Metapathway biotransformation Phase I and II (Homo sapiens)

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1GlucuronidationAcetylationSulfationFlavin monooxygenasesAldo-keto reductasesGlutathione reductaseGlucuronosyltransferasesGlutathione peroxidasesAmino acid acyl transferasesElectrophilesGlutathione synthetaseMethylationGlutathione transferasesN-acetyltransferasesOxidationMethyltransferasesAmino acid conjugationNucleophilesSulfotransferasesReductionHydrolysisCytochrome P450Glutathione conjugationEpoxide hydrolasesNDST3Aldo-keto reductaseCYP2R1UGT2A3MGST3HS2ST1GLYATL2CHST7CYP24A1SULT1C1GAL3ST1CHST14NAT1CHST13NAT6GlucuronosyltransferaseFMO3FMO5GSTA5Substrate-SO3HUGT2A2SULT1C2CYP7A1TPMTGAL3ST4SULT4A1CYP8B1CYP2C9HS3ST1SULT1C3Substrate-CH3CYP3A5UGT1A1UGT2A1CYP2C8Substrate-AcUGT2B15NAT10Substrate=OCYP46A1GSTZ1GSTT2CYP4Z1CYP4F8GSTCDNAT12CYP2A6CYP11B2CYP2W1GSTP1UGT1A9CYP2F1CYP26C1KCNAB1NDST2GSTM5CHST3FMO2UGT1A3GSTM3CYP3A43UGT2B4Flavin monooxygenaseUGT1A6HS6ST2CYP4F22GSTK1GAL3ST2HS3ST3A1UGT1A4NAT13CYP2A7CYP1A1GSTM2CYP4F11CYP4X1HS6ST1NNMTAKR1C1CYP4V2EPHX1GPX5CYP11B1Substrate-AaHNMTGAL3ST3CYP11A1CHST4CYP2J2CYP4F2CYP17A1NDST4GSSCYP2C19CYP27B1CYP4B1MGST1SULT2A1COMTNDST1AKR7A2CYP2U1HS3ST5SULT6B1FMO4CHST5GSTO2SULT1C4UGT2B11NAT2CYP20A1N-acetyltransferaseCHST8CHST11Substrate-SGCHST6CYP51A1SULT1B1Substrate-OHGSTM4NAT8LGSRGPX1AKR1C3GPX2GSTT2BCYP3A7GPX3Substrate-NH2AKR1B10Amino acid acyltransferaseFMO1CYP39A1CYP2B6UGT2B17SULT1E1SULT2B1CHST9GPX4AKR7A3NAT8GSTO1GSTM1BAATCYP450AKR1B1CHST1CYP2D6CYP4F12UGT1A8CYP1B1CYP19A1SULT1A3NAT9AKR1C4Xenobiotic substrateCHST12CYP2E1CYP2A13NAT11Glutathione transferaseUGT2B7AKR1A1CYP2S1CYP27C1UGT1A7GSTT1CYP4F3SULT1A4SULT1A1MethyltransferaseUGT2B28KCNAB3SulfotransferaseGSTA1NAT5HS6ST3HS3ST3B1GLYATGLYATL1CYP26B1KCNAB2AKR1C2HS3ST2GSTA3NAT14INMTUGT1A5HS3ST4CYP26A1CYP7B1Substrate-SHEPHX2Substrate-O-RCYP2C18AKR1D1CYP27A1CYP3A4HS3ST6UGT1A10GSTA2Substrate-GlCHST10MGST2CHST2GSTA4CYP1A2CYP21A2SULT1A2


Description

Biotransformation is the chemical modification (or modifications) made by an organism on a chemical compound. If this modification ends in mineral compounds like CO2, NH4+, or H2O, the biotransformation is called mineralisation. Biotransformation means chemical alteration of chemicals such as nutrients, amino acids, toxins, and drugs in the body. It is also needed to render non-polar compounds polar so that they are not reabsorbed in renal tubules and are excreted. Biotransformation of xenobiotics can dominate toxicokinetics and the metabolites may reach higher concentrations in organisms than their parent compounds. [1]

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Quality Tags

Ontology Terms

 

Bibliography

  1. Oppermann UC, Maser E; ''Molecular and structural aspects of xenobiotic carbonyl metabolizing enzymes. Role of reductases and dehydrogenases in xenobiotic phase I reactions.''; Toxicology, 2000 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia

History

View all...
CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
127768view11:08, 3 December 2023EgonwRemoved a weird char from an Pfam identifier
106643view21:04, 12 September 2019KhanspersModified description
105646view05:10, 10 August 2019KhanspersModified description
102200view07:26, 9 December 2018EgonwMmm... only the ENSG00000277656 link works.
102197view06:56, 9 December 2018EgonwUndo revision 102196 by [[Special:Contributions/Egonw|Egonw]] ([[User talk:Egonw|Talk]])
102196view06:55, 9 December 2018EgonwMapable ID.
102195view06:54, 9 December 2018EgonwReplaced an outdated Ensembl identifiers with the new one.
98553view18:18, 16 September 2018AlexanderPicoupdated outdated ensembl
96892view13:47, 18 April 2018FehrhartAdded annotations for CYP450
96046view16:07, 15 February 2018DeSlModified description
96045view16:06, 15 February 2018DeSlOntology Term : 'phase II biotransformation pathway' added !
96044view16:06, 15 February 2018DeSlOntology Term : 'phase I biotransformation pathway via cytochrome P450' added !
96043view16:05, 15 February 2018DeSlModified title
96042view16:03, 15 February 2018DeSlModified title
96041view16:03, 15 February 2018DeSlAdded lit. ref
73516view23:21, 29 January 2014KhanspersModified title
68908view17:30, 8 July 2013MaintBotUpdated to 2013 gpml schema
67458view11:04, 26 June 2013DdiglesOntology Term : 'cellular detoxification pathway' added !
59107view22:20, 21 February 2013MaintBotUpdated Ensembl and UniProt data source
44905view10:25, 6 October 2011MartijnVanIerselOntology Term : 'phase I biotransformation pathway' added !
41055view23:17, 1 March 2011MaintBotRemoved redundant pathway information and comments
34448view18:21, 10 December 2009MaintBotAutomatic update of empty xrefs
33415view14:50, 30 November 2009MaintBotRemoved group label
33182view17:47, 5 November 2009KhanspersModified categories
29945view16:15, 14 June 2009Pieter GiesbertzSpecify description
29944view16:09, 14 June 2009Pieter Giesbertzminor changes
29942view12:30, 14 June 2009Pieter GiesbertzAdded aa acyltransferase genes
29941view12:17, 14 June 2009Pieter GiesbertzSpecify description
29940view12:03, 14 June 2009Pieter GiesbertzSpecify description
29939view19:30, 13 June 2009Pieter GiesbertzAdded biotransformation genes
29938view19:21, 13 June 2009Pieter GiesbertzSpecify description
29937view19:20, 13 June 2009Pieter GiesbertzSpecify description
29936view19:06, 13 June 2009Pieter GiesbertzSpecify description
29935view19:05, 13 June 2009Pieter GiesbertzSpecify description
29934view18:42, 13 June 2009Pieter GiesbertzSpecify description
29931view18:41, 13 June 2009Pieter GiesbertzSpecify description
29930view18:36, 13 June 2009Pieter GiesbertzSpecify description
29929view18:07, 13 June 2009Pieter GiesbertzSpecify description
29928view18:02, 13 June 2009Pieter GiesbertzAdded CYPs
29927view17:58, 13 June 2009Pieter GiesbertzSpecify description
29926view17:47, 13 June 2009Pieter GiesbertzSpecify description
29925view17:43, 13 June 2009Pieter GiesbertzSpecify description
29357view10:05, 29 April 2009Pieter GiesbertzSpecify description
29356view10:05, 29 April 2009Pieter GiesbertzSpecify description
29355view10:03, 29 April 2009Pieter GiesbertzAdded methyltransferases
29340view13:42, 27 April 2009Pieter GiesbertzAdded coloured association pathway
29324view08:23, 24 April 2009Pieter GiesbertzNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

View all...
NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
AKR1A1GeneProductENSG00000117448 (Ensembl)
AKR1B10GeneProductENSG00000198074 (Ensembl)
AKR1B1GeneProductENSG00000085662 (Ensembl)
AKR1C1GeneProductENSG00000187134 (Ensembl)
AKR1C2GeneProductENSG00000151632 (Ensembl)
AKR1C3GeneProductENSG00000196139 (Ensembl)
AKR1C4GeneProductENSG00000198610 (Ensembl)
AKR1D1GeneProductENSG00000122787 (Ensembl)
AKR7A2GeneProductENSG00000053371 (Ensembl)
AKR7A3GeneProductENSG00000162482 (Ensembl)
Aldo-keto reductaseGeneProduct
Amino acid acyltransferaseGeneProduct
BAATGeneProductENSG00000136881 (Ensembl)
CHST10GeneProductENSG00000115526 (Ensembl)
CHST11GeneProductENSG00000171310 (Ensembl)
CHST12GeneProductENSG00000136213 (Ensembl)
CHST13GeneProductENSG00000180767 (Ensembl)
CHST14GeneProduct113189 (Entrez Gene)
CHST1GeneProductENSG00000175264 (Ensembl)
CHST2GeneProductENSG00000175040 (Ensembl)
CHST3GeneProductENSG00000122863 (Ensembl)
CHST4GeneProductENSG00000140835 (Ensembl)
CHST5GeneProductENSG00000135702 (Ensembl)
CHST6GeneProductENSG00000183196 (Ensembl)
CHST7GeneProductENSG00000147119 (Ensembl)
CHST8GeneProductENSG00000124302 (Ensembl)
CHST9GeneProduct83539 (Entrez Gene)
COMTGeneProductENSG00000093010 (Ensembl)
CYP11A1GeneProductENSG00000140459 (Ensembl)
CYP11B1GeneProductENSG00000160882 (Ensembl)
CYP11B2GeneProductENSG00000179142 (Ensembl)
CYP17A1GeneProductENSG00000148795 (Ensembl)
CYP19A1GeneProductENSG00000137869 (Ensembl)
CYP1A1GeneProductENSG00000140465 (Ensembl)
CYP1A2GeneProductENSG00000140505 (Ensembl)
CYP1B1GeneProductENSG00000138061 (Ensembl)
CYP20A1GeneProductENSG00000119004 (Ensembl)
CYP21A2GeneProduct1589 (Entrez Gene)
CYP24A1GeneProductENSG00000019186 (Ensembl)
CYP26A1GeneProductENSG00000095596 (Ensembl)
CYP26B1GeneProductENSG00000003137 (Ensembl)
CYP26C1GeneProductENSG00000187553 (Ensembl)
CYP27A1GeneProductENSG00000135929 (Ensembl)
CYP27B1GeneProductENSG00000111012 (Ensembl)
CYP27C1GeneProductENSG00000186684 (Ensembl)
CYP2A13GeneProductENSG00000197838 (Ensembl)
CYP2A6GeneProductENSG00000255974 (Ensembl)
CYP2A7GeneProductENSG00000198077 (Ensembl)
CYP2B6GeneProductENSG00000197408 (Ensembl)
CYP2C18GeneProductENSG00000108242 (Ensembl)
CYP2C19GeneProductENSG00000165841 (Ensembl)
CYP2C8GeneProductENSG00000138115 (Ensembl)
CYP2C9GeneProductENSG00000138109 (Ensembl)
CYP2D6GeneProductENSG00000100197 (Ensembl)
CYP2E1GeneProductENSG00000130649 (Ensembl)
CYP2F1GeneProductENSG00000197446 (Ensembl)
CYP2J2GeneProductENSG00000134716 (Ensembl)
CYP2R1GeneProductENSG00000186104 (Ensembl)
CYP2S1GeneProductENSG00000167600 (Ensembl)
CYP2U1GeneProductENSG00000155016 (Ensembl)
CYP2W1GeneProductENSG00000073067 (Ensembl)
CYP39A1GeneProductENSG00000146233 (Ensembl)
CYP3A43GeneProductENSG00000021461 (Ensembl)
CYP3A4GeneProductENSG00000160868 (Ensembl)
CYP3A5GeneProductENSG00000106258 (Ensembl)
CYP3A7GeneProductENSG00000160870 (Ensembl)
CYP450GeneProductPF00067 (Pfam) Protein family
CYP46A1GeneProductENSG00000036530 (Ensembl)
CYP4B1GeneProductENSG00000142973 (Ensembl)
CYP4F11GeneProductENSG00000171903 (Ensembl)
CYP4F12GeneProductENSG00000186204 (Ensembl)
CYP4F22GeneProductENSG00000171954 (Ensembl)
CYP4F2GeneProductENSG00000186115 (Ensembl)
CYP4F3GeneProductENSG00000186529 (Ensembl)
CYP4F8GeneProductENSG00000186526 (Ensembl)
CYP4V2GeneProductENSG00000145476 (Ensembl)
CYP4X1GeneProductENSG00000186377 (Ensembl)
CYP4Z1GeneProductENSG00000186160 (Ensembl)
CYP51A1GeneProductENSG00000001630 (Ensembl)
CYP7A1GeneProductENSG00000167910 (Ensembl)
CYP7B1GeneProductENSG00000172817 (Ensembl)
CYP8B1GeneProductENSG00000180432 (Ensembl)
EPHX1GeneProductENSG00000143819 (Ensembl)
EPHX2GeneProductENSG00000120915 (Ensembl)
FMO1GeneProductENSG00000010932 (Ensembl)
FMO2GeneProductENSG00000094963 (Ensembl)
FMO3GeneProductENSG00000007933 (Ensembl)
FMO4GeneProductENSG00000076258 (Ensembl)
FMO5GeneProductENSG00000131781 (Ensembl)
Flavin monooxygenaseGeneProduct
GAL3ST1GeneProductENSG00000128242 (Ensembl)
GAL3ST2GeneProductENSG00000154252 (Ensembl)
GAL3ST3GeneProductENSG00000175229 (Ensembl)
GAL3ST4GeneProductENSG00000197093 (Ensembl)
GLYATGeneProductENSG00000149124 (Ensembl)
GLYATL1GeneProductENSG00000166840 (Ensembl)
GLYATL2GeneProductENSG00000156689 (Ensembl)
GPX1GeneProductENSG00000197582 (Ensembl)
GPX2GeneProductENSG00000176153 (Ensembl)
GPX3GeneProductENSG00000211445 (Ensembl)
GPX4GeneProductENSG00000167468 (Ensembl)
GPX5GeneProductENSG00000224586 (Ensembl)
GSRGeneProductENSG00000104687 (Ensembl)
GSSGeneProductENSG00000100983 (Ensembl)
GSTA1GeneProductENSG00000243955 (Ensembl)
GSTA2GeneProductENSG00000244067 (Ensembl)
GSTA3GeneProductENSG00000174156 (Ensembl)
GSTA4GeneProductENSG00000170899 (Ensembl)
GSTA5GeneProductENSG00000182793 (Ensembl)
GSTCDGeneProductENSG00000138780 (Ensembl)
GSTK1GeneProductENSG00000197448 (Ensembl)
GSTM1GeneProductENSG00000134184 (Ensembl)
GSTM2GeneProductENSG00000213366 (Ensembl)
GSTM3GeneProductENSG00000134202 (Ensembl)
GSTM4GeneProductENSG00000168765 (Ensembl)
GSTM5GeneProductENSG00000134201 (Ensembl)
GSTO1GeneProductENSG00000148834 (Ensembl)
GSTO2GeneProductENSG00000065621 (Ensembl)
GSTP1GeneProductENSG00000084207 (Ensembl)
GSTT1GeneProductENSG00000184674 (Ensembl)
GSTT2BGeneProductENSG00000133433 (Ensembl)
GSTT2GeneProductENSG00000099984 (Ensembl)
GSTZ1GeneProductENSG00000100577 (Ensembl)
GlucuronosyltransferaseGeneProduct
Glutathione transferaseGeneProductPF00043 (Pfam)
HNMTGeneProductENSG00000150540 (Ensembl)
HS2ST1GeneProductENSG00000153936 (Ensembl)
HS3ST1GeneProductENSG00000002587 (Ensembl)
HS3ST2GeneProductENSG00000122254 (Ensembl)
HS3ST3A1GeneProductENSG00000153976 (Ensembl)
HS3ST3B1GeneProductENSG00000125430 (Ensembl)
HS3ST4GeneProductENSG00000182601 (Ensembl)
HS3ST5GeneProductENSG00000249853 (Ensembl)
HS3ST6GeneProductENSG00000162040 (Ensembl)
HS6ST1GeneProductENSG00000136720 (Ensembl)
HS6ST2GeneProductENSG00000171004 (Ensembl)
HS6ST3GeneProductENSG00000185352 (Ensembl)
INMTGeneProductENSG00000241644 (Ensembl)
KCNAB1GeneProductENSG00000169282 (Ensembl)
KCNAB2GeneProductENSG00000069424 (Ensembl)
KCNAB3GeneProductENSG00000170049 (Ensembl)
MGST1GeneProductENSG00000008394 (Ensembl)
MGST2GeneProductENSG00000085871 (Ensembl)
MGST3GeneProductENSG00000143198 (Ensembl)
MethyltransferaseGeneProduct
N-acetyltransferaseGeneProduct
NAT10GeneProductENSG00000135372 (Ensembl)
NAT11GeneProductENSG00000110583 (Ensembl)
NAT12GeneProductENSG00000139977 (Ensembl)
NAT13GeneProductENSG00000121579 (Ensembl)
NAT14GeneProductENSG00000090971 (Ensembl)
NAT1GeneProductENSG00000171428 (Ensembl)
NAT2GeneProductENSG00000156006 (Ensembl)
NAT5GeneProductENSG00000173418 (Ensembl)
NAT6GeneProductENSG00000243477 (Ensembl)
NAT8GeneProductENSG00000144035 (Ensembl)
NAT8LGeneProductENSG00000185818 (Ensembl)
NAT9GeneProductENSG00000109065 (Ensembl)
NDST1GeneProductENSG00000070614 (Ensembl)
NDST2GeneProductENSG00000166507 (Ensembl)
NDST3GeneProductENSG00000164100 (Ensembl)
NDST4GeneProductENSG00000138653 (Ensembl)
NNMTGeneProductENSG00000166741 (Ensembl)
SULT1A1GeneProductENSG00000196502 (Ensembl)
SULT1A2GeneProductENSG00000197165 (Ensembl)
SULT1A3GeneProductENSG00000213599 (Ensembl)
SULT1A4GeneProductENSG00000213648 (Ensembl)
SULT1B1GeneProductENSG00000173597 (Ensembl)
SULT1C1GeneProductENSG00000198203 (Ensembl)
SULT1C2GeneProductENSG00000198075 (Ensembl)
SULT1C3GeneProductENSG00000196228 (Ensembl)
SULT1C4GeneProduct27233 (Entrez Gene)
SULT1E1GeneProductENSG00000109193 (Ensembl)
SULT2A1GeneProductENSG00000105398 (Ensembl)
SULT2B1GeneProductENSG00000088002 (Ensembl)
SULT4A1GeneProductENSG00000130540 (Ensembl)
SULT6B1GeneProductENSG00000138068 (Ensembl)
Substrate-AaMetabolite
Substrate-AcMetabolite
Substrate-CH3Metabolite
Substrate-GlMetabolite
Substrate-NH2Metabolite
Substrate-O-RMetabolite
Substrate-OHMetabolite
Substrate-SGMetabolite
Substrate-SHMetabolite
Substrate-SO3HMetabolite
Substrate=OMetabolite
SulfotransferaseGeneProduct
TPMTGeneProductENSG00000137364 (Ensembl)
UGT1A10GeneProduct54575 (Entrez Gene)
UGT1A1GeneProduct54658 (Entrez Gene)
UGT1A3GeneProduct54659 (Entrez Gene)
UGT1A4GeneProduct54657 (Entrez Gene)
UGT1A5GeneProduct54579 (Entrez Gene)
UGT1A6GeneProduct54578 (Entrez Gene)
UGT1A7GeneProduct54577 (Entrez Gene)
UGT1A8GeneProductENSG00000167165 (Ensembl)
UGT1A9GeneProduct54600 (Entrez Gene)
UGT2A1GeneProductENSG00000173610 (Ensembl)
UGT2A2GeneProduct574537 (Entrez Gene)
UGT2A3GeneProductENSG00000135220 (Ensembl)
UGT2B11GeneProductENSG00000213759 (Ensembl)
UGT2B15GeneProductENSG00000196620 (Ensembl)
UGT2B17GeneProductENSG00000197888 (Ensembl)
UGT2B28GeneProductENSG00000135226 (Ensembl)
UGT2B4GeneProductENSG00000156096 (Ensembl)
UGT2B7GeneProductENSG00000171234 (Ensembl)
Xenobiotic substrateMetabolite

Annotated Interactions

No annotated interactions

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