HLA-C allotypes interactions with KIR on dNK cells (Homo sapiens)
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Description
In decidual NK (dNK) cells, killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) interact with HLA-C allotypes on extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells to modulate immune responses at the maternal–fetal interface. Inhibitory KIRs transmit signals through immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs), which recruit SHP-1 and SHP-2 phosphatases to suppress activation pathways. Conversely, activating KIRs signal via the adaptor protein DAP12, whose ITAM motifs recruit SYK kinase, leading to downstream activation of LAT, SLP-76, VAV1, PLC-γ1, and NF-κB. This cascade promotes cytokine production and functional activation of dNK cells.
Additionally, KIR signaling has been linked to repeated pregnancy loss (RPL), suggesting coordination between immune signaling and placental development mediated by dNK cells.
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History
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External references
DataNodes
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Name | Type | Database reference | Comment |
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CD34(+) |
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DAG | Protein | P17252 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | |
DAP12 | Protein | O43914 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | Contains immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) |
EVT cell |
| ||
FYN | Protein | P06241 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | |
GM-CSF | Protein | P04141 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() |
|
HLA-C | Protein | P10321 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | |
IFN-γ | Protein | P01579 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() |
|
IP3 | Protein | Q14643 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | |
KIR2DL1 | Protein | P43626 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | Cytoplasmic tail contains ITIM motif |
KIR2DL2 | Protein | P43627 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | |
KIR2DL3 | Protein | P43628 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | |
KIR2DS1 | Protein | Q14954 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | |
LAT | Protein | O43561 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | |
MAPK Pathway | Pathway | WP769 (WikiPathways) ![]() | |
NF-kb | Pathway | WP4562 (WikiPathways) ![]() | |
NK-precursor cell |
| ||
PBNK cell |
| ||
PI3K-Akt Pathway | Pathway | WP4172 (WikiPathways) ![]() | |
PKC | Protein | Q04759 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | |
PLC-γ1 | Protein | P19174 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | |
RAC1 | Protein | P63000 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | |
SHP-1 | Protein | P29350 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | |
SHP-2 | Protein | P17706 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | |
SLP-76 | Protein | Q13094 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | |
Syk | Protein | P43405 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | |
TNF-alpha signaling | Pathway | WP231 (WikiPathways) ![]() | This pathway details the signaling events initiated by TNF-α, including activation of NF-κB, apoptosis, and inflammatory gene expression. While it is not trophoblast-specific, the pathway covers the core mechanisms by which TNF-α regulates immune responses and cell behavior, which are directly relevant to its roles in immune regulation and inhibition of trophoblast invasion. |
TNF-α | Protein | P01375 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() |
|
Type II interferon signaling | Pathway | WP619 (WikiPathways) ![]() | The canonical IFN-γ signaling pathway, including JAK/STAT activation and downstream gene regulation. While it does not specifically mention trophoblasts, it shows how IFN-γ can induce gene expression changes leading to apoptosis and immune modulation. |
VAV1 | Protein | P15498 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) ![]() | |
VEGF-A | Pathway | WP3888 (WikiPathways) ![]() | Supports trophoblast growth and vascular remodeling |
VEGFA-VEGFR2 Pathway | Pathway | WP3888 (WikiPathways) ![]() | This pathway is critical for EVT function and spiral artery remodeling, and its disruption is linked to pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia and recurrent pregnancy loss |
dNK cell |
| ||
eNK cell |
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uNK cell |
|
Annotated Interactions
No annotated interactions