Hormonal control of pubertal growth spurt (Homo sapiens)

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2, 3Hypothalamus+ effectGrowth plateIGF-1GnRHGRHSRIFGHFSHLHEstrogensIGF-1AutocrineParacrinePituitaryCirculationBone+ effect+ effect+ effect+ effect+ effect+ effect+ effect+ effect+ effect- effect? effect


Description

This pathway shows the regulation and action of the GH-IGF-1 axis. Chondrogenesis in the growth plate is the biological process that drives height gain. The Growth hormone (GH)–insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) axis is one of many regulatory systems that control chondrogenesis. Other hormones (estrogens, androgens), paracrine factors, extracellular matrix molecules and intracellular proteins regulate the activity of growth plate chondrocytes as well. Estrogen is critical for epiphyseal fusion in both young women, as well as men. This pathway describes how the growth plate lengthens until the epypheseal plate closure occurs. GH is released by the anterior pituitary gland due to the GRH. This activates IGF-1 in muscles and bones, and promotes lengthening of the growth plate. Also, GnRH in the hypothalamus stimulates LH and FSH in the anterior pituitary which stimulate gonads to produce sex hormones, such as estrogen.

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Bibliography

  1. Brown RM; ''An introduction to Neuroendocrinology''; Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-42665-0, 1994
  2. Saenger P; ''Dose effects of growth hormone during puberty.''; Horm Res, 2003 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia

History

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CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
124538view12:58, 7 November 2022Marvin M2Label of somatostatin corrected
124537view12:53, 7 November 2022Marvin M2Corrected GH and GHRH identifier annotation
124526view12:57, 4 November 2022Marvin M2Changed NCBI protein database to Entrez Gene
119287view10:54, 23 June 2021FinterlyAdded ISBN for book citation
116524view11:06, 7 May 2021EweitzModified title
101856view14:50, 14 November 2018DeSlOntology Term : 'insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway' added !
101855view14:49, 14 November 2018DeSlModified description
95576view14:51, 2 January 2018DeSlOntology Term : 'growth factor signaling pathway' added !
95575view14:50, 2 January 2018DeSlOntology Term : 'growth hormone secreting pituitary adenoma' added !
95574view14:49, 2 January 2018DeSl
95573view14:48, 2 January 2018DeSlAdded missing identifier
95572view14:46, 2 January 2018DeSlModified description
95571view14:40, 2 January 2018DeSlNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

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NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
EstrogensMetaboliteCHEBI:50114 (ChEBI)
FSHGeneProduct449322 (NCBI Protein)
GHGeneProduct2688 (NCBI Protein)
GRHGeneProduct2796 (Entrez Gene)
GnRHGeneProduct2796 (Entrez Gene)
IGF-1GeneProduct3479 (NCBI Protein)
LHGeneProduct3972 (NCBI Protein)
SRIFGeneProduct6750 (Entrez Gene)

Annotated Interactions

No annotated interactions

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