Creatine pathway (Homo sapiens)
From WikiPathways
Description
In humans, creatine is synthesized in the liver, pancreas, kidney and brain. From arginine and glycine, guanidinoacetate and ornithine are formed. With S-adenosylmethionine and the help of GAMT, guanidinoacetate is converted into creatine. From the liver, pancreas, kidney and brain, creatine is exported to tissues such as skeletal muscle and brain, where it undergoes phosphorylation and serves as a short-term energy store. Creatine is transported to these tissues with the help of SLC6A8 transporter.
Once formed, phosphocreatine and creatine undergo both a slow spontaneous reaction to form creatinine, which is excreted from the body via the urinary system.
This pathway was inspired by Chapter 32 of the book of Blau (ISBN 3642403360 (978-3642403361) ed. 4).
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Ontology Terms
Saving...Bibliography
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- Atherton RS, Laws JF, Miles BJ, Thomson AR; ''Brain adenosine 5'-triphosphate-creatine phosphotransferase.''; Biochem J, 1970 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Pemberton TA, Tanner JJ; ''Structural basis of substrate selectivity of Δ(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase (ALDH4A1): semialdehyde chain length.''; Arch Biochem Biophys, 2013 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Rossi JJ, Vender J, Berg CM, Coleman WH; ''Partial purification and some properties of delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase from Escherichia coli.''; J Bacteriol, 1977 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Sekhar PN, Amrutha RN, Sangam S, Verma DP, Kishor PB; ''Biochemical characterization, homology modeling and docking studies of ornithine delta-aminotransferase--an important enzyme in proline biosynthesis of plants.''; J Mol Graph Model, 2007 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- HOBSON GE, REES KR; ''The annelid phosphokinases.''; Biochem J, 1957 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Komoto J, Huang Y, Takata Y, Yamada T, Konishi K, Ogawa H, Gomi T, Fujioka M, Takusagawa F; ''Crystal structure of guanidinoacetate methyltransferase from rat liver: a model structure of protein arginine methyltransferase.''; J Mol Biol, 2002 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Shirai H, Blundell TL, Mizuguchi K; ''A novel superfamily of enzymes that catalyze the modification of guanidino groups.''; Trends Biochem Sci, 2001 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
History
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External references
DataNodes
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| Name | Type | Database reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2-oxoglutarate | Metabolite | CHEBI:16810 (ChEBI)  | |
| ADP | Metabolite | CHEBI:456216 (ChEBI) | |
| ATP | Metabolite | CHEBI:30616 (ChEBI) | |
| Arginine | Metabolite | CHEBI:32682 (ChEBI) | |
| CK | Protein | P12277 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
| Creatine | Metabolite | CHEBI:16919 (ChEBI) | |
| Creatinine | Metabolite | CHEBI:16737 (ChEBI) | |
| GAMT | GeneProduct | ENSG00000130005 (Ensembl) | |
| GATM | GeneProduct | ENSG00000171766 (Ensembl) | aka AGAT |
| Glutamate-5 -semialdehyde | Metabolite | Q2823261 (Wikidata) | |
| Glutamate | Metabolite | CHEBI:14321 (ChEBI) | |
| Glycine | Metabolite | HMDB0000123 (HMDB) | |
| Guanidinoacetate | Metabolite | CHEBI:16344 (ChEBI) | |
| OAT | GeneProduct | ENSG00000065154 (Ensembl) | |
| Ornithine | Metabolite | CHEBI:45453 (ChEBI) | |
| Phospho- guanidinoacetate | Metabolite | CHEBI:16034 (ChEBI) | |
| Phosphocreatine | Metabolite | HMDB0001511 (HMDB) | |
| Proline and hydroxyproline | Pathway | WP5026 (WikiPathways) | |
| Proline | Metabolite | CHEBI:26271 (ChEBI) | |
| Pyrroline-5-carboxylate | Metabolite | CHEBI:15893 (ChEBI) | |
| S-Adenosylhomocysteine | Metabolite | CHEBI:16680 (ChEBI) | |
| S-adenosylmethionine | Metabolite | CHEBI:15414 (ChEBI) | |
| SLC6A8 | GeneProduct | ENSG00000130821 (Ensembl) | |
| Urea cycle | Pathway | WP4595 (WikiPathways) | |
| Vitamin B6 | Metabolite | CHEBI:27306 (ChEBI) |
Annotated Interactions
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| Source | Target | Type | Database reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2-oxoglutarate | Glutamate-5 -semialdehyde | mim-conversion | 25163 (Rhea) | This conversion is bidirectional. I added two lines to make it more clear for the computer |
| Arginine | Guanidinoacetate | mim-conversion | 13202 (Rhea) | Directionality of reaction based on info from Rhea and reactome |
| Creatine | Phosphocreatine | mim-conversion | 17160 (Rhea) | This conversion is bidirectional. I added two lines to make it more clear for the computer |
| Glutamate-5 -semialdehyde | 2-oxoglutarate | mim-conversion | 25163 (Rhea) | This conversion is bidirectional. I added two lines to make it more clear for the computer. |
| Glutamate-5 -semialdehyde | Pyrroline-5-carboxylate | mim-conversion | 28237 (Rhea) | This conversion is bidirectional. I added two lines to make it more clear for the computer |
| Glycine | mim-conversion | 13202 (Rhea) | Directionality of reaction based on info from Rhea and reactome | |
| Guanidinoacetate | Creatine | mim-conversion | 10657 (Rhea) | |
| Guanidinoacetate | Phospho- guanidinoacetate | 14148 (Rhea) | This conversion is bidirectional. I added two lines to make it more clear for the computer. | |
| Guanidinoacetate | Phospho- guanidinoacetate | mim-conversion | 14148 (Rhea) | This conversion is bidirectional. I added two lines to make it more clear for the computer. |
| Ornithine | mim-conversion | 13202 (Rhea) | Directionality of reaction based on info from Rhea and reactome | |
| Phosphocreatine | Creatine | mim-conversion | 17160 (Rhea) | This conversion is bidirectional. I added two lines to make it more clear for the computer |
| Proline | Pyrroline-5-carboxylate | mim-conversion | 14112 (Rhea) | This conversion is bidirectional. I added two lines to make it more clear for the computer |
| Pyrroline-5-carboxylate | Glutamate-5 -semialdehyde | mim-conversion | 28237 (Rhea) | This conversion is bidirectional. I added two lines to make it more clear for the computer |
| Pyrroline-5-carboxylate | Proline | mim-conversion | 14112 (Rhea) | This conversion is bidirectional. I added two lines to make it more clear for the computer |
