Mitotic G2-G2/M phases (Homo sapiens)

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1. Bublik DR, Scolz M, Triolo G, Monte M, Schneider C.; ''Human GTSE-1 regulates p21(CIP1/WAF1) stability conferring resistance to paclitaxel treatment.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
2. Chiyoda T, Sugiyama N, Shimizu T, Naoe H, Kobayashi Y, Ishizawa J, Arima Y, Tsuda H, Ito M, Kaibuchi K, Aoki D, Ishihama Y, Saya H, Kuninaka S.; ''LATS1/WARTS phosphorylates MYPT1 to counteract PLK1 and regulate mammalian mitotic progression.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
3. Chan EH, Santamaria A, Silljé HH, Nigg EA.; ''Plk1 regulates mitotic Aurora A function through betaTrCP-dependent degradation of hBora.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
4. Strausfeld U, Labbé JC, Fesquet D, Cavadore JC, Picard A, Sadhu K, Russell P, Dorée M.; ''Dephosphorylation and activation of a p34cdc2/cyclin B complex in vitro by human CDC25 protein.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
5. Kruiswijk F, Labuschagne CF, Vousden KH.; ''p53 in survival, death and metabolic health: a lifeguard with a licence to kill.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
6. Källström H, Lindqvist A, Pospisil V, Lundgren A, Rosenthal CK.; ''Cdc25A localisation and shuttling: characterisation of sequences mediating nuclear export and import.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
7. Bonnet J, Mayonove P, Morris MC.; ''Differential phosphorylation of Cdc25C phosphatase in mitosis.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
8. Seki A, Coppinger JA, Du H, Jang CY, Yates JR, Fang G.; ''Plk1- and beta-TrCP-dependent degradation of Bora controls mitotic progression.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
9. Parker LL, Piwnica-Worms H.; ''Inactivation of the p34cdc2-cyclin B complex by the human WEE1 tyrosine kinase.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
10. Macůrek L, Lindqvist A, Lim D, Lampson MA, Klompmaker R, Freire R, Clouin C, Taylor SS, Yaffe MB, Medema RH.; ''Polo-like kinase-1 is activated by aurora A to promote checkpoint recovery.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
11. Strausfeld U, Fernandez A, Capony JP, Girard F, Lautredou N, Derancourt J, Labbe JC, Lamb NJ.; ''Activation of p34cdc2 protein kinase by microinjection of human cdc25C into mammalian cells. Requirement for prior phosphorylation of cdc25C by p34cdc2 on sites phosphorylated at mitosis.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
12. Hirota T, Kunitoku N, Sasayama T, Marumoto T, Zhang D, Nitta M, Hatakeyama K, Saya H.; ''Aurora-A and an interacting activator, the LIM protein Ajuba, are required for mitotic commitment in human cells.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
13. Seki A, Coppinger JA, Jang CY, Yates JR, Fang G.; ''Bora and the kinase Aurora a cooperatively activate the kinase Plk1 and control mitotic entry.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
14. Bruinsma W, Raaijmakers JA, Medema RH.; ''Switching Polo-like kinase-1 on and off in time and space.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
15. Alvarez-Fernández M, Halim VA, Aprelia M, Laoukili J, Mohammed S, Medema RH.; ''Protein phosphatase 2A (B55α) prevents premature activation of forkhead transcription factor FoxM1 by antagonizing cyclin A/cyclin-dependent kinase-mediated phosphorylation.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
16. McGowan CH, Russell P.; ''Human Wee1 kinase inhibits cell division by phosphorylating p34cdc2 exclusively on Tyr15.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
17. Xu M, Sheppard KA, Peng CY, Yee AS, Piwnica-Worms H.; ''Cyclin A/CDK2 binds directly to E2F-1 and inhibits the DNA-binding activity of E2F-1/DP-1 by phosphorylation.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
18. Jang YJ, Ma S, Terada Y, Erikson RL.; ''Phosphorylation of threonine 210 and the role of serine 137 in the regulation of mammalian polo-like kinase.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
19. Xing Y, Li Z, Chen Y, Stock JB, Jeffrey PD, Shi Y.; ''Structural mechanism of demethylation and inactivation of protein phosphatase 2A.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
20. Kumagai A, Dunphy WG.; ''Purification and molecular cloning of Plx1, a Cdc25-regulatory kinase from Xenopus egg extracts.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
21. Krek W, Ewen ME, Shirodkar S, Arany Z, Kaelin WG, Livingston DM.; ''Negative regulation of the growth-promoting transcription factor E2F-1 by a stably bound cyclin A-dependent protein kinase.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
22. Laoukili J, Alvarez M, Meijer LA, Stahl M, Mohammed S, Kleij L, Heck AJ, Medema RH.; ''Activation of FoxM1 during G2 requires cyclin A/Cdk-dependent relief of autorepression by the FoxM1 N-terminal domain.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
23. Yu D, Jing T, Liu B, Yao J, Tan M, McDonnell TJ, Hung MC.; ''Overexpression of ErbB2 blocks Taxol-induced apoptosis by upregulation of p21Cip1, which inhibits p34Cdc2 kinase.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
24. Mailand N, Podtelejnikov AV, Groth A, Mann M, Bartek J, Lukas J.; ''Regulation of G(2)/M events by Cdc25A through phosphorylation-dependent modulation of its stability.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
25. Voges D, Zwickl P, Baumeister W.; ''The 26S proteasome: a molecular machine designed for controlled proteolysis.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
26. Sakchaisri K, Asano S, Yu LR, Shulewitz MJ, Park CJ, Park JE, Cho YW, Veenstra TD, Thorner J, Lee KS.; ''Coupling morphogenesis to mitotic entry.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
27. Liu D, Liao C, Wolgemuth DJ.; ''A role for cyclin A1 in the activation of MPF and G2-M transition during meiosis of male germ cells in mice.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
28. Scolz M, Widlund PO, Piazza S, Bublik DR, Reber S, Peche LY, Ciani Y, Hubner N, Isokane M, Monte M, Ellenberg J, Hyman AA, Schneider C, Bird AW.; ''GTSE1 is a microtubule plus-end tracking protein that regulates EB1-dependent cell migration.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
29. Mailand N, Falck J, Lukas C, Syljuâsen RG, Welcker M, Bartek J, Lukas J.; ''Rapid destruction of human Cdc25A in response to DNA damage.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
30. Teixidó-Travesa N, Villén J, Lacasa C, Bertran MT, Archinti M, Gygi SP, Caelles C, Roig J, Lüders J.; ''The gammaTuRC revisited: a comparative analysis of interphase and mitotic human gammaTuRC redefines the set of core components and identifies the novel subunit GCP8.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
31. Hagting A, Karlsson C, Clute P, Jackman M, Pines J.; ''MPF localization is controlled by nuclear export.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
32. Nakajima H, Toyoshima-Morimoto F, Taniguchi E, Nishida E.; ''Identification of a consensus motif for Plk (Polo-like kinase) phosphorylation reveals Myt1 as a Plk1 substrate.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
33. Fu Z, Malureanu L, Huang J, Wang W, Li H, van Deursen JM, Tindall DJ, Chen J.; ''Plk1-dependent phosphorylation of FoxM1 regulates a transcriptional programme required for mitotic progression.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
34. Lindqvist A, Källström H, Karlsson Rosenthal C.; ''Characterisation of Cdc25B localisation and nuclear export during the cell cycle and in response to stress.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
35. Scrofani J, Sardon T, Meunier S, Vernos I.; ''Microtubule nucleation in mitosis by a RanGTP-dependent protein complex.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
36. Takizawa CG, Weis K, Morgan DO.; ''Ran-independent nuclear import of cyclin B1-Cdc2 by importin beta.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
37. Xu X, Wang X, Xiao Z, Li Y, Wang Y.; ''Two TPX2-dependent switches control the activity of Aurora A.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
38. Honda R, Ohba Y, Nagata A, Okayama H, Yasuda H.; ''Dephosphorylation of human p34cdc2 kinase on both Thr-14 and Tyr-15 by human cdc25B phosphatase.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
39. Maxwell CA, Keats JJ, Belch AR, Pilarski LM, Reiman T.; ''Receptor for hyaluronan-mediated motility correlates with centrosome abnormalities in multiple myeloma and maintains mitotic integrity.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
40. Mayor T, Stierhof YD, Tanaka K, Fry AM, Nigg EA.; ''The centrosomal protein C-Nap1 is required for cell cycle-regulated centrosome cohesion.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
41. Yamashiro S, Yamakita Y, Totsukawa G, Goto H, Kaibuchi K, Ito M, Hartshorne DJ, Matsumura F.; ''Myosin phosphatase-targeting subunit 1 regulates mitosis by antagonizing polo-like kinase 1.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
42. Vousden KH, Prives C.; ''Blinded by the Light: The Growing Complexity of p53.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
43. Sadasivam S, Duan S, DeCaprio JA.; ''The MuvB complex sequentially recruits B-Myb and FoxM1 to promote mitotic gene expression.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
44. Jackman M, Firth M, Pines J.; ''Human cyclins B1 and B2 are localized to strikingly different structures: B1 to microtubules, B2 primarily to the Golgi apparatus.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
45. Dodson CA, Bayliss R.; ''Activation of Aurora-A kinase by protein partner binding and phosphorylation are independent and synergistic.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
46. Taniguchi E, Toyoshima-Morimoto F, Nishida E.; ''Nuclear translocation of plk1 mediated by its bipartite nuclear localization signal.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
47. Shi P, Zhu S, Lin Y, Liu Y, Liu Y, Chen Z, Shi Y, Qian Y.; ''Persistent stimulation with interleukin-17 desensitizes cells through SCFβ-TrCP-mediated degradation of Act1.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
48. Sen I, Veprintsev D, Akhmanova A, Steinmetz MO.; ''End binding proteins are obligatory dimers.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
49. Johnson EO, Chang KH, de Pablo Y, Ghosh S, Mehta R, Badve S, Shah K.; ''PHLDA1 is a crucial negative regulator and effector of Aurora A kinase in breast cancer.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
50. Petretti C, Savoian M, Montembault E, Glover DM, Prigent C, Giet R.; ''The PITSLRE/CDK11p58 protein kinase promotes centrosome maturation and bipolar spindle formation.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
51. De Baere I, Derua R, Janssens V, Van Hoof C, Waelkens E, Merlevede W, Goris J.; ''Purification of porcine brain protein phosphatase 2A leucine carboxyl methyltransferase and cloning of the human homologue.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
52. Wang G, Jiang Q, Zhang C.; ''The role of mitotic kinases in coupling the centrosome cycle with the assembly of the mitotic spindle.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
53. Liu Y, Lear T, Zhao Y, Zhao J, Zou C, Chen BB, Mallampalli RK.; ''F-box protein Fbxl18 mediates polyubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation of the pro-apoptotic SCF subunit Fbxl7.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
54. Hutterer A, Berdnik D, Wirtz-Peitz F, Zigman M, Schleiffer A, Knoblich JA.; ''Mitotic activation of the kinase Aurora-A requires its binding partner Bora.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
55. Hutchins JR, Toyoda Y, Hegemann B, Poser I, Hériché JK, Sykora MM, Augsburg M, Hudecz O, Buschhorn BA, Bulkescher J, Conrad C, Comartin D, Schleiffer A, Sarov M, Pozniakovsky A, Slabicki MM, Schloissnig S, Steinmacher I, Leuschner M, Ssykor A, Lawo S, Pelletier L, Stark H, Nasmyth K, Ellenberg J, Durbin R, Buchholz F, Mechtler K, Hyman AA, Peters JM.; ''Systematic analysis of human protein complexes identifies chromosome segregation proteins.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
56. Timofeev O, Cizmecioglu O, Hu E, Orlik T, Hoffmann I.; ''Human Cdc25A phosphatase has a non-redundant function in G2 phase by activating Cyclin A-dependent kinases.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
57. Monte M, Benetti R, Buscemi G, Sandy P, Del Sal G, Schneider C.; ''The cell cycle-regulated protein human GTSE-1 controls DNA damage-induced apoptosis by affecting p53 function.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
58. Takahashi M, Yamagiwa A, Nishimura T, Mukai H, Ono Y.; ''Centrosomal proteins CG-NAP and kendrin provide microtubule nucleation sites by anchoring gamma-tubulin ring complex.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
59. Casenghi M, Meraldi P, Weinhart U, Duncan PI, Körner R, Nigg EA.; ''Polo-like kinase 1 regulates Nlp, a centrosome protein involved in microtubule nucleation.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
60. Dynlacht BD, Flores O, Lees JA, Harlow E.; ''Differential regulation of E2F transactivation by cyclin/cdk2 complexes.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
61. O'Farrell PH.; ''Triggering the all-or-nothing switch into mitosis.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
62. Galaktionov K, Beach D.; ''Specific activation of cdc25 tyrosine phosphatases by B-type cyclins: evidence for multiple roles of mitotic cyclins.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
63. Kachaner D, Filipe J, Laplantine E, Bauch A, Bennett KL, Superti-Furga G, Israël A, Weil R.; ''Plk1-dependent phosphorylation of optineurin provides a negative feedback mechanism for mitotic progression.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
64. Pines J, Hunter T.; ''Human cyclins A and B1 are differentially located in the cell and undergo cell cycle-dependent nuclear transport.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
65. Graves PR, Lovly CM, Uy GL, Piwnica-Worms H.; ''Localization of human Cdc25C is regulated both by nuclear export and 14-3-3 protein binding.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
66. Coon TA, Glasser JR, Mallampalli RK, Chen BB.; ''Novel E3 ligase component FBXL7 ubiquitinates and degrades Aurora A, causing mitotic arrest.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
67. Sullivan C, Liu Y, Shen J, Curtis A, Newman C, Hock JM, Li X.; ''Novel interactions between FOXM1 and CDC25A regulate the cell cycle.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
68. Laoukili J, Kooistra MR, Brás A, Kauw J, Kerkhoven RM, Morrison A, Clevers H, Medema RH.; ''FoxM1 is required for execution of the mitotic programme and chromosome stability.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
69. Bayliss R, Sardon T, Vernos I, Conti E.; ''Structural basis of Aurora-A activation by TPX2 at the mitotic spindle.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
70. Goda T, Ishii T, Nakajo N, Sagata N, Kobayashi H.; ''The RRASK motif in Xenopus cyclin B2 is required for the substrate recognition of Cdc25C by the cyclin B-Cdc2 complex.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
71. Chen X, Müller GA, Quaas M, Fischer M, Han N, Stutchbury B, Sharrocks AD, Engeland K.; ''The forkhead transcription factor FOXM1 controls cell cycle-dependent gene expression through an atypical chromatin binding mechanism.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
72. Jascur T, Brickner H, Salles-Passador I, Barbier V, El Khissiin A, Smith B, Fotedar R, Fotedar A.; ''Regulation of p21(WAF1/CIP1) stability by WISp39, a Hsp90 binding TPR protein.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
73. Monte M, Benetti R, Collavin L, Marchionni L, Del Sal G, Schneider C.; ''hGTSE-1 expression stimulates cytoplasmic localization of p53.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
74. Draviam VM, Orrechia S, Lowe M, Pardi R, Pines J.; ''The localization of human cyclins B1 and B2 determines CDK1 substrate specificity and neither enzyme requires MEK to disassemble the Golgi apparatus.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
75. Desai D, Wessling HC, Fisher RP, Morgan DO.; ''Effects of phosphorylation by CAK on cyclin binding by CDC2 and CDK2.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
76. Timofeev O, Cizmecioglu O, Settele F, Kempf T, Hoffmann I.; ''Cdc25 phosphatases are required for timely assembly of CDK1-cyclin B at the G2/M transition.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
77. Bellanger S, de Gramont A, Sobczak-Thépot J.; ''Cyclin B2 suppresses mitotic failure and DNA re-replication in human somatic cells knocked down for both cyclins B1 and B2.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
78. Watanabe N, Arai H, Nishihara Y, Taniguchi M, Watanabe N, Hunter T, Osada H.; ''M-phase kinases induce phospho-dependent ubiquitination of somatic Wee1 by SCFbeta-TrCP.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
79. Major ML, Lepe R, Costa RH.; ''Forkhead box M1B transcriptional activity requires binding of Cdk-cyclin complexes for phosphorylation-dependent recruitment of p300/CBP coactivators.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
80. Toyoshima-Morimoto F, Taniguchi E, Nishida E.; ''Plk1 promotes nuclear translocation of human Cdc25C during prophase.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
81. Yang J, Bardes ES, Moore JD, Brennan J, Powers MA, Kornbluth S.; ''Control of cyclin B1 localization through regulated binding of the nuclear export factor CRM1.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
82. Liu XS, Li H, Song B, Liu X.; ''Polo-like kinase 1 phosphorylation of G2 and S-phase-expressed 1 protein is essential for p53 inactivation during G2 checkpoint recovery.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
83. Takizawa CG, Morgan DO.; ''Control of mitosis by changes in the subcellular location of cyclin-B1-Cdk1 and Cdc25C.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
84. Groen AC, Cameron LA, Coughlin M, Miyamoto DT, Mitchison TJ, Ohi R.; ''XRHAMM functions in ran-dependent microtubule nucleation and pole formation during anastral spindle assembly.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
85. Wei SJ, Williams JG, Dang H, Darden TA, Betz BL, Humble MM, Chang FM, Trempus CS, Johnson K, Cannon RE, Tennant RW.; ''Identification of a specific motif of the DSS1 protein required for proteasome interaction and p53 protein degradation.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
86. Hagting A, Jackman M, Simpson K, Pines J.; ''Translocation of cyclin B1 to the nucleus at prophase requires a phosphorylation-dependent nuclear import signal.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
87. Golsteyn RM, Mundt KE, Fry AM, Nigg EA.; ''Cell cycle regulation of the activity and subcellular localization of Plk1, a human protein kinase implicated in mitotic spindle function.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
88. Liu F, Stanton JJ, Wu Z, Piwnica-Worms H.; ''The human Myt1 kinase preferentially phosphorylates Cdc2 on threonine 14 and localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex.''; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia

History

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Compare	Revision	Action	Time	User	Comment
	114706	view	16:18, 25 January 2021	ReactomeTeam	Reactome version 75
	113151	view	11:21, 2 November 2020	ReactomeTeam	Reactome version 74
	112379	view	15:31, 9 October 2020	ReactomeTeam	Reactome version 73
	101750	view	12:30, 5 November 2018	DeSl	Ontology Term : 'G2/M transition pathway' added !
	101749	view	12:29, 5 November 2018	DeSl	Ontology Term : 'G2 phase pathway' added !
	101282	view	11:17, 1 November 2018	ReactomeTeam	reactome version 66
	100819	view	20:47, 31 October 2018	ReactomeTeam	reactome version 65
	100360	view	19:22, 31 October 2018	ReactomeTeam	reactome version 64
	99905	view	16:06, 31 October 2018	ReactomeTeam	reactome version 63
	99461	view	14:38, 31 October 2018	ReactomeTeam	reactome version 62 (2nd attempt)
	94019	view	13:51, 16 August 2017	ReactomeTeam	reactome version 61
	93638	view	11:29, 9 August 2017	ReactomeTeam	reactome version 61
	86753	view	09:25, 11 July 2016	ReactomeTeam	reactome version 56
	83378	view	11:04, 18 November 2015	ReactomeTeam	Version54
	81553	view	13:05, 21 August 2015	ReactomeTeam	Version53
	77022	view	08:32, 17 July 2014	ReactomeTeam	Fixed remaining interactions
	76727	view	12:09, 16 July 2014	ReactomeTeam	Fixed remaining interactions
	75762	view	11:26, 10 June 2014	ReactomeTeam	Reactome 48 Update
	75112	view	14:06, 8 May 2014	Anwesha	Fixing comment source for displaying WikiPathways description
	74759	view	08:50, 30 April 2014	ReactomeTeam	Reactome46
	44913	view	10:36, 6 October 2011	MartijnVanIersel	Ontology Term : 'cell cycle pathway, mitotic' added !
	42077	view	21:55, 4 March 2011	MaintBot	Automatic update
	39885	view	05:54, 21 January 2011	MaintBot	New pathway

External references

DataNodes

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Name	Type	Database reference	Comment
ACTR1A [cytosol]	Protein	P61163 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ADP	Metabolite	CHEBI:16761 (ChEBI)
AKAP9 [cytosol]	Protein	Q99996 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ALMS1 [cytosol]	Protein	Q8TCU4 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ATP	Metabolite	CHEBI:15422 (ChEBI)
AZI1 [cytosol]	Protein	Q9UPN4 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CAK	Complex	REACT_5717 (Reactome)
CCNA1 [nucleoplasm]	Protein	P78396 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CCNA2 [nucleoplasm]	Protein	P20248 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CCNB1 [cytosol]	Protein	P14635 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CCNB1 [nucleoplasm]	Protein	P14635 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CCNB2 [cytosol]	Protein	O95067 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CCNH [nucleoplasm]	Protein	P51946 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CCP110 [cytosol]	Protein	O43303 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDC25B	Protein	P30305 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDC25C	Protein	P30307 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDK1 [cytosol]	Protein	P06493 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDK11p58	Protein	REACT_16059 (Reactome)
CDK1	Protein	P06493 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDK5RAP2 [cytosol]	Protein	Q96SN8 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CDK7 [nucleoplasm]	Protein	P50613 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CENPJ [cytosol]	Protein	Q9HC77 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CEP135 [cytosol]	Protein	Q66GS9 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CEP152 [cytosol]	Protein	O94986 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CEP164 [cytosol]	Protein	Q9UPV0 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CEP192 [cytosol]	Protein	Q8TEP8 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CEP250 [cytosol]	Protein	Q9BV73 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CEP250	Protein	Q9BV73 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CEP290 [cytosol]	Protein	O15078 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CEP41 [cytosol]	Protein	Q9BYV8 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CEP57 [cytosol]	Protein	Q86XR8 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CEP63 [cytosol]	Protein	Q96MT8 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CEP70 [cytosol]	Protein	Q8NHQ1 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CEP72 [cytosol]	Protein	Q9P209 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CEP76 [cytosol]	Protein	Q8TAP6 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CEP78 [cytosol]	Protein	Q5JTW2 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CETN2 [cytosol]	Protein	P41208 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CKAP5 [cytosol]	Protein	Q14008 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CLASP1 [cytosol]	Protein	Q7Z460 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CNTRL [cytosol]	Protein	Q7Z7A1 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CRS kinase		REACT_6373 (Reactome)
CSNK1D [cytosol]	Protein	P48730 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
CSNK1E [cytosol]	Protein	P49674 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Cdc25		REACT_3533 (Reactome)
Cdc25	Protein	REACT_6588 (Reactome)
Cdc25	Protein	REACT_9309 (Reactome)
Centrosome associated Plk1	Complex	REACT_18209 (Reactome)
Centrosomes containing recruited CDK11p58	Complex	REACT_17657 (Reactome)
Cyclin A1:phospho-Cdc2(Thr161)	Complex	REACT_4408 (Reactome)
Cyclin A2:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 161)	Complex	REACT_4651 (Reactome)
Cyclin A:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 14)	Complex	REACT_6613 (Reactome)
Cyclin A:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 14, Thr 161)	Complex	REACT_6673 (Reactome)
Cyclin A:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 161)	Complex	REACT_6644 (Reactome)
Cyclin A:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 161, Thr 14, Tyr 15)	Complex	REACT_6620 (Reactome)
Cyclin A:phospho-Cdk2(Thr160) complex	Complex	REACT_9292 (Reactome)
Cyclin A:phospho-Cdk2(Thr160):E2F1/E2F3 complex	Complex	REACT_9177 (Reactome)
Cyclin A:phospho-Cdk2(Thr160):phospho-E2F1/E2F2 complex	Complex	REACT_9267 (Reactome)
Cyclin B1:phospho-Cdc2 (Thr 14, Thr 161)	Complex	REACT_6474 (Reactome)
Cyclin B1:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 161)	Complex	REACT_3166 (Reactome)
Cyclin B1:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 161, Thr 14, Tyr 15)	Complex	REACT_6566 (Reactome)
Cyclin B1:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 161, Thr 14, Tyr 15)	Complex	REACT_6704 (Reactome)
Cyclin B2:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 14, Thr 161)	Complex	REACT_6445 (Reactome)
Cyclin B2:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 161)	Complex	REACT_4066 (Reactome)
Cyclin B:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 14)	Complex	REACT_6524 (Reactome)
Cyclin A1:Cdk2 phosphorylated G2/M transition protein		REACT_23084 (Reactome)
Cyclin A2:Cdk2 phosphorylated G2/M transition protein		REACT_22726 (Reactome)
Cyclin A:Cdc2	Complex	REACT_6461 (Reactome)
Cyclin A	Protein	REACT_6541 (Reactome)
Cyclin B:Cdc2 complex	Complex	REACT_6447 (Reactome)
Cyclin B	Protein	REACT_6593 (Reactome)
DCTN1-2 [cytosol]	Protein	Q14203-2 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
DCTN2 [cytosol]	Protein	Q13561 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
DCTN3(2-186) [cytosol]	Protein	O75935 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
DYNC1H1 [cytosol]	Protein	Q14204 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
DYNC1I2 [cytosol]	Protein	Q13409 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
DYNLL1 [cytosol]	Protein	P63167 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
E2F1 [nucleoplasm]	Protein	Q01094 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
E2F1/E2F3		REACT_9082 (Reactome)
E2F3 [nucleoplasm]	Protein	O00716 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
FGFR1OP(2-399) [cytosol]	Protein	O95684 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
G2/M transition protein		REACT_2998 (Reactome)
G2/M transition proteins		REACT_22572 (Reactome)
G2/M transition proteins		REACT_23060 (Reactome)
GTP [cytosol]	Metabolite	CHEBI:15996 (ChEBI)
H2O	Metabolite	CHEBI:15377 (ChEBI)
HAUS2 [cytosol]	Protein	Q9NVX0 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
HSP90AA1 [cytosol]	Protein	P07900 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
MAPRE1 [cytosol]	Protein	Q15691 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
MNAT1 [nucleoplasm]	Protein	P51948 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Mature centrosomes enriched in gamma-TURC complexes	Complex	REACT_15605 (Reactome)
NDE1 [cytosol]	Protein	Q9NXR1 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
NEDD1 [cytosol]	Protein	Q8NHV4 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
NEK2 [cytosol]	Protein	P51955 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
NINL [cytosol]	Protein	Q9Y2I6 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
NUMA1	Protein	Q14980 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Nlp-depleted centrosome	Complex	REACT_18075 (Reactome)
NuMA homodimer	Complex	REACT_15940 (Reactome)
NuMA-bound microtubules	Complex	REACT_18043 (Reactome)
ODF2 [cytosol]	Protein	Q5BJF6 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
OFD1 [cytosol]	Protein	O75665 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
OPTN [Golgi membrane]	Protein	Q96CV9 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
OPTN:RAB8A:GTP	Complex	REACT_161318 (Reactome)
PAFAH1B1(2-410) [cytosol]	Protein	P43034 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PCM1 [cytosol]	Protein	Q15154 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PCNT [cytosol]	Protein	O95613 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PKMYT1	Protein	Q99640 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PLK1 [cytosol]	Protein	P53350 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PLK1	Protein	P53350 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PLK4 [cytosol]	Protein	O00444 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PPP1CB [nucleoplasm]	Protein	P62140 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PPP1R12B-4 [nucleoplasm]	Protein	O60237-4 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PPP2R1A(2-589) [cytosol]	Protein	P30153 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PRKACA [cytosol]	Protein	P17612 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
PRKAR2B [cytosol]	Protein	P31323 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
Phospho-Cyclin B1 (CRS):phospho-Cdc2(Thr 161)	Complex	REACT_6578 (Reactome)
Phosphorylated Myosin Phosphatase	Complex	REACT_160462 (Reactome)	All known myosin phosphatases consist of PP1 beta and both a large and a small myosin phosphatase targetting (Mypt) subunit. The large Mypt targets PP1 beta to myosin and determines the substrate specifity of the phosphatase. The Large Mypt subunit is encoded by one of three human genes, PPP1R12A (MYPT1), PPP1R12B (MYPT2) and PPP1R12C. Only MYPT1 is represented here. The small subunit is an alternative transcript of MYPT2. The function of the small Mypt subunit remains unclear, but because it is known to interact directly with myosin and the large Mypt it is thought to have an unspecified regulatory role.
Pi	Metabolite	CHEBI:18367 (ChEBI)
RAB8A [Golgi membrane]	Protein	P61006 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
RAB8A:GTP	Complex	REACT_160437 (Reactome)
SDCCAG8 [cytosol]	Protein	Q86SQ7 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
SFI1 [cytosol]	Protein	A8K8P3 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
SSNA1 [cytosol]	Protein	O43805 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TUBA1A [cytosol]	Protein	Q71U36 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TUBA4A [cytosol]	Protein	P68366 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TUBB [cytosol]	Protein	P07437 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TUBB4A [cytosol]	Protein	P04350 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TUBB4B [cytosol]	Protein	P68371 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TUBG1 [cytosol]	Protein	P23258 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TUBG2 [cytosol]	Protein	Q9NRH3 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TUBGCP2 [cytosol]	Protein	Q9BSJ2 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TUBGCP3 [cytosol]	Protein	Q96CW5 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TUBGCP4 [cytosol]	Protein	Q9UGJ1 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TUBGCP5 [cytosol]	Protein	Q96RT8 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
TUBGCP6 [cytosol]	Protein	Q96RT7 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
WEE1	Protein	P30291 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
XPO1	Protein	O14980 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
YWHAE [cytosol]	Protein	P62258 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
YWHAG(1-247) [cytosol]	Protein	P61981 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
active nuclear Cyclin B1:Cdc2 complexes		REACT_6519 (Reactome)
cNAP-1 depleted centrosome	Complex	REACT_17186 (Reactome)
centrosome containing phosphorylated Nlp	Complex	REACT_17093 (Reactome)
centrosome-associated NuMA	Complex	REACT_15920 (Reactome)
centrosome-nucleated microtubules	Complex	REACT_16122 (Reactome)
centrosome	Complex	REACT_15979 (Reactome)
cytoplasmic Cyclin B1:Cdc2 complexes	Complex	REACT_6372 (Reactome)
gamma-tubulin complex	Complex	REACT_15704 (Reactome)	A current model of the arrangement of subunits within the  TuRC postulates that 6-7 TuSC subcomplexes are held together by  the other Grip proteins, which together form the cap subunits(Reviewed in Wiese and Zheng, 2006).
nuclear Cyclin B1:Cdc2 complexes	Complex	REACT_6641 (Reactome)
nuclear Cyclin B1:Cdc2 substrates		REACT_6526 (Reactome)
nuclear Cyclin B1:phospho-Cdc2 ( Thr 14) complexes	Complex	REACT_6390 (Reactome)
p-4S-CCNB1 [nucleoplasm]	Protein	P14635 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-4S-CCNB1 [cytosol]	Protein	P14635 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)	At the onset of mitosis, Cyclin B1 is phosphorylated in the CRS region. The identity of the kinase(s) responsible for this phosphorylation have not yet been determined with certainty.
p-E2F1 [nucleoplasm]	Protein	Q01094 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-E2F3 [nucleoplasm]	Protein	O00716 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-NINL [cytosol]	Protein	Q9Y2I6 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-NINL	Protein	Q9Y2I6 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-NUMA1 [cytosol]	Protein	Q14980 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-NUMA1	Protein	Q14980 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-PKMYT1	Protein	Q99640 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-S177-OPTN	Protein	Q96CV9 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-S198-CDC25C	Protein	P30307 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-S473-PPP1R12A [nucleoplasm]	Protein	O14974 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-S53-WEE1	Protein	P30291 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-T14,T161-CDK1 [cytosol]	Protein	P06493 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-T14,T161-CDK1 [nucleoplasm]	Protein	P06493 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-T14,Y15,T161-CDK1 [cytosol]	Protein	P06493 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-T14,Y15,T161-CDK1 [nucleoplasm]	Protein	P06493 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-T14-CDK1 [nucleoplasm]	Protein	P06493 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-T14-CDK1 [cytosol]	Protein	P06493 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-T160-CDK2 [nucleoplasm]	Protein	P24941 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-T161-CDK1 [cytosol]	Protein	P06493 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-T161-CDK1 [nucleoplasm]	Protein	P06493 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
p-T161-CDK1:CCNB1	Complex	REACT_6540 (Reactome)
p-T210-PLK1	Protein	P53350 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
phospho-Cdc2(Thr 14):Cyclin A	Complex	REACT_6681 (Reactome)
phospho-Cyclin B1(CRS):phospho-Cdc2 (Thr 161)	Complex	REACT_6646 (Reactome)
phospho-G2/M transition protein		REACT_3843 (Reactome)
phospho-G2/M transition protein		REACT_4658 (Reactome)
phospho-cyclin B1(CRS):phosph-Cdc2(Thr 161)	Complex	REACT_6436 (Reactome)
phosphorylated nuclear Cyclin B1:Cdc2 substrates		REACT_8297 (Reactome)

Annotated Interactions

View all...

Source	Target	Type	Database reference	Comment
	ADP	Arrow	REACT_15386 (Reactome)
	ADP	Arrow	REACT_15543 (Reactome)
	ADP	Arrow	REACT_160293 (Reactome)
	ADP	Arrow	REACT_1627 (Reactome)
	ADP	Arrow	REACT_2119 (Reactome)
	ADP	Arrow	REACT_406 (Reactome)
	ADP	Arrow	REACT_6139 (Reactome)
	ADP	Arrow	REACT_6178 (Reactome)
	ADP	Arrow	REACT_6217 (Reactome)
	ADP	Arrow	REACT_6314 (Reactome)
	ADP	Arrow	REACT_6327 (Reactome)
	ADP	Arrow	REACT_6338 (Reactome)
	ADP	Arrow	REACT_6342 (Reactome)
	ADP	Arrow	REACT_6353 (Reactome)
	ADP	Arrow	REACT_852 (Reactome)
	ADP	Arrow	REACT_9023 (Reactome)
ATP			REACT_15386 (Reactome)
ATP			REACT_15543 (Reactome)
ATP			REACT_160293 (Reactome)
ATP			REACT_1627 (Reactome)
ATP			REACT_2119 (Reactome)
ATP			REACT_406 (Reactome)
ATP			REACT_6139 (Reactome)
ATP			REACT_6178 (Reactome)
ATP			REACT_6217 (Reactome)
ATP			REACT_6314 (Reactome)
ATP			REACT_6327 (Reactome)
ATP			REACT_6338 (Reactome)
ATP			REACT_6342 (Reactome)
ATP			REACT_6353 (Reactome)
ATP			REACT_852 (Reactome)
ATP			REACT_9023 (Reactome)
CAK		mim-catalysis	REACT_6139 (Reactome)
CAK		mim-catalysis	REACT_6314 (Reactome)
	CDC25B	Arrow	REACT_6163 (Reactome)
CDC25B			REACT_6163 (Reactome)
	CDC25C	Arrow	REACT_6279 (Reactome)
CDC25C			REACT_2119 (Reactome)
CDC25C			REACT_6279 (Reactome)
CDK11p58		Arrow	REACT_15470 (Reactome)
CDK11p58			REACT_15401 (Reactome)
CDK1			REACT_6216 (Reactome)
CDK1			REACT_6308 (Reactome)
	CEP250	Arrow	REACT_15313 (Reactome)
CRS kinase		mim-catalysis	REACT_6353 (Reactome)
	Cdc25	Arrow	REACT_6156 (Reactome)
Cdc25			REACT_6156 (Reactome)
Cdc25		mim-catalysis	REACT_6175 (Reactome)
Cdc25		mim-catalysis	REACT_6255 (Reactome)
Cdc25		mim-catalysis	REACT_6257 (Reactome)
Cdc25		mim-catalysis	REACT_6294 (Reactome)
	Centrosome associated Plk1	Arrow	REACT_15470 (Reactome)
	Centrosomes containing recruited CDK11p58	Arrow	REACT_15401 (Reactome)
Cyclin A1:phospho-Cdc2(Thr161)		mim-catalysis	REACT_406 (Reactome)
Cyclin A2:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 161)		mim-catalysis	REACT_1627 (Reactome)
	Cyclin A:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 14)	Arrow	REACT_6276 (Reactome)
Cyclin A:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 14)			REACT_6139 (Reactome)
	Cyclin A:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 14, Thr 161)	Arrow	REACT_6139 (Reactome)
Cyclin A:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 14, Thr 161)			REACT_6327 (Reactome)
	Cyclin A:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 161)	Arrow	REACT_6294 (Reactome)
	Cyclin A:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 161, Thr 14, Tyr 15)	Arrow	REACT_6327 (Reactome)
Cyclin A:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 161, Thr 14, Tyr 15)			REACT_6294 (Reactome)
Cyclin A:phospho-Cdk2(Thr160) complex			REACT_9021 (Reactome)
	Cyclin A:phospho-Cdk2(Thr160):E2F1/E2F3 complex	Arrow	REACT_9021 (Reactome)
Cyclin A:phospho-Cdk2(Thr160):E2F1/E2F3 complex			REACT_9023 (Reactome)
Cyclin A:phospho-Cdk2(Thr160):E2F1/E2F3 complex		mim-catalysis	REACT_9023 (Reactome)
	Cyclin A:phospho-Cdk2(Thr160):phospho-E2F1/E2F2 complex	Arrow	REACT_9023 (Reactome)
	Cyclin B1:phospho-Cdc2 (Thr 14, Thr 161)	Arrow	REACT_6314 (Reactome)
Cyclin B1:phospho-Cdc2 (Thr 14, Thr 161)			REACT_6178 (Reactome)
	Cyclin B1:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 161)	Arrow	REACT_6257 (Reactome)
Cyclin B1:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 161)			REACT_6353 (Reactome)
	Cyclin B1:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 161, Thr 14, Tyr 15)	Arrow	REACT_6178 (Reactome)
	Cyclin B1:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 161, Thr 14, Tyr 15)	Arrow	REACT_6183 (Reactome)
Cyclin B1:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 161, Thr 14, Tyr 15)			REACT_6183 (Reactome)
Cyclin B1:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 161, Thr 14, Tyr 15)			REACT_6255 (Reactome)
Cyclin B1:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 161, Thr 14, Tyr 15)			REACT_6257 (Reactome)
Cyclin B2:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 14, Thr 161)			REACT_6175 (Reactome)
	Cyclin B2:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 161)	Arrow	REACT_6175 (Reactome)
Cyclin B2:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 161)		mim-catalysis	REACT_852 (Reactome)
	Cyclin B:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 14)	Arrow	REACT_6217 (Reactome)
	Cyclin A1:Cdk2 phosphorylated G2/M transition protein	Arrow	REACT_406 (Reactome)
	Cyclin A2:Cdk2 phosphorylated G2/M transition protein	Arrow	REACT_1627 (Reactome)
	Cyclin A:Cdc2	Arrow	REACT_6308 (Reactome)
Cyclin A:Cdc2			REACT_6342 (Reactome)
Cyclin A			REACT_6308 (Reactome)
	Cyclin B:Cdc2 complex	Arrow	REACT_6216 (Reactome)
Cyclin B:Cdc2 complex			REACT_6217 (Reactome)
Cyclin B			REACT_6216 (Reactome)
E2F1/E2F3			REACT_9021 (Reactome)
G2/M transition protein			REACT_852 (Reactome)
G2/M transition proteins			REACT_1627 (Reactome)
G2/M transition proteins			REACT_406 (Reactome)
H2O			REACT_160137 (Reactome)
H2O			REACT_6175 (Reactome)
H2O			REACT_6255 (Reactome)
H2O			REACT_6257 (Reactome)
H2O			REACT_6294 (Reactome)
	Mature centrosomes enriched in gamma-TURC complexes	Arrow	REACT_15467 (Reactome)
NUMA1			REACT_15543 (Reactome)
	Nlp-depleted centrosome	Arrow	REACT_15440 (Reactome)
NuMA homodimer			REACT_15294 (Reactome)
NuMA homodimer			REACT_15444 (Reactome)
	NuMA-bound microtubules	Arrow	REACT_15294 (Reactome)
OPTN:RAB8A:GTP			REACT_160293 (Reactome)
PKMYT1			REACT_414 (Reactome)
PKMYT1		mim-catalysis	REACT_6342 (Reactome)
	PLK1	Arrow	REACT_160137 (Reactome)
PLK1			REACT_15470 (Reactome)
PLK1		mim-catalysis	REACT_15386 (Reactome)
PLK1		mim-catalysis	REACT_1944 (Reactome)
PLK1		mim-catalysis	REACT_2119 (Reactome)
PLK1		mim-catalysis	REACT_414 (Reactome)
	Phospho-Cyclin B1 (CRS):phospho-Cdc2(Thr 161)	Arrow	REACT_6353 (Reactome)
Phosphorylated Myosin Phosphatase		mim-catalysis	REACT_160137 (Reactome)
	Pi	Arrow	REACT_160137 (Reactome)
	Pi	Arrow	REACT_6175 (Reactome)
	Pi	Arrow	REACT_6255 (Reactome)
	Pi	Arrow	REACT_6257 (Reactome)
	Pi	Arrow	REACT_6294 (Reactome)
	RAB8A:GTP	Arrow	REACT_160293 (Reactome)
			REACT_15294 (Reactome)	NuMA can interact with microtubules by direct binding to tubulin. Binding occurs through amino acids 1868-1967 of human NuMA (tail IIA) and appears to play a role in the organization of the spindle poles by stably crosslinking microtubule fibers (Haren and Merdes 2002). While the exact mechanism of microtubule bundling is not known, NuMA has been shown to form large fibrous networks (Saredi et al., 1996; Gueth-Hallonet et al., 1998; Harborth et al., 1999) apparently as a result of dimerization of the NuMA rod domains followed by association of multiple NuMA dimers through their tail domains.
			REACT_15313 (Reactome)	The centrosomal protein C-Nap1 is thought to play an important role in centrosome cohesion during interphase (Fry et al.,1998). At the onset of mitosis, when centrosomes separate to form the bipolar spindle, C-Nap1 dissociates (Mayor et al., 2000). Dissociation of C-Nap1 from mitotic centrosomes appears to be regulated by phosphorylation (Mayor et al. 2002).
			REACT_15386 (Reactome)	Phosphorylation of NlP by Plk1 regulates the interaction of Nlp with both centrosomes and ?-TuRCs (Casenghi et al., 2003).
			REACT_15401 (Reactome)	CDK11p58 is a kinase that is active during mitosis when it associates with centrosomes, and has a crucial role in centrosome maturation and bipolar spindle formation (Petretti et al., 2006). CDK11p58 facilitates microtubule nucleation and is required for the recruitment of Aurora and Plk1 to the centrosome (Petretti et al., 2006).
			REACT_15440 (Reactome)	Mitotic activation of Plk1 is required for efficient displacement of Nlp from the centrosome (Casenghi et al., 2003).
			REACT_15444 (Reactome)	The mechanism by which human NuMA is translocated to the centrosomes has not yet been determined.
			REACT_15467 (Reactome)	Microtubule nucleation at the centrosome is mediated by the gamma tubulin ring complex (gamma TuRC) (reviewed in Raynaud-Messina and Merdes, 2006; Wiese and Zheng, 2006). In humans, this large complex contains the tubulin superfamily member gamma-tubulin, five gamma complex proteins (GCP2-GPC6) and NEDD1/GCP-WD. A current model of the arrangement of subunits within the gamma-TuRC proposes that 6-7 TuSC subcomplexes are held together by the other Grip proteins (at an unknown stoichiometry), which together form the cap subunits. In many animal cells, the recruitment of gamma-tubulin complexes to the centrosome rapidly increases (3–5 fold ) before mitosis  to support the formation of new spindle microtubules (Khodjakov and Rieder 1999).  NEDD1/GCP-WD  plays  an essential role in recruitment of these complexes to the centrosomes (Haren et al., 2006;  Luders et al., 2006) and to the mitotic spindle (Luders et al., 2006). GCP-WD/NEDD1  associates directly with the  gamma-TuRC.  The carboxy-terminal half  binds to the gamma-TuRC whereas the amino-terminal half, corresponding to the WD-repeat domain,  is responsible for its attachment to the centrosome (Haren et al., 2006). Additional centrosomal proteins have also been implicated in the docking of gamma-TuRC to the centrosomes. CG-NAP/AKAP450  and kendrin  are  necessary for the initiation of microtubule nucleation and interact  with GCP2/GCP3 and GCP2, respectively (Takahashi et al., 2002).  Pericentrin  plays an important role in  microtubule organization in mitotic cells and anchors gamma- TuRC through domains that bind GCP2 and GCP3  (Zimmerman  et al. 2004). Ninein localizes to the centriole via its C-terminus and interacts with gamma-tubulin-containing complexes via its N-terminus.
			REACT_15470 (Reactome)	Plk1 is associated with the centrosomes early in mitosis (Golsteyn et al. 1995). Plk1 activity is necessary for the maturation of centrosomes at the G2/M transition and the establishment of a bipolar spindle (Lane and Nigg 1996). Specific inhibitors against Plk1 or silencing of Plk1 produce a monopolar mitotic apparatus (Sumara et al, 2004, van Vugt et al, 2004, McInnes et al, 2006, Peters et al, 2006, Lénárt et al, 2007).
			REACT_15543 (Reactome)	After the initiation of DNA condensation during mitosis, NuMA is phosphorylated by Cdc2 kinase and transported rapidly to the centrosomal region (Hsu and Yeh, 1996). Another phosphorylation event occurs when NuMA associates with the mitotic spindle (Gaglio et al., 1995; Hsu and Yeh, 1996). While p34cdc2/cyclin B-dependent phosphorylation appears to plays an essential role in the targeting of NuMA to the spindle apparatus (Compton and Luo, 1995)(Hsu and Yeh, 1996), there may be additional protein kinases that promote the release of NuMA from the nuclear compartment at nuclear envelope breakdown (Saredi et al., 1997).
			REACT_160137 (Reactome)	The myosin phosphatase complex can dephosphorylate PLK1 threonine residue T210 and inactivate PLK1 (Yamashiro et al. 2008). Myosin phosphatase is activated through phosphorylation of its PPP1R12A (MYPT1) subunit. Several kinases, including CDK1 (Yamashiro et al. 2008) and LATS1 (Chiyoda et al. 2012) have been implicated in myosin phosphatase activation, but the position and temporal order of key PPP1R12A phosphorylations need to be investigated further. Phosphorylated OPTN (optineurin) is able to bind PPP1R12A (MYPT1) and positively regulates PLK1 dephosphorylation by myosin phosphatase, posibly by facilitating PPP1R12A phosphorylation and myosin phosphatase activation (Kachaner et al. 2012).
			REACT_160188 (Reactome)	PLK1 is induced in S phase and can be find in both cytosol and nucleus in S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. PLK1 possesses a bipartite nuclear localization signal (NLS) that enables it to enter the nucleus (Taniguchi et al. 2002).
			REACT_160281 (Reactome)	Phosphorylation of OPTN (optineurin) on serine S177 by PLK1 promotes translocation of OPTN to the nucleus (Kachaner et al. 2012).
			REACT_160293 (Reactome)	Activated PLK1 phosphorylates OPTN (optineurin) on serine residue S177. Phosphorylation at S177 disrupts OPTN binding to Golgi-membrane localized RAB8A (Kachaner et al. 2012).
			REACT_1627 (Reactome)	At the beginning of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'ATP', and 1 molecule of 'G2/M transition protein' are present. At the end of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'ADP', and 1 molecule of 'phospho-G2/M transition protein' are present. This reaction takes place in the 'nucleoplasm' and is mediated by the 'cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity' of 'Cyclin A2:Cdc2'.
			REACT_1944 (Reactome)	*Plk1 is shown to phosphorylate Wee1A, an event that is likely critical for recognition and ubiquitination of Wee1A by SCF and therefore for the subsequent degradation of Wee1A . **Plk1 phosphorylates Wee1A at S53, creating the second phosphodegron, PD53. ** Evidence also exists in budding yeast that the budding yeast polo homolog Cdc5 directly phosphorylates and down-regulate the budding yeast Wee1 ortholog Swe1. Thus, polo kinase-dependent phosphorylation and degradation of Wee1A (or Swe1) is likely conserved throughout evolution and is critical for normal mitotic entry.
			REACT_2119 (Reactome)	It has been shown that Xenopus polo homolog,Plx1, directly phosphorylates and activates Cdc25C, which in turn dephosphoryates and activates Cdc2. This step is critical for the onset of mitosis. Since Plx1-dependent Cdc25C phosphorylation occurs in the absence of Cdc2 activity, it is likely that Plx1 is a triggering kinase, which leads to the activation of Cdc2 and therefore the normal onset of mitosis.
			REACT_406 (Reactome)	At the beginning of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'ATP', and 1 molecule of 'G2/M transition protein' are present. At the end of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'ADP', and 1 molecule of 'phospho-G2/M transition protein' are present. This reaction takes place in the 'nucleoplasm' and is mediated by the 'cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity' of 'Cyclin A1:Cdc2'.
			REACT_414 (Reactome)	At mitotic entry Plk1 phosphorylates and inhibits Myt1 activity. Cyclin B1-bound Cdc2, which is the target of Myt1, functions in a feedback loop and phosphorylates and further inhibits Myt1.
			REACT_6139 (Reactome)	Full activity of most CDKs is dependent on CAK mediated phosphorylation at a conserved residue (Thr 161 in Cdc2). This modification is thought to improve substrate binding. High affinity binding of Cyclin A within the Cyclin A:Cdc2 complex requires this phosphorylation (Desai et al 1995).
			REACT_6156 (Reactome)	The localization of the Cdc25A, B and C proteins is dynamic involving the shuttling of these proteins between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Sequences in these proteins mediate both nuclear export and import (Kallstrom et al., 2005; Lindqvist et al., 2004; Graves et al, 2001; Takizawa and Morgan, 2000).
			REACT_6163 (Reactome)	Cdc25B shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Translocation out of the nucleus involves a nuclear export sequence in the N-terminus of Cdc25B (Lindqvist et al., 2004).
			REACT_6175 (Reactome)	At the beginning of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'Cyclin B2:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 14, Thr 161)', and 1 molecule of 'H2O' are present. At the end of this reaction, 1 molecule of 'Cyclin B2:phospho-Cdc2(Thr 161)', and 1 molecule of 'Orthophosphate' are present. This reaction takes place in the 'cytosol' and is mediated by the 'phosphoprotein phosphatase activity' of 'Cdc25'.
			REACT_6178 (Reactome)	Wee1, a nuclear kinase, phosphorylates cyclin B1:Cdc2 on tyrosine 15 inactivating the complex.
			REACT_6183 (Reactome)	During interphase, cyclin B1 shuttles continuously in and out of the nucleus. The cyclin B cytoplasmic retention sequence (CRS), which is responsible for its interphase cytoplasmic localization, functions as a nuclear export sequence (Yang et al., 1998).
			REACT_6216 (Reactome)	Cyclin dependent kinases are themselves catalytically inactive due to the fact that their active site is blocked by a portion of the Cdk molecule itself. Binding to their corresponding cyclin partner results in conformational change that partially exposes the active site.
			REACT_6217 (Reactome)	Myt1, which localizes preferentially to the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex, phosphorylates Cdc2 on threonine 14 ( Liu et al., 1997).
			REACT_6255 (Reactome)	Following its translocation to the nucleus, Cdc25 dephosphorylates and activates nuclear cyclin B1:Cdc2 complexes (Strausfeld et al., 1991).
			REACT_6257 (Reactome)	Activation of the mitotic cyclin:Cdc2 complexes at mitosis requires the removal of the inhibitory phosphate groups on Cdc2. This dephosphorylation is achieved by the activity of the Cdc25 family of phosphatases. The Cdc25 members, Cdc25A, Cdc25B, and Cdc25C are kept inactive during interphase and are activated at the G2/M transition. Cyclin B1:Cdc2 itself appears to participate in the full activation of Cdc25 in a process that involves an amplication loop (see Wolfe and Gould, 2004). The initial activation of the cyclin B1-Cdc2 complex occurs in the cytoplasm in prophase (Jackman et al., 2003). Cdc25B, which is present at highest concentrations in the cytoplasm at this time, is thought to trigger the activation of cyclin B1-Cdc2 (Lindqvist et al. 2004; Honda et al., 1993). Active cyclin B:Cdc2 then phosphorylates and activates Cdc25C and stabilizes Cdc25A (Strausfeld et al., 1994; Hoffman et al.,1993; Mailand et al, 2002). This creates positive feedback loops that allows Cdc25A and Cdc25C to dephosphorylate and further activate Cdc2.
			REACT_6276 (Reactome)	Cyclin A:Cdc2 complexes translocate to the nucleus in G1 and may associate with condensing chromosomes in prophase (Pines and Hunter 1991).
			REACT_6279 (Reactome)	During interphase, phopshorylated Cdc25C is associated with 14-3-3 proteins preventing nuclear import. At the onset of mitosis, dephosphorylation of Cdc25C and dissociation of 14-3-3 increases the rate of import (see Takizawa and Morgan, 2000)
			REACT_6294 (Reactome)	Activation of the mitotic cyclin:Cdc2 complexes at mitosis requires the removal of the inhibitory phosphate groups on Cdc2. This dephosphorylation is achieved by the activity of the Cdc25 family of phosphatases. The Cdc25 members, Cdc25A, Cdc25B, and Cdc25C are kept inactive during interphase and are activated at the G2/M transition (see Wolfe and Gould 2004)
			REACT_6308 (Reactome)	Cyclin A is synthesized and associates with Cdc2 in G1. Cyclin dependent kinases are themselves catalytically inactive due to the fact that their active sites are blocked by a portion of the CDK molecule itself. Binding to their corresponding cyclin partner results in a conformational change that partially exposes the active site.
			REACT_6314 (Reactome)	Full activity of most CDKs is dependent on CAK mediated phosphorylation at a conserved residue (Thr 161 in Cdc2). This modification is thought to improve substrate binding. Cyclin B:Cdc2 complexes have considerably low activity in the absence of CAK mediated phosphorylation (Desai et al 1995).
			REACT_6327 (Reactome)	The human Wee1 kinase phosphorylates Cdc2 on tyrosine 15 inactivating the cyclin:CDK complex (Watanabe et al., 1995).
			REACT_6338 (Reactome)	A description of the mitotic proteins targeted by the mitotic cyclin:CDK complexes will be covered in a later release.
			REACT_6342 (Reactome)	Myt1, which localizes preferentially to the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex, phosphorylates Cdc2 on threonine 14 ( Liu et al., 1997).
			REACT_6343 (Reactome)	The rapid translocation of cyclin B1:Cdc2 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus at the onset of mitosis is a result of an increase in the rate of import and, likely, a decreased rate of export. The increased rate of nuclear import is dependent upon phosphorylation of the CRS which creates a nuclear import signal in the amino terminus of cyclin B1 (Hagting et al, 1999).
			REACT_6345 (Reactome)	During interphase, cyclin B1:Cdc2 shuttles continuously in and out of the nucleus. Cyclin B1:Cdc2 is transported into the nucleus by an unusual mechanism that requires importin b but not importin a or Ran. Dissociation of the cyclin-B1:Cdc2:importin complex in the nucleus requires ATP and involves other yet unidentified nuclear factors (Takizawa et al.,1991).
			REACT_6353 (Reactome)	At the onset of mitosis, cyclin B is phosphorylated in the CRS sequence which creates a nuclear import signal in the amino terminus. The kinase(s) responsible for this phosphorylation are not yet known (Hagting et al., 1999).
			REACT_852 (Reactome)	Substrate specificity of cyclin B:Cdk1 complexes is primarily conferred by their subcellular localization (Draviam et al., 2001). Cyclin B1 is primarily cytoplasmic but shuttles continuously between the nucleus and the cytoplasm during interphase (Hagting et al. 1998 Down; Toyoshima et al. 1998 Down; Yang et al. 1998 Down). At the end of prophase, it abruptly translocates into the nucleus (Furuno et al. 1999 Down; Hagting et al. 1999 Down) and then associates with mitotic apparatus (Pines and Hunter 1991 Down; Hagting et al. 1998 Down; Clute and Pines 1999 Down). Cyclin B2 is primarily associated with the Golgi apparatus during interphase and mitosis (Jackman et al. 1995 Down; Brandeis et al. 1998 Down). Cyclin B1–CDK1 promotes chromosome condensation, reorganization microtubule reorgnization, and disassembly of the nuclear lamina and the Golgi apparatus. Cyclin B2–CDK1 functions in disassembly of the Golgi apparatus (Draviam et al., 2001).
			REACT_9021 (Reactome)	In G2, the cyclin A:Cdk2 complex associates with E2F1 and E2F3.
			REACT_9023 (Reactome)	In G2 Cdk2, in association with cyclin A, phosphorylates E2F1 and E2F3 resulting in the inactivation and possibly degradation of these two transcription factors (Dynlacht et al., 1994; Krek et al., 1994).
WEE1			REACT_1944 (Reactome)
WEE1		mim-catalysis	REACT_6178 (Reactome)
WEE1		mim-catalysis	REACT_6327 (Reactome)
XPO1		Arrow	REACT_6183 (Reactome)
active nuclear Cyclin B1:Cdc2 complexes		mim-catalysis	REACT_6338 (Reactome)
	cNAP-1 depleted centrosome	Arrow	REACT_15313 (Reactome)
	centrosome containing phosphorylated Nlp	Arrow	REACT_15386 (Reactome)
centrosome containing phosphorylated Nlp			REACT_15440 (Reactome)
	centrosome-associated NuMA	Arrow	REACT_15444 (Reactome)
centrosome-nucleated microtubules			REACT_15294 (Reactome)
centrosome-nucleated microtubules			REACT_15444 (Reactome)
centrosome			REACT_15313 (Reactome)
centrosome			REACT_15386 (Reactome)
centrosome			REACT_15401 (Reactome)
centrosome			REACT_15467 (Reactome)
centrosome			REACT_15470 (Reactome)
cytoplasmic Cyclin B1:Cdc2 complexes			REACT_6345 (Reactome)
gamma-tubulin complex			REACT_15467 (Reactome)
	nuclear Cyclin B1:Cdc2 complexes	Arrow	REACT_6345 (Reactome)
nuclear Cyclin B1:Cdc2 substrates			REACT_6338 (Reactome)
nuclear Cyclin B1:phospho-Cdc2 ( Thr 14) complexes			REACT_6314 (Reactome)
	p-NINL	Arrow	REACT_15440 (Reactome)
	p-NUMA1	Arrow	REACT_15543 (Reactome)
	p-PKMYT1	Arrow	REACT_414 (Reactome)
p-S177-OPTN		Arrow	REACT_160137 (Reactome)
	p-S177-OPTN	Arrow	REACT_160281 (Reactome)
	p-S177-OPTN	Arrow	REACT_160293 (Reactome)
p-S177-OPTN			REACT_160281 (Reactome)
	p-S198-CDC25C	Arrow	REACT_2119 (Reactome)
	p-S53-WEE1	Arrow	REACT_1944 (Reactome)
	p-T161-CDK1:CCNB1	Arrow	REACT_6255 (Reactome)
p-T161-CDK1:CCNB1		mim-catalysis	REACT_15543 (Reactome)
	p-T210-PLK1	Arrow	REACT_160188 (Reactome)
p-T210-PLK1			REACT_160137 (Reactome)
p-T210-PLK1			REACT_160188 (Reactome)
p-T210-PLK1		mim-catalysis	REACT_160293 (Reactome)
	phospho-Cdc2(Thr 14):Cyclin A	Arrow	REACT_6342 (Reactome)
phospho-Cdc2(Thr 14):Cyclin A			REACT_6276 (Reactome)
	phospho-Cyclin B1(CRS):phospho-Cdc2 (Thr 161)	Arrow	REACT_6343 (Reactome)
	phospho-G2/M transition protein	Arrow	REACT_1627 (Reactome)
	phospho-G2/M transition protein	Arrow	REACT_852 (Reactome)
phospho-cyclin B1(CRS):phosph-Cdc2(Thr 161)			REACT_6343 (Reactome)
	phosphorylated nuclear Cyclin B1:Cdc2 substrates	Arrow	REACT_6338 (Reactome)