Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)

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1-4GluconeogenesisGlycolysisTransportMitochondrionTCA CycleTDH3PDX1AcetaldehydeTDH1PyruvatePYC11,3-BisphosphoglycerateLPD1GLK1ACS2AcetatePhosphoenolpyruvateMAE1PDC1PDA1OxaloacetateALD6EthanolGlyceraldehyde-3-phosphateADH3 (mt)PFK1AcetaldehydeGlucose-6-phosphateMDH1 (mt)PGK1Acetyl-CoAGPM1PGI1MDH22-PhosphoglyceratePYC2HXK2PDC5PDB1PYK2TPI1ADH2EthanolFBP1ENO1AcetateHXK1MalateAcetyl-CoAADH4 (mt)3-PhosphoglycerateFructose-1,6-bisphosphateLAT1PyruvateACS1 (mt)FBA1MDH3GlucosePCK1OxaloacetateMalateFructose-6-phosphatePFK2ADH1ADH5CDC19ENO2TDH2ALD4 (mt)Dihydroxyacetone phosphatePDC6


Description

Gluconeogenesis is the generation of glucose from non-sugar carbon substrates such as pyruvate, lactate, glycerol, and glucogenic amino acids (primarily alanine and glutamine). The process is essentially the reversal of the glycolysis pathway. The pathway is particularly important in animals, as the production of glucose from other metabolites is necessary for use as a fuel source by the brain, testes, erythrocytes and kidney medulla, all of which can use only glucose as the energy source. Gluconeogenesis in animals is perfomed mostly in the liver. The pathway is carried by cytoplasmic enzymes to the level of glucose-6-phosphate. Since free glucose tends to freely diffuse out of the cell, actual glucose formation is carried out in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum by gluocose-6-phosphatase . Glucose is then shuttled into the cytosol by glucose transporters. The main souces of carbon for gluconeogenesis in animals is lactate, formed in skeletal muscle cells during anaerobic glycolysis and carried to the liver in the blood stream. The conversion of glucose into lactate by glycolysis and back to glucose by gluconeogenesis is referred to as the Cori Cycle. Pathway summary from MetaCyc

Comments

GenMAPP notes 

Based on Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis Pathways at SGD and on Kruckeberg, AL and Dickinson, JR (2004) Carbon Metabolism in The Metabolism and Molecular Physiology of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Dickinson, JR and Schweizer, M, eds, CRC Press.

GenMAPP remarks 

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Ontology Terms

 

Bibliography

  1. Katz J, Tayek JA; ''Recycling of glucose and determination of the Cori Cycle and gluconeogenesis.''; Am J Physiol, 1999 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  2. Waterhouse C, Keilson J; ''Cori cycle activity in man.''; J Clin Invest, 1969 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  3. Palmieri L, Vozza A, Agrimi G, De Marco V, Runswick MJ, Palmieri F, Walker JE; ''Identification of the yeast mitochondrial transporter for oxaloacetate and sulfate.''; J Biol Chem, 1999 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  4. Eisenstein AB; ''Current concepts of gluconeogenesis.''; Am J Clin Nutr, 1967 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  5. Lardy HA; ''Gluconeogenesis: pathways and hormonal regulation.''; Harvey Lect, 1966 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia

History

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CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
117299view11:16, 20 May 2021EweitzModified title
114360view19:31, 8 January 2021DeSlUpdated duplicate ID for glucose from cas to wikidata
114359view19:31, 8 January 2021DeSlremoved genmap comment on clickable link
107028view13:48, 17 September 2019MaintBotHMDB identifier normalization
102421view10:08, 23 December 2018EgonwReplaced a deleted CAS number with the active one.
89337view22:51, 4 September 2016AlexanderPicoQuick edit to datanode annotation or property
79808view16:34, 16 April 2015Mkutmonfixed unconnected line
78397view10:25, 7 January 2015MaintBotadded missing graphIds
76249view22:05, 23 June 2014MaintBotchanged legend lines from interactions to graphical lines
76237view17:10, 20 June 2014MaintBotUpdated organelle shape and pathway node
69625view20:35, 8 July 2013MaintBotUpdated to 2013 gpml schema
58987view19:34, 21 February 2013MaintBotUpdated Ensembl and UniProt data source
57621view19:46, 30 January 2013AlexanderPicoOntology Term : 'gluconeogenesis pathway' added !
57620view19:45, 30 January 2013AlexanderPicoOntology Term : 'glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway' added !
57619view19:45, 30 January 2013AlexanderPicoOntology Term : 'glycolysis pathway' added !
57615view19:37, 30 January 2013AlexanderPicoAdded OAC1 and reference
42806view18:18, 2 May 2011Khanspersadded groups
41860view04:51, 2 March 2011MaintBotRemoved redundant pathway information and comments
34364view22:33, 9 December 2009MaintBotAutomatic update of empty xrefs
29953view01:35, 15 June 2009AlexanderPicominor tweaks
29952view01:32, 15 June 2009AlexanderPicoAdded references
29951view01:28, 15 June 2009AlexanderPicoModified description
29950view01:19, 15 June 2009AlexanderPicominor tweak
29949view01:18, 15 June 2009AlexanderPicoModified layout
29948view00:50, 15 June 2009AlexanderPicoConnected and curated
29947view00:44, 15 June 2009AlexanderPicoPeriodical save, work in progress
29901view12:09, 9 June 2009Thomasupdated ensembl references
21762view11:32, 14 November 2008MaintBot[[Pathway:Saccharomyces cerevisiae:Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis]] moved to [[Pathway:WP515]]: Moved to stable identifier
12738view08:00, 17 May 2008MaintBotautomated metabolite conversion
10994view20:21, 2 March 2008MaintBotyeast id converter
8768view14:08, 7 January 2008MaintBotAdded to category $category
8766view14:08, 7 January 2008KdahlquistUploaded new pathway

External references

DataNodes

View all...
NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
1,3-BisphosphoglycerateMetaboliteHMDB01270 (HMDB)
2-PhosphoglycerateMetaboliteHMDB00362 (HMDB)
3-PhosphoglycerateMetaboliteHMDB00807 (HMDB)
ACS1 (mt)GeneProductYAL054C (Ensembl Yeast)
ACS2GeneProductYLR153C (Ensembl Yeast)
ADH1GeneProductYOL086C (Ensembl Yeast)
ADH2GeneProductYMR303C (Ensembl Yeast)
ADH3 (mt)GeneProductYMR083W (Ensembl Yeast)
ADH4 (mt)GeneProductYGL256W (Ensembl Yeast)
ADH5GeneProductYBR145W (Ensembl Yeast)
ALD4 (mt)GeneProductYOR374W (Ensembl Yeast)
ALD6GeneProductYPL061W (Ensembl Yeast)
AcetaldehydeMetabolite75-07-0 (CAS)
AcetateMetabolite64-19-7 (CAS)
Acetyl-CoAMetabolite72-89-9 (CAS)
CDC19GeneProductYAL038W (Ensembl Yeast)
Dihydroxyacetone phosphateMetaboliteHMDB01473 (HMDB)
ENO1GeneProductYGR254W (Ensembl Yeast)
ENO2GeneProductYHR174W (Ensembl Yeast)
EthanolMetabolite64-17-5 (CAS)
FBA1GeneProductYKL060C (Ensembl Yeast)
FBP1GeneProductYLR377C (Ensembl Yeast)
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphateMetaboliteHMDB01058 (HMDB)
Fructose-6-phosphateMetabolite643-13-0 (CAS)
GLK1GeneProductGLK1 (SGD)
GPM1GeneProductYKL152C (Ensembl Yeast)
Glucose-6-phosphateMetabolite59-56-3 (CAS)
GlucoseMetabolite50-99-7 (CAS)
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphateMetaboliteHMDB01112 (HMDB)
HXK1GeneProductYFR053C (Ensembl Yeast)
HXK2GeneProductYGL253W (Ensembl Yeast)
LAT1GeneProductYNL071W (Ensembl Yeast)
LPD1GeneProductYFL018C (Ensembl Yeast)
MAE1GeneProductYKL029C (Ensembl Yeast)
MDH1 (mt)GeneProductYKL085W (Ensembl Yeast)
MDH2GeneProductYOL126C (Ensembl Yeast)
MDH3GeneProductYDL078C (Ensembl Yeast)
MalateMetabolite617-48-1 (CAS)
OxaloacetateMetaboliteHMDB00223 (HMDB)
PCK1GeneProductPCK1 (SGD)
PDA1GeneProductYER178W (Ensembl Yeast)
PDB1GeneProductYBR221C (Ensembl Yeast)
PDC1GeneProductYLR044C (Ensembl Yeast)
PDC5GeneProductYLR134W (Ensembl Yeast)
PDC6GeneProductYGR087C (Ensembl Yeast)
PDX1GeneProductYGR193C (Ensembl Yeast)
PFK1GeneProductYGR240C (Ensembl Yeast)
PFK2GeneProductYMR205C (Ensembl Yeast)
PGI1GeneProductYBR196C (Ensembl Yeast)
PGK1GeneProductYCR012W (Ensembl Yeast)
PYC1GeneProductYGL062W (Ensembl Yeast)
PYC2GeneProductYBR218C (Ensembl Yeast)
PYK2GeneProductYOR347C (Ensembl Yeast)
PhosphoenolpyruvateMetabolite138-08-9 (CAS)
PyruvateMetaboliteHMDB00243 (HMDB)
TDH1GeneProductYOR176W (Ensembl Yeast)
TDH2GeneProductYJR009C (Ensembl Yeast)
TDH3GeneProductYGR192C (Ensembl Yeast)
TPI1GeneProductYDR050C (Ensembl Yeast)

Annotated Interactions

No annotated interactions
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