated by RPAP2 (Egloff et al. 2012) interacting with RPRD1A and RPRD1B (Ni et al. 2011, Ni et al. 2014) and serine-2 is phosphoryated by P-TEFb. Serine-7 is also phosphorylated, possibly, however the responsible kinase is not certain. The order of the capping and phosphorylation events is unknown.
R-HSA-6814885 (Reactome) As the capped pre-snRNA continues to be elongated, the CBCAP complex comprising NCBP1 (CBP80), NCBP2 (CBP20), SRRT (ARS2) and PHAX binds the 7-methylguanosine cap (Hallais et al. 2013). The CBCAP complex enhances 3' processing of the pre-snRNA (Hallais et al. 2013) and participates in export of the snRNA from the nucleus to the cytosol, where the snRNA is further modified and assembled with proteins into pre-snRNPs.
RNA

polymerase II

(phosphoserine-2,7):RPAP2:Integrator:LEC:CBCAP:capped pre-snRNA:Initiation factors:snRNA gene		ArrowR-HSA-6814885 (Reactome)
RNA

polymerase II

(phosphoserine-2,7):RPAP2:Integrator:LEC:CBCAP:capped pre-snRNA:Initiation factors:snRNA gene		R-HSA-6814555 (Reactome)
RNA

polymerase II

(phosphoserine-2,7):RPAP2:Integrator:LEC:CBCAP:capped pre-snRNA:Initiation factors:snRNA gene		mim-catalysisR-HSA-6814555 (Reactome)
RNA

polymerase II

(phosphoserine-2,7):RPAP2:Integrator:LEC:Initiation factors:snRNA gene		ArrowR-HSA-6814555 (Reactome)
RNA

polymerase II

(phosphoserine-2,7):RPAP2:Integrator:LEC:Initiation factors:snRNA gene		R-HSA-6814554 (Reactome)
RNA

polymerase II

(phosphoserine-2,7):RPAP2:Integrator:LEC:capped pre-snRNA:Initiation factors:snRNA gene		ArrowR-HSA-6814559 (Reactome)
RNA

polymerase II

(phosphoserine-2,7):RPAP2:Integrator:LEC:capped pre-snRNA:Initiation factors:snRNA gene		R-HSA-6814885 (Reactome)
RNA

polymerase II

(phosphoserine-5,7):Initiation factors:CDK7:snRNA gene		ArrowR-HSA-6810233 (Reactome)
RNA

polymerase II

(phosphoserine-5,7):Initiation factors:CDK7:snRNA gene		R-HSA-6810235 (Reactome)
RNA

polymerase II

(phosphoserine-5,7):RPRD1A,B:RPRD2:RPAP2:Integrator:LEC:pre-snRNA:Initiation factors:snRNA gene		ArrowR-HSA-6814549 (Reactome)
RNA

polymerase II

(phosphoserine-5,7):RPRD1A,B:RPRD2:RPAP2:Integrator:LEC:pre-snRNA:Initiation factors:snRNA gene		R-HSA-6814559 (Reactome)
RNA

polymerase II

(phosphoserine-5,7):RPRD1A,B:RPRD2:RPAP2:Integrator:LEC:pre-snRNA:Initiation factors:snRNA gene		mim-catalysisR-HSA-6814559 (Reactome)
RNA

polymerase II

(unphosphorylated):Initiation factors at promoter of snRNA gene		ArrowR-HSA-6810238 (Reactome)
RNA

polymerase II

(unphosphorylated):Initiation factors at promoter of snRNA gene		R-HSA-6810233 (Reactome)
RNA

polymerase II

(unphosphorylated):Initiation factors at promoter of snRNA gene		mim-catalysisR-HSA-6810233 (Reactome)
RNA Polymerase II

holoenzyme complex

(unphosphorylated)		ArrowR-HSA-6814554 (Reactome)
RNA Polymerase II

holoenzyme complex

(unphosphorylated)		R-HSA-6810238 (Reactome)
RPAP2:RPRD1A,B:RPRD2:RNA polymerase II (phosphoserine-5,7):Initiation factors:snRNA geneArrowR-HSA-6810235 (Reactome)
RPAP2:RPRD1A,B:RPRD2:RNA polymerase II (phosphoserine-5,7):Initiation factors:snRNA geneR-HSA-6814549 (Reactome)
RPAP2:RPRD1A,B:RPRD2:RNA polymerase II (phosphoserine-5,7):Initiation factors:snRNA genemim-catalysisR-HSA-6814549 (Reactome)
RPAP2ArrowR-HSA-6814554 (Reactome)
RPAP2R-HSA-6810235 (Reactome)
RPRD1A,B:RPRD1A,BArrowR-HSA-6814554 (Reactome)
RPRD1A,B:RPRD1A,BR-HSA-6810235 (Reactome)
RPRD2ArrowR-HSA-6814554 (Reactome)
RPRD2R-HSA-6810235 (Reactome)
SNAPc:POU2F1,2:SP1:ZNF143:snRNA geneArrowR-HSA-6810239 (Reactome)
SNAPc:POU2F1,2:SP1:ZNF143:snRNA geneR-HSA-6810234 (Reactome)
SNAPcR-HSA-6810239 (Reactome)
SP1R-HSA-6807496 (Reactome)
SRRTR-HSA-6814885 (Reactome)
SSU72ArrowR-HSA-6814555 (Reactome)
TBPR-HSA-6810234 (Reactome)
TFIIAR-HSA-6810234 (Reactome)
TFIIER-HSA-6810234 (Reactome)
TFIIFR-HSA-6810234 (Reactome)
U1,U2,U4,U4atac,U5,U11,U12 geneR-HSA-6807496 (Reactome)
UTPR-HSA-6814549 (Reactome)
UTPR-HSA-6814559 (Reactome)
ZNF143R-HSA-6807496 (Reactome)
snTAFcR-HSA-6810234 (Reactome)
Retrieved from "https://classic.wikipathways.org/index.php/Pathway:WP3827"
Personal tools