Diet-induced obesity inflammation-induced microvascular insulin resistance (Rattus norvegicus)

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41-3negative effectHigh-fat diet (HFD)After 3 daysactivationROSinsuline uptake (-)AKTAT II (+)Hyperglycemmiahyperinsulinemiahypercoagulationplatelet activationInflammation PWstressCytokinase (K-1)NO (-)Vasoconstrictionoxidative stressTF (+)InflammationDiabetes Mellitus (type 2)CAMS (KAM-1)TLRsTNFalphaChemokinase (MCP-1)VSMC growthRAGEendothelial dysfunctionNFkB (+)eNOS (-)ThrombosisInsuline resistanceorgan dysfunctioninsuline resistence (+)free fatty acids (tryglycerides)AP-1 (+)ET 1 (+)Protein Kinase CPA 1 (+)symapatic nervous systemInsulinSalicylate treatmentPeripheral resistance (+)HypertensionRAGE PWJNKNO (-)HypertensionVasodilation (-)CAMS (KAM-1) (+)AKTInflammation


Description

Endothelial dysfunction and vascular insulin resistance usually coexist and chronic inflammation engenders both. Salicylate treatment fully inhibited vascular inflammation, prevented microvascular insulin resistance and significantly improved muscle metabolic responses to insulin. Insulin resistance and inflammation play an essential role in the process of microvascular insuline resistance. This study was performed on rats; a (+) or (-) indicates a change in regulation, due to high fat diet induced diabetes mellitus.

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Bibliography

  1. Zhao L, Fu Z, Wu J, Aylor KW, Barrett EJ, Cao W, Liu Z; ''Inflammation-induced microvascular insulin resistance is an early event in diet-induced obesity.''; Clin Sci (Lond), 2015 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  2. Jonk AM, Houben AJ, de Jongh RT, Serné EH, Schaper NC, Stehouwer CD; ''Microvascular dysfunction in obesity: a potential mechanism in the pathogenesis of obesity-associated insulin resistance and hypertension.''; Physiology (Bethesda), 2007 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  3. Muris DM, Houben AJ, Schram MT, Stehouwer CD; ''Microvascular dysfunction: an emerging pathway in the pathogenesis of obesity-related insulin resistance.''; Rev Endocr Metab Disord, 2013 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  4. Houben AJHM, Martens RJH, Stehouwer CDA; ''Assessing Microvascular Function in Humans from a Chronic Disease Perspective.''; J Am Soc Nephrol, 2017 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia

History

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CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
123555view17:57, 3 August 2022EgonwMade two pathways clickable
109371view14:49, 16 March 2020L DupuisConnected lines
94982view07:38, 23 October 2017DeSlchanged misspelled node.
94981view07:37, 23 October 2017DeSlModified description
94980view07:33, 23 October 2017DeSlChanged color of box.
94979view07:32, 23 October 2017DeSlAdded lit. references for part on the right.
94963view12:32, 20 October 2017DeSlAdded wikidata as database source where applicable
94962view12:29, 20 October 2017DeSlAdded salicylate treatment node
94961view12:26, 20 October 2017DeSlModified description
94960view12:20, 20 October 2017DeSlNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

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NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
AKTGeneProductQ24371776 (Wikidata) AKT serine/threonine kinase 1
AP-1 (+)GeneProductQ24383897 (Wikidata) Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1
AT II (+)ProteinQ28560159 (Wikidata) Angiotensin II receptor, type 2
CAMS (KAM-1)
CAMS (KAM-1) (+)
Chemokinase (MCP-1)
Cytokinase (K-1)
Diabetes Mellitus (type 2)125853 (OMIM) DISEASE
ET 1 (+)GeneProductQ24406343 (Wikidata) Et1= endothelin 1
Hyperglycemmia6234 (Other) Database=http://www.diseasesdatabase.com/ddb6234.htm
Hypertension
Inflammation
Inflammation PWPathwayWP40 (WikiPathways)
InsulinMetaboliteQ39798 (Wikidata)
Insuline resistance
JNKGeneProductQ24408169 (Wikidata)
NFkB (+)ProteinG8ZCS7 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
NO (-)MetaboliteQ207843 (Wikidata) nitric oxide
PA 1 (+)GeneProductQ24395829 (Wikidata) Paxip1-associated glutamate-rich protein 1
Peripheral resistance (+)
Protein Kinase CProtein2.7.11.13 (Enzyme Nomenclature)
RAGE PWPathwayWP2324 (WikiPathways)
RAGEProtein177 (Entrez Gene)
ROSMetaboliteQ424361 (Wikidata)
Salicylate treatmentMetaboliteQ27104145 (Wikidata)
TF (+)GeneProductQ24370087 (Wikidata) Transferrin
TLRsProteinQ408004 (Wikidata) Toll-like receptors
TNFalphaProtein24835 (Entrez Gene) Tumor necrosis factor alpha
Thrombosis188055 (OMIM) DISEASE
VSMC growth
Vasoconstriction
Vasodilation (-)Symptom
eNOS (-)ProteinQ24382816 (Wikidata) nitric oxide synthase 3
endothelial dysfunction
free fatty acids (tryglycerides)MetaboliteCHEBI:35366 (ChEBI)
hypercoagulation
hyperinsulinemiaSymptom
insuline resistence (+)
insuline uptake (-)
organ dysfunction
oxidative stressPathwayWP173 (WikiPathways)
platelet activation
stress
symapatic nervous system

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