G alpha (q) signaling events (Homo sapiens)

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96, 1917, 327, 304, 8, 13, 15, 20510, 27, 36341811, 2812cytosolTRH(135-137) TRHR PGE2 TACR3 PLCB2 I(1,4,5)P3 Cysteinyl leukotrienes CHRM5 HTR2A EDN3(97-117) FFAR2 BDKRB2 Zn2+ CH3COO- LTC4 NPSR1 GCGR PTGFR MCHR1 5HT QRFPR PALM NMU FFAR1 HXA GRPR UTP AVPR1B GNB4 HCRTR1 HCRT(70-97) EtCOO- or C2H5COO- GPR132 EDN1 LTB4R2 Bombesin-like peptide P2RY1 TACR1 GNG12 OPN4 CASR TACR3 XCL1 GNA11 GNGT2 EDNRA XCL2 GCG(53-81) CCL23-2 CYSLTR1 GNG5 TACR1 F2RL2(22-374) GNB2 GPR68 PMCH(147-165) PALM GRK5GNAQ NPFF(69-76) TAC3 TRH(152-154) STEA FFAR3 ligands LXA4 Endothelin GPRC6A CYSLTR1 AVP(20-28) PROKR1,PROKR2 GNA15 PIK3R3 P2RY6 LPAR4 PROK1 GNG12 MLN(26-47) Valerate ATP CCKBR GRP(24-50) PTAFR PTGER1 DDCX QRFP CCK LPAR6 PLC-beta:G-alpha(q/11):DAG:IP3DecS-GHRL-1(24-50) TRIO family RhoGEFsGNA14 LTE4 F2RL3(18-385) ADR NMU LTB4R2 QRFPR ADRA1A NPFFR1,NPFFR2 NPFF(69-76) CHRM3 FFAR4 FFAR2 OPN4 UTS2B GDPGLA DTTA GNAQ GNRH2(24-33) NMUR2 MCHR2 FFAR4 GTP ADRA1B AVPR1A GTP NPS BRS3 GPR132 GRM1 LTD4 GRM5 LPAR1 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic acid HTR2C P2RY6 Proteinase-activated receptors GNAQ F2RL1(37-397) ADRA1A,B,D O-octanoyl-L-serine-GHRL-1(24-50) Bradykinin F2R(27-425) HCRT(70-97) HRH1 GRK2 P2RY11 FPR2 GPR68 P2RY11 PROK2 PLCB1 QRFP AcCho CCKBR HCRT(34-66) GNG13 GPR17 NTSR2 CCKBR LPAR3 XCL2 MLNR GNA14 GNB5 GPR68 DHA GRM1,GRM5 BUT LPAR5 TRH(186-188) XCR1 LXA4 RGZ LTB4 TRHR ELDA GNG11 MT-RNR2 SAA1(19-122) PGE2 PROKR2 EDN3(97-117) AGT(34-41) CYSLTR1 Pentadecanoic acid GPR143 GNB5 CASR NPS GLA KISS1R GNA15 Pmoa CCK GNG4 GNA14 GNAQ AcCho GNRHR2 OPN4 GDP HCOOH ELDA NTSR1 CHRM5 APP(672-713) NMB(47-56) CHRM3 thrombin heavy chain TBXA2R GNAQ PI3K alphaPLCB4 UTS2B NMBR MLN(26-47) GRM5 NPSR1 Gastrin-CREBsignalling pathwayvia PKC and MAPKNPFFR2 PLCB3 P2RY2 FPR2 GRK5 ELDA GTP GRP(24-50) NMS APP(672-713) Photon Effects of PIP2hydrolysisEPA PAF GNRH1(24-33) PLCB3 P2RY2 LXA4 LPAR4 5HT GNG12 TRH(135-137) LPAR2 Hist ADR Hist GNB1 GPR4 AGTR1 GNG13 GNGT2 GRPR thrombin heavy chain MCHR1 NPFFR1 TRH(135-137) FFAR2 AGTR1 GNG5 OLEA L-Dopa NTS(151-163) PGF2a PLC-betaOPN4 GNRH2(24-33) 11,14,17-eicosatrienoic acid ALA GPR4 CHRM1 thrombin light chain pH sensing receptors GNG11 GNA11 GNG7 ATP NMBR GNB2 GNAQ F2RL3(18-385) GnRH receptor LTB4 GNA11 AcCho HCRTR2 EDNRA CASR GNAQ L-Glu HCRTR2 TRH(84-86) EDNRA 11,14,17-eicosatrienoic acid TACR3 PTGFR TAC1(58-68) GNGT1 GAST(76-92) thrombin heavy chain NTS(151-163) GNA11 GNRH1(24-33) GTP GLA GNG7 NPFFR2 GNB3 HeterotrimericG-protein Gq/11(inactive)HTR2A TACR2 LTD4 FFAR1 OXTR HTR2B PROK1 SAA1(19-122) Bradykinin receptor GNA15 G-protein alpha(q/11):Trio familyRhoGEFsNMU CH3COO- BDKRB2 P2RY10 TACR1 PROK2 Basic L-amino acids PLCB4 KALRN TXA2 ADRA1B TRH(227-229) GNRHR2 GHSR RGS19 G-protein beta-gammacomplexHCRT(70-97) CYSLTR2 AGT(34-41) NPSR1 RGS18 CCKAR TAC3 PLCB1 UTS2R GNG10 DDCX GNA11 FFAR3 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic acid ARHGEF25 TAC1(58-68) EDN3(97-117) GPR17 PTGER1 NPSR1 GNG7 thrombin light chain 5HT TAC1(98-107) G-protein alpha(q):GRK5CHRM1, 3, 5 GPRC6A PLC beta:G alpha(q/11)O-octanoyl-L-serine-GHRL-1(24-51) Basic L-amino acids PLCB1 UTS2,UTS2B STEA GPR17 HRH1 PLCB1 Pentadecanoic acid Bradykinin NPFF(69-76) GHSR LTB4R,LTB4R2 CCL23-2 PROKR1 CHRM5 thrombin light chain PGE2 BDKRB1 TBXA2R NMUR1,NMUR2 GNA11 CCKAR,CCKBR EPA GNRH2(24-33) Valerate DecS-GHRL-1(24-50) OXTR GPR65 LTB4 HCRTR2 PI(4,5)P2 HXA Hist GNG3 EDNRA,EDNRB LTB4 NTSR1,NTSR2 GNAQ TRH(114-116) NTS(151-163) EDN2 DPA NAd PTGER1 GNB2 GNA11 PROK2 GPR65 ADRA1D GNG8 GNA11 FFAR2 LPAR5 OXT(20-28) XCL1 GNRHR EPA CCK EDN2 PTGER1 GNG3 OXT(20-28) GPR4 UTS2B NPFFR1 AVP(20-28) Bombesin-like receptor NAd TRH(114-116) LPAR2 PAF FFAR3 PIK3R1 GNA15 RGSL1 O-octanoyl-L-serine-GHRL-1(24-50) AVPR1A,B Basic L-amino acids P2RY1 RGZ AGTR1 UTS2R EtCOO- or C2H5COO- GNG10 PMCH(147-165) GNB1 NMUR1 GPR143 TAC1(58-68) PIK3R3 CCKAR TAC1(98-107) GNG10 GNG3 GPR143 GNB5 PTGFR EDN2 LTB4R NMUR1 G-protein alpha(q):GRK2TAC3 TRIO PAF PROKR2 P2RY6 GNA11 QRFPR 11,14,17-eicosatrienoic acid HCRT(34-66) GTP GNA14 P2RY1 TRHR Photon ADR, NAd P2RY2 NTSR2 GTP LPAR1 L-Glu RGS3 GNG8 Photon NMS HTR2A-C P2RY11 GNRHR2 GNG7 GNB3 OLEA KISS1(68-121) TRH(152-154) ADP GNG2 GNA15 Zn2+ UTP KISS1(68-121) GNA11 RGS proteins activefor G alpha (q)thrombin light chain GNG5 GNA15 FFAR4 HTR2C Ligand:GPCRcomplexesthatactivateGq/11:Heterotrimeric G-protein Gq (active)PTAFR Pmoa PROK1 DecS-GHRL-1(24-50) F2RL1(37-397) GTPDTTA L-Glu MLNR CCK HCRT(34-66) XCR1 HCRTR1 GPR39 NMUR2 TAC3 Ligands of GPCRsthat activate Gq/11GPR17 thrombin heavy chain DHA TXA2 MYSA GNG11 HCOOH TRH(84-86) F2R(27-425) GTP PROKR1 TACR2 FFAR1 Hist HCRT(34-66) HRH1 EDN1 Acyl Ghrelin GNA14 MCHR2 GNRH1(24-33) ADRA1B CHRM1 PAF KISS1R GNG8 GNA14 AGT(34-41) QRFP PTAFR H+ EDNRB NMBR ATP NMB(47-56) NTSR1 KALRN H+ GNRHR GNA15 QRFP LPAR1,2,3,5 UTS2R PROKR1 LPAR2 PMCH(147-165) DPA GNA14 LPAR4 ADP HTR2C PGF2a GHSR HCRT(70-97) F2RL3(18-385) TAC1(98-107) GNG2 TAC1(98-107) HCRTR1 Ca2+ Bradykinin MT-RNR2 LTB4R LPAR6 RGS2 HRH1 TRH(84-86) NPS PIK3R1 GPR143 GAST(76-92) GNGT2 L-Glu FPR2 FFAR4 PLCB2 LTD4 LPAR5 DDCX Pentadecanoic acid P2RY6 ADRA1A BDKRB1 GNB4 GRPR PLCB4 LPAR3 TACR2 P2RY10 FFAR3 NPFFR2 F2R(27-425) GPRC6A ligands LTB4R2 PLCB4 KISS1R OXTR GTP HTR2B TRH(227-229) GCG(53-81) AVP(20-28) UDP GNG8 LPAR1 GRM1 TRHR P2RY11 O-octanoyl-L-serine-GHRL-1(24-51) UDP BRS3 FFAR4 ligands AVPR1B FPR2 ligands BDKRB2 CCKAR ALA O-octanoyl-L-serine-GHRL-1(24-51) NPFF(69-76) AcCho NTSR1 GNA15 PLCB2 Ligand:GPCRcomplexesthatactivateGq/11:Heterotrimeric G-protein Gq (inactive)DecS-GHRL-1(24-51) GNB5 XCL1 GNG10 AVPR1B GNG13 F2RL1(37-397) XCR1 BDKRB1 Ca2+ Zn2+ HTR2B AVP(20-28) GCGR CYSLTR2 GNG12 GNG2 PGE2 CH3COO- RGZ TRH LPA GCG(53-81) ARHGEF25 GNGT1 MYSA F2RL2(22-374) GPR132 LPAR3 GNG11 UDP TRH(152-154) P2RY10 ANXA1 L-Dopa GNA11 NAd ADRA1A Ca2+ QRFPR PTGFR DecS-GHRL-1(24-51) UTS2 LPA TXA2 GAST(76-92) PALM KISS1(68-121) G-protein alpha(q/11): GTPBUT GNA14 GNB3 NTSR2 CYSLTR1,CYSLTR2 GNG2 TAC1(58-68) TBXA2R GNG3 GNA14 GNB1 H+ OXTR ADP MCHR1 TRH(227-229) GNG4 GPR65 GNB4 GNG4 GAST(76-92) DecS-GHRL-1(24-51) PLCB3 GNGT2 GHSR LPA CHRM1 AVPR1A ALA EDN1 BRS3 TACR2 EDNRB GNAQ GRP(24-50) FFAR1 LTC4 G-protein beta:gammasignallingNMUR2 NMS CYSLTR2 HXA 5HT AGTR1 GNA15 Zn2+ ANXA1 GNA14 PIK3CA DHA GNG5 OLEA GNB3 MLN(26-47) PGF2a GCGR NMU CHRM3 PMCH(147-165) GPRC6A Pmoa P2RY10 UTP P2RY2 GPR39 PGF2a PROK1,PROK2 LTB4R P2RY1 G-protein alpha(q/11):PI3K alphaPLC-beta:G-alpha(q/11):PIP2PROKR2 LPAR6 Bradykinin ADP GNAQ GDP L-Dopa OXT(20-28) AVPR1A UTS2 TRIO FFAR3 GNAQ GNG4 TXA2 GRM1 GNA15 NTS(151-163) NMUR1 L-Dopa GTP Valerate GNA15 GPCRs that activateGq/11ADRA1D MCHR2 NPFFR1 PIK3R2 GNB4 UTS2R CASR O-octanoyl-L-serine-GHRL-1(24-50) XCL2 LTE4 PLCB3 LPA STEA GNB2 TRH(114-116) CCL23-2 NMUR2 Photon KISS1(68-121) FFAR1 ligands GRM5 PLCB2 EtCOO- or C2H5COO- TBXA2R LTE4 UTS2 GNRHR MYSA EDNRB HCRTR2 TACR3 SAA1(19-122) GRK2GNA14 GDP GCG(53-81) GPR39 TRH(186-188) 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic acid FFAR2 ligands LTC4 GCGR GNA11 PIK3CA TRH(186-188) ATP Ca2+ BUT XCR1 GNG13 RGS21 GNAQ DAG PIK3R2 KISS1R NPS ANXA1 HTR2A GNA15 GNA14 F2RL2(22-374) GPR39 GNRH ligands ADRA1D MLNR NMS MLN(26-47) MCHR1,MCHR2 LPAR4 GNB1 HCRTR1 NMB(47-56) MT-RNR2 DPA APP(672-713) MLNR HCOOH GPRC6A ADR FPR2 G-protein alpha(q/11):GDPCCKBR DTTA OXT(20-28) XCL1,XCL2 TACR1 Ligand:GPCRcomplexes thatactivate Gq/11GNGT1 H+ GNGT1 UDP AGT(34-41) PTAFR LPAR6 14, 243723, 25, 29, 343133, 3533, 3533, 3533, 3533, 3533, 3533, 352633, 351, 16, 21312, 22


Description

The classic signalling route for G alpha (q) is activation of phospholipase C beta thereby triggering phosphoinositide hydrolysis, calcium mobilization and protein kinase C activation. This provides a path to calcium-regulated kinases and phosphatases, GEFs, MAP kinase cassettes and other proteins that mediate cellular responses ranging from granule secretion, integrin activation, and aggregation in platelets. Gq participates in many other signalling events including direct interaction with RhoGEFs that stimulate RhoA activity and inhibition of PI3K. Both in vitro and in vivo, the G-protein Gq seems to be the predominant mediator of the activation of platelets. Moreover, G alpha (q) can stimulate the activation of Burton tyrosine kinase (Ma Y C et al. 1998). Regulator of G-protein Signalling (RGS) proteins can regulate the activity of G alpha (z) (Soundararajan M et al. 2008). View original pathway at:Reactome.

Comments

Reactome-Converter 
Pathway is converted from Reactome ID: 416476
Reactome-version 
Reactome version: 66
Reactome Author 
Reactome Author: Jupe, Steve

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Bibliography

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History

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CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
116409view09:05, 7 May 2021EweitzModified title
113243view11:31, 2 November 2020ReactomeTeamReactome version 74
101713view14:51, 1 November 2018DeSlOntology Term : 'G protein mediated signaling pathway via Galphaq family' added !
101370view11:26, 1 November 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 66
100908view21:01, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 65
100449view19:35, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamreactome version 64
100273view16:57, 31 October 2018ReactomeTeamNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

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NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
11,14,17-eicosatrienoic acid MetaboliteCHEBI:53460 (ChEBI)
5HT MetaboliteCHEBI:28790 (ChEBI)
8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic acid MetaboliteCHEBI:53486 (ChEBI)
ADP MetaboliteCHEBI:16761 (ChEBI)
ADR MetaboliteCHEBI:28918 (ChEBI)
ADR, NAd R-ALL-390627 (Reactome)
ADRA1A ProteinP35348 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ADRA1A,B,D R-HSA-390684 (Reactome)
ADRA1B ProteinP35368 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ADRA1D ProteinP25100 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
AGT(34-41) ProteinP01019 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
AGTR1 ProteinP30556 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ALA MetaboliteCHEBI:27432 (ChEBI)
ANXA1 ProteinP04083 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
APP(672-713) ProteinP05067 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ARHGEF25 ProteinQ86VW2 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ATP MetaboliteCHEBI:15422 (ChEBI)
AVP(20-28) ProteinP01185 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
AVPR1A ProteinP37288 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
AVPR1A,B R-HSA-388458 (Reactome)
AVPR1B ProteinP47901 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
AcCho MetaboliteCHEBI:15355 (ChEBI)
Acyl Ghrelin R-HSA-422096 (Reactome)
BDKRB1 ProteinP46663 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
BDKRB2 ProteinP30411 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
BRS3 ProteinP32247 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
BUT MetaboliteCHEBI:30772 (ChEBI)
Basic L-amino acids R-ALL-420746 (Reactome)
Bombesin-like peptide R-HSA-375360 (Reactome)
Bombesin-like receptor R-HSA-375362 (Reactome)
Bradykinin ProteinP01042 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Bradykinin receptor R-HSA-374323 (Reactome)
CASR ProteinP41180 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CCK ProteinP06307 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CCKAR ProteinP32238 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CCKAR,CCKBR R-HSA-388518 (Reactome)
CCKBR ProteinP32239 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CCL23-2 ProteinP55773-2 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CH3COO- MetaboliteCHEBI:15366 (ChEBI)
CHRM1 ProteinP11229 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CHRM1, 3, 5 R-HSA-390660 (Reactome)
CHRM3 ProteinP20309 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CHRM5 ProteinP08912 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CYSLTR1 ProteinQ9Y271 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CYSLTR1,CYSLTR2 R-HSA-416385 (Reactome)
CYSLTR2 ProteinQ9NS75 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Ca2+ MetaboliteCHEBI:29108 (ChEBI)
Cysteinyl leukotrienes R-ALL-416372 (Reactome)
DAG MetaboliteCHEBI:17815 (ChEBI)
DDCX MetaboliteCHEBI:30805 (ChEBI)
DHA MetaboliteCHEBI:28125 (ChEBI)
DPA MetaboliteCHEBI:53488 (ChEBI)
DTTA MetaboliteCHEBI:53487 (ChEBI)
DecS-GHRL-1(24-50) ProteinQ9UBU3-1 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
DecS-GHRL-1(24-51) ProteinQ9UBU3-1 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
EDN1 ProteinP05305 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
EDN2 ProteinP20800 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
EDN3(97-117) ProteinP14138 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
EDNRA ProteinP25101 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
EDNRA,EDNRB R-HSA-388547 (Reactome)
EDNRB ProteinP24530 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ELDA MetaboliteCHEBI:27997 (ChEBI)
EPA MetaboliteCHEBI:28364 (ChEBI)
Effects of PIP2 hydrolysisPathwayR-HSA-114508 (Reactome) Hydrolysis of phosphatidyl inositol-bisphosphate (PIP2) by phospholipase C (PLC) produces diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol triphosphate (IP3). Both are potent second messengers. IP3 diffuses into the cytosol, but as DAG is a hydrophobic lipid it remains within the plasma membrane. IP3 stimulates the release of calcium ions from the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, while DAG activates the conventional and unconventional protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms, facilitating the translocation of PKC from the cytosol to the plasma membrane. The effects of DAG are mimicked by tumor-promoting phorbol esters. DAG is also a precursor for the biosynthesis of prostaglandins, the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol and an activator of a subfamily of TRP-C (Transient Receptor Potential Canonical) cation channels 3, 6, and 7.
Endothelin R-HSA-388544 (Reactome)
EtCOO- or C2H5COO- MetaboliteCHEBI:30768 (ChEBI)
F2R(27-425) ProteinP25116 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) This is the inactive form of the receptor, before protease activation. Proteinase (protease) activated receptors are activated by the cleavage of an N-terminal extracellular segment by serine proteases, particularly thrombin which activates PAR1, 3 and 4. The cleaved fragment is an activating ligand for the receptor; synthetic peptide mimics of the N-terminal fragment can activate uncleaved receptors.
F2RL1(37-397) ProteinP55085 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) This is the inactive form of the receptor, before protease activation. Proteinase (protease) activated receptors are activated by the cleavage of an N-terminal extracellular segment by serine proteases, particularly thrombin which activates PAR1, 3 and 4. The cleaved fragment is an activating ligand for the receptor; synthetic peptide mimics of the N-terminal fragment can activate uncleaved receptors.
F2RL2(22-374) ProteinO00254 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) This is the inactive form of the receptor, before protease activation. Proteinase (protease) activated receptors are activated by the cleavage of an N-terminal extracellular segment by serine proteases, particularly thrombin which activates PAR1, 3 and 4. The cleaved fragment is an activating ligand for the receptor; synthetic peptide mimics of the N-terminal fragment can activate uncleaved receptors.
F2RL3(18-385) ProteinQ96RI0 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) This is the inactive form of the receptor, before protease activation. Proteinase (protease) activated receptors are activated by the cleavage of an N-terminal extracellular segment by serine proteases, particularly thrombin which activates PAR1, 3 and 4. The cleaved fragment is an activating ligand for the receptor; synthetic peptide mimics of the N-terminal fragment can activate uncleaved receptors.
FFAR1 ProteinO14842 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
FFAR1 ligands R-ALL-400427 (Reactome)
FFAR2 ProteinO15552 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
FFAR2 ligands R-ALL-444210 (Reactome)
FFAR3 ProteinO14843 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
FFAR3 ligands R-ALL-444074 (Reactome)
FFAR4 ProteinQ5NUL3 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
FFAR4 ligands R-ALL-400551 (Reactome)
FPR2 ProteinP25090 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
FPR2 ligands R-HSA-444472 (Reactome)
G-protein alpha (q):GRK2ComplexR-HSA-416515 (Reactome)
G-protein alpha (q):GRK5ComplexR-HSA-416517 (Reactome)
G-protein alpha (q/11): GTPComplexR-HSA-114534 (Reactome)
G-protein alpha (q/11):GDPComplexR-HSA-114556 (Reactome)
G-protein alpha (q/11):PI3K alphaComplexR-HSA-416356 (Reactome)
G-protein alpha

(q/11):Trio family

RhoGEFs
ComplexR-HSA-400608 (Reactome)
G-protein beta-gamma complexComplexR-HSA-167434 (Reactome)
G-protein beta:gamma signallingPathwayR-HSA-397795 (Reactome) The classical role of the G-protein beta/gamma dimer was believed to be the inactivation of the alpha subunit, Gbeta/gamma was viewed as a negative regulator of Galpha signalling. It is now known that Gbeta/gamma subunits can directly modulate many effectors, including some also regulated by G alpha.
GAST(76-92) ProteinP01350 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GCG(53-81) ProteinP01275 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GCGR ProteinP47871 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GDP MetaboliteCHEBI:17552 (ChEBI)
GDPMetaboliteCHEBI:17552 (ChEBI)
GHSR ProteinQ92847 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GLA MetaboliteCHEBI:28661 (ChEBI)
GNA11 ProteinP29992 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GNA14 ProteinO95837 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GNA15 ProteinP30679 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GNAQ ProteinP50148 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GNB1 ProteinP62873 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GNB2 ProteinP62879 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GNB3 ProteinP16520 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GNB4 ProteinQ9HAV0 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GNB5 ProteinO14775 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GNG10 ProteinP50151 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GNG11 ProteinP61952 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GNG12 ProteinQ9UBI6 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GNG13 ProteinQ9P2W3 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GNG2 ProteinP59768 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GNG3 ProteinP63215 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GNG4 ProteinP50150 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GNG5 ProteinP63218 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GNG7 ProteinO60262 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GNG8 ProteinQ9UK08 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GNGT1 ProteinP63211 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GNGT2 ProteinO14610 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GNRH ligands R-HSA-873938 (Reactome)
GNRH1(24-33) ProteinP01148 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GNRH2(24-33) ProteinO43555 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GNRHR ProteinP30968 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GNRHR2 ProteinQ96P88 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GPCRs that activate Gq/11ComplexR-HSA-791493 (Reactome)
GPR132 ProteinQ9UNW8 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GPR143 ProteinP51810 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GPR17 ProteinQ13304 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GPR39 ProteinO43194 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GPR4 ProteinP46093 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GPR65 ProteinQ8IYL9 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GPR68 ProteinQ15743 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GPRC6A ProteinQ5T6X5 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GPRC6A ligands R-ALL-420706 (Reactome)
GRK2 ProteinP25098 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GRK2ProteinP25098 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GRK5 ProteinP34947 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GRK5ProteinP34947 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GRM1 ProteinQ13255 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GRM1,GRM5 R-HSA-420566 (Reactome)
GRM5 ProteinP41594 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GRP(24-50) ProteinP07492 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GRPR ProteinP30550 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
GTP MetaboliteCHEBI:15996 (ChEBI)
GTPMetaboliteCHEBI:15996 (ChEBI)
Gastrin-CREB

signalling pathway

via PKC and MAPK
PathwayR-HSA-881907 (Reactome) Gastrin is a hormone whose main function is to stimulate secretion of hydrochloric acid by the gastric mucosa, which results in gastrin formation inhibition. This hormone also acts as a mitogenic factor for gastrointestinal epithelial cells. Gastrin has two biologically active peptide forms, G34 and G17.Gastrin gene expression is upregulated in both a number of pre-malignant conditions and in established cancer through a variety of mechanisms. Depending on the tissue where it is expressed and the level of expression, differential processing of the polypeptide product leads to the production of different biologically active peptides. In turn, acting through the classical gastrin cholecystokinin B receptor CCK-BR, its isoforms and alternative receptors, these peptides trigger signalling pathways which influence the expression of downstream genes that affect cell survival, angiogenesis and invasion (Wank 1995, de Weerth et al. 1999, Grabowska & Watson 2007)
GnRH receptor R-HSA-391368 (Reactome)
H+ MetaboliteCHEBI:15378 (ChEBI)
HCOOH MetaboliteCHEBI:30751 (ChEBI)
HCRT(34-66) ProteinO43612 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
HCRT(70-97) ProteinO43612 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
HCRTR1 ProteinO43613 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
HCRTR2 ProteinO43614 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
HRH1 ProteinP35367 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
HTR2A ProteinP28223 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
HTR2A-C R-HSA-391030 (Reactome)
HTR2B ProteinP41595 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
HTR2C ProteinP28335 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
HXA MetaboliteCHEBI:17120 (ChEBI)
Heterotrimeric

G-protein Gq/11

(inactive)
ComplexR-HSA-114557 (Reactome)
Hist MetaboliteCHEBI:18295 (ChEBI)
I(1,4,5)P3 MetaboliteCHEBI:16595 (ChEBI)
KALRN ProteinO60229 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
KISS1(68-121) ProteinQ15726 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
KISS1R ProteinQ969F8 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
L-Dopa MetaboliteCHEBI:15765 (ChEBI)
L-Glu MetaboliteCHEBI:29985 (ChEBI)
LPA MetaboliteCHEBI:52288 (ChEBI)
LPAR1 ProteinQ92633 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
LPAR1,2,3,5 R-HSA-419369 (Reactome)
LPAR2 ProteinQ9HBW0 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
LPAR3 ProteinQ9UBY5 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
LPAR4 ProteinQ99677 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
LPAR5 ProteinQ9H1C0 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
LPAR6 ProteinP43657 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
LTB4 MetaboliteCHEBI:15647 (ChEBI)
LTB4R ProteinQ15722 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
LTB4R,LTB4R2 R-HSA-416401 (Reactome)
LTB4R2 ProteinQ9NPC1 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
LTC4 MetaboliteCHEBI:16978 (ChEBI)
LTD4 MetaboliteCHEBI:28666 (ChEBI)
LTE4 MetaboliteCHEBI:15650 (ChEBI)
LXA4 MetaboliteCHEBI:6498 (ChEBI)
Ligand:GPCR

complexes that activate

Gq/11:Heterotrimeric G-protein Gq (active)
ComplexR-HSA-749447 (Reactome)
Ligand:GPCR

complexes that activate

Gq/11:Heterotrimeric G-protein Gq (inactive)
ComplexR-HSA-749451 (Reactome)
Ligand:GPCR

complexes that

activate Gq/11
ComplexR-HSA-380110 (Reactome)
Ligands of GPCRs that activate Gq/11ComplexR-HSA-791492 (Reactome)
MCHR1 ProteinQ99705 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
MCHR1,MCHR2 R-HSA-947667 (Reactome)
MCHR2 ProteinQ969V1 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
MLN(26-47) ProteinP12872 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
MLNR ProteinO43193 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
MT-RNR2 ProteinQ8IVG9 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
MYSA MetaboliteCHEBI:28875 (ChEBI)
NAd MetaboliteCHEBI:18357 (ChEBI)
NMB(47-56) ProteinP08949 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
NMBR ProteinP28336 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
NMS ProteinQ5H8A3 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
NMU ProteinP48645 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
NMUR1 ProteinQ9HB89 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
NMUR1,NMUR2 R-HSA-964805 (Reactome)
NMUR2 ProteinQ9GZQ4 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
NPFF(69-76) ProteinO15130 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
NPFFR1 ProteinQ9GZQ6 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
NPFFR1,NPFFR2 R-HSA-389406 (Reactome)
NPFFR2 ProteinQ9Y5X5 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
NPS ProteinP0C0P6 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
NPSR1 ProteinQ6W5P4 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
NTS(151-163) ProteinP30990 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
NTSR1 ProteinP30989 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
NTSR1,NTSR2 R-HSA-388917 (Reactome)
NTSR2 ProteinO95665 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
O-octanoyl-L-serine-GHRL-1(24-50) ProteinQ9UBU3-1 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
O-octanoyl-L-serine-GHRL-1(24-51) ProteinQ9UBU3-1 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
OLEA MetaboliteCHEBI:16196 (ChEBI)
OPN4 ProteinQ9UHM6 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
OXT(20-28) ProteinP01178 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
OXTR ProteinP30559 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
P2RY1 ProteinP47900 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
P2RY10 ProteinO00398 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
P2RY11 ProteinQ96G91 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
P2RY2 ProteinP41231 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
P2RY6 ProteinQ15077 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PAF MetaboliteCHEBI:52450 (ChEBI)
PALM MetaboliteCHEBI:15756 (ChEBI)
PGE2 MetaboliteCHEBI:15551 (ChEBI)
PGF2a MetaboliteCHEBI:15553 (ChEBI)
PI(4,5)P2 MetaboliteCHEBI:18348 (ChEBI)
PI3K alphaComplexR-HSA-198379 (Reactome)
PIK3CA ProteinP42336 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PIK3R1 ProteinP27986 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PIK3R2 ProteinO00459 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PIK3R3 ProteinQ92569 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PLC beta:G alpha (q/11)ComplexR-HSA-398158 (Reactome)
PLC-beta:G-alpha(q/11):DAG:IP3ComplexR-HSA-8983509 (Reactome)
PLC-beta:G-alpha(q/11):PIP2ComplexR-HSA-8983508 (Reactome)
PLC-betaComplexR-HSA-111854 (Reactome)
PLCB1 ProteinQ9NQ66 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PLCB2 ProteinQ00722 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PLCB3 ProteinQ01970 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PLCB4 ProteinQ15147 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PMCH(147-165) ProteinP20382 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PROK1 ProteinP58294 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PROK1,PROK2 R-HSA-444692 (Reactome)
PROK2 ProteinQ9HC23 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PROKR1 ProteinQ8TCW9 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PROKR1,PROKR2 R-HSA-444628 (Reactome)
PROKR2 ProteinQ8NFJ6 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PTAFR ProteinP25105 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PTGER1 ProteinP34995 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PTGFR ProteinP43088 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Pentadecanoic acid MetaboliteCHEBI:42504 (ChEBI)
Photon R-ALL-419777 (Reactome)
Pmoa MetaboliteCHEBI:28716 (ChEBI)
Proteinase-activated receptors R-HSA-389458 (Reactome)
QRFP ProteinP83859 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
QRFPR ProteinQ96P65 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RGS proteins active for G alpha (q)ComplexR-HSA-921123 (Reactome)
RGS18 ProteinQ9NS28 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RGS19 ProteinP49795 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RGS2 ProteinP41220 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RGS21 ProteinQ2M5E4 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RGS3 ProteinP49796 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RGSL1 ProteinA5PLK6 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RGZ MetaboliteCHEBI:50122 (ChEBI)
SAA1(19-122) ProteinP0DJI8 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
STEA MetaboliteCHEBI:9254 (ChEBI)
TAC1(58-68) ProteinP20366 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TAC1(98-107) ProteinP20366 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TAC3 ProteinQ9UHF0 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TACR1 ProteinP25103 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TACR2 ProteinP21452 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TACR3 ProteinP29371 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TBXA2R ProteinP21731 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TRH R-HSA-444529 (Reactome)
TRH(114-116) ProteinP20396 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TRH(135-137) ProteinP20396 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TRH(152-154) ProteinP20396 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TRH(186-188) ProteinP20396 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TRH(227-229) ProteinP20396 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TRH(84-86) ProteinP20396 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TRHR ProteinP34981 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TRIO ProteinO75962 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TRIO family RhoGEFsComplexR-HSA-399963 (Reactome)
TXA2 MetaboliteCHEBI:15627 (ChEBI)
UDP MetaboliteCHEBI:17659 (ChEBI)
UTP MetaboliteCHEBI:15713 (ChEBI)
UTS2 ProteinO95399 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
UTS2,UTS2B R-HSA-445115 (Reactome)
UTS2B ProteinQ765I0 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
UTS2R ProteinQ9UKP6 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Valerate MetaboliteCHEBI:31011 (ChEBI)
XCL1 ProteinP47992 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
XCL1,XCL2 R-HSA-373356 (Reactome)
XCL2 ProteinQ9UBD3 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
XCR1 ProteinP46094 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Zn2+ MetaboliteCHEBI:29105 (ChEBI)
pH sensing receptors R-HSA-444736 (Reactome)
thrombin heavy chain ProteinP00734 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
thrombin light chain ProteinP00734 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)

Annotated Interactions

View all...
SourceTargetTypeDatabase referenceComment
G-protein alpha (q):GRK2ArrowR-HSA-416516 (Reactome)
G-protein alpha (q):GRK5ArrowR-HSA-416510 (Reactome)
G-protein alpha (q/11): GTPArrowR-HSA-749452 (Reactome)
G-protein alpha (q/11): GTPR-HSA-398188 (Reactome)
G-protein alpha (q/11): GTPR-HSA-400586 (Reactome)
G-protein alpha (q/11): GTPR-HSA-416358 (Reactome)
G-protein alpha (q/11): GTPR-HSA-416510 (Reactome)
G-protein alpha (q/11): GTPR-HSA-416516 (Reactome)
G-protein alpha (q/11): GTPR-HSA-418582 (Reactome)
G-protein alpha (q/11): GTPmim-catalysisR-HSA-418582 (Reactome)
G-protein alpha (q/11):GDPArrowR-HSA-418582 (Reactome)
G-protein alpha (q/11):GDPR-HSA-750993 (Reactome)
G-protein alpha (q/11):PI3K alphaArrowR-HSA-416358 (Reactome)
G-protein alpha

(q/11):Trio family

RhoGEFs
ArrowR-HSA-400586 (Reactome)
G-protein beta-gamma complexArrowR-HSA-749452 (Reactome)
G-protein beta-gamma complexR-HSA-750993 (Reactome)
GDPArrowR-HSA-379048 (Reactome)
GPCRs that activate Gq/11ArrowR-HSA-749452 (Reactome)
GRK2R-HSA-416516 (Reactome)
GRK5R-HSA-416510 (Reactome)
GTPR-HSA-379048 (Reactome)
Heterotrimeric

G-protein Gq/11

(inactive)
ArrowR-HSA-750993 (Reactome)
Heterotrimeric

G-protein Gq/11

(inactive)
R-HSA-749448 (Reactome)
Ligand:GPCR

complexes that activate

Gq/11:Heterotrimeric G-protein Gq (active)
ArrowR-HSA-379048 (Reactome)
Ligand:GPCR

complexes that activate

Gq/11:Heterotrimeric G-protein Gq (active)
R-HSA-749452 (Reactome)
Ligand:GPCR

complexes that activate

Gq/11:Heterotrimeric G-protein Gq (inactive)
ArrowR-HSA-749448 (Reactome)
Ligand:GPCR

complexes that activate

Gq/11:Heterotrimeric G-protein Gq (inactive)
R-HSA-379048 (Reactome)
Ligand:GPCR

complexes that activate

Gq/11:Heterotrimeric G-protein Gq (inactive)
mim-catalysisR-HSA-379048 (Reactome)
Ligand:GPCR

complexes that

activate Gq/11
R-HSA-749448 (Reactome)
Ligands of GPCRs that activate Gq/11ArrowR-HSA-749452 (Reactome)
PI3K alphaR-HSA-416358 (Reactome)
PLC beta:G alpha (q/11)ArrowR-HSA-398188 (Reactome)
PLC beta:G alpha (q/11)mim-catalysisR-HSA-114688 (Reactome)
PLC-beta:G-alpha(q/11):DAG:IP3ArrowR-HSA-114688 (Reactome)
PLC-beta:G-alpha(q/11):PIP2R-HSA-114688 (Reactome)
PLC-betaR-HSA-398188 (Reactome)
R-HSA-114688 (Reactome) Phospholipase C (PLC) isozymes are a group of related proteins that cleave the polar head group from inositol phospholipids, typically in response to signals from cell surface receptors. They hydrolyze the highly phosphorylated lipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) generating two products: inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3), a universal calcium-mobilizing second messenger, and diacylglycerol (DAG), an activator of protein kinase C. PLC-beta isoforms are regulated by heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins. PLC-beta 1 and 3 are widely expressed, with the highest concentrations found in (differing) specific regions of the brain. PLC-beta 2 is expressed at highest levels in cells of hematopoeitic origin; it is involved in leukocyte signaling and host defense. PLC-beta 4 is highly concentrated in cerebellar Purkinje and granule cells, the median geniculate body, whose axons terminate in the auditory cortex, and the lateral geniculate nucleus, where most retinal axons terminate in a visuotopic representation of each half of the visual field.
R-HSA-379048 (Reactome) G alpha q protein (or Gq/11) consists of four family members (G-alpha 11, -alpha 14, -alpha 15 and -alpha q). It activates phospholipase C (PLC) (Dowal L et al, 2006). PLC hydrolyzes phosphatidylinositol (PIP2) to diacyl glycerol (DAG) and inositol triphosphate (IP3). DAG acts as a second messenger that activates protein kinase C (PKC) and IP3 can bind to IP3 receptors, particular calcium channels in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Calcium flow causes the cytosolic concentration of calcium to increase, causing a cascade of intracellular changes and activity.
R-HSA-398188 (Reactome) The active form of G protein alpha subunit q (Gq-alpha) was found to activate phospholipase C beta-1 (PLC-beta1), in investigations using bovine membranes. Subsequently, all 4 human isoforms have been shown to be activated by Gq, though activation of PLCbeta-4 is limited. In recombinant assays, several activated rat G alpha q family members were found to stimulate human PLC-beta isoforms with the same rank order of decreasing potency. PLC-beta1 stimulation was slightly more than for PLC-beta3; PLC-beta3 stimulation was 10-fold greater than for beta-2. PLC-beta2 is expressed specifically in hematopoietic cells. PLC-beta acts directly on Gq to accelerate hydrolysis of bound GTP, thus PLC-betas are GTPase activating proteins (GAPs). The crystal structure of the C-terminal region from Turkey PLC-beta, revealed a novel fold composed almost entirely of three long helices forming a coiled-coil that dimerizes along its long axis in an antiparallel orientation. The extent of the dimer interface and gel exclusion chromatography data suggest that PLC-betas are functionally dimeric.
R-HSA-400586 (Reactome) The Trio family of RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factors (RhoGEFs) are directly activated by G alpha (q), possibly within a Gq:Trio:RhoA signalling complex, thereby linking Gq to RhoA-mediated processes such as cell migration, proliferation, and contraction. Like most other RhoGEFs, they have a tandem motif consisting of a Dbl homology (DH) and a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain. Trio and Duet have a number of other domains including an immunoglobin domains that may be involved in interacting with Rho, but the considerably smaller GEFT (p63RhoGEF) does not have any identifiable additional domains yet appears to be sufficient to mediate the activation of RhoA by G alpha (q). The structure represented by GEFT is proposed to represent the core of an ancient signal transduction pathway.
R-HSA-416358 (Reactome) Phospholipase C activation is the classical signalling route for G alpha (q) but an additional mechanism is an inhibitory interaction between G alpha (q) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase alpha (PI3K alpha). There are several PI3K subtypes but only the p85 alpha/p110 alpha subtype (PI3K alpha) is a G alpha (q) effector (PMID: 18515384). Activated G alpha (q) inhibits PI3K alpha directly, in a GTP-dependent manner. G alpha(q) binding of PI3K competes with Ras, a PI3K activator (PMID: 16268778).
R-HSA-416510 (Reactome) GRKs are serine/threonine kinases that phosphorylate GPCRs leading to receptor desensitization. GRK5 appears to be the predominant regulator of PAR1 desensitization in endothelial cells.
R-HSA-416516 (Reactome) GRK2 can inhibit GPCR signaling via phosphorylation-independent sequestration of Gq/11/14 subunits utilising its RGS homology (RH) domain. GRK2 may be an effector of activated Gq, initiating signalling cascades other than the classical PLC beta signalling associated with Gq.
R-HSA-418582 (Reactome) When a ligand activates a G protein-coupled receptor, it induces a conformational change in the receptor (a change in shape) that allows the receptor to function as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), stimulating the exchange of GDP for GTP on the G alpha subunit. In the traditional view of heterotrimeric protein activation, this exchange triggers the dissociation of the now active G alpha subunit from the beta:gamma dimer, initiating downstream signalling events. The G alpha subunit has intrinsic GTPase activity and will eventually hydrolyze the attached GTP to GDP, allowing reassociation with G beta:gamma. Additional GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) stimulate the GTPase activity of G alpha, leading to more rapid termination of the transduced signal. In some cases the downstream effector may have GAP activity, helping to deactivate the pathway. This is the case for phospholipase C beta, which possesses GAP activity within its C-terminal region (Kleuss et al. 1994).
R-HSA-749448 (Reactome) Numerous functionally unrelated GPCRs couple with the Gq G-protein subtype.
R-HSA-749452 (Reactome) The classical view of G-protein signalling is that the G-protein alpha subunit dissociates from the beta:gamma dimer. Activated G alpha (q) and the beta:gamma dimer then participate in separate signaling cascades. Although G protein dissociation has been contested (e.g. Bassi et al. 1996), recent in vivo experiments have demonstrated that dissociation does occur, though possibly not to completion (Lambert 2008).
R-HSA-750993 (Reactome) The classical model of G-protein signaling suggests that the G-protein dissociates upon GPCR activation. The active G alpha (q) subunit then participates in signaling, until its intrinsic GTPase activity degrades the bound GTP to GDP. The inactive G alpha (q):GDP complex has much higher affinity for the G beta:gamma complex and consequently reassociates.
RGS proteins active for G alpha (q)ArrowR-HSA-418582 (Reactome)
TRIO family RhoGEFsR-HSA-400586 (Reactome)
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