Ether lipid biosynthesis (Homo sapiens)
From WikiPathways
Description
Ether lipid biosynthesis in humans.
Ether lipids (e.g. plasmalogens), are peroxisome-derived glycerophospholipids where the hydrocarbon chain at the sn-1 position of the glycerol backbone is attached by an ether bond (single bond between carbon and oxygen atom). Ether lipids are used to form non-lamellar inverted hexagonal structures in model membranes (indicating they could facilitate membrane fusion processes). Lipid raft microdomains (cholesterol-rich membrane regions involved in cellular signaling) rely on ether lipids for their organization and stability. [PMID:28523433].
The pathway knowledge depicted in this model stems from Robert C. Murphy, who endorsed version r123734.
Metabolic conversion missing an identifier from Rhea have been visualized with double line thickness.Quality Tags
Ontology Terms
Bibliography
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- Yamaguchi S, Aoki K, Handa S, Yamakawa T; ''Deficiency of seminolipid sulphatase activity in brain tissue of metachromatic leucodystrophy.''; J Neurochem, 1975 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Irfan J Lodhi, Li Yin, Anne P L Jensen-Urstad, Katsuhiko Funai, Trey Coleman, John H Baird, Meral K El Ramahi, Babak Razani, Haowei Song, Fong Fu-Hsu, John Turk, Clay F Semenkovich; ''Inhibiting adipose tissue lipogenesis reprograms thermogenesis and PPARĪ³ activation to decrease diet-induced obesity''; Cell Metab., 2012 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Zomer AW, de Weerd WF, Langeveld J, van den Bosch H; ''Ether lipid synthesis: purification and identification of alkyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate synthase from guinea-pig liver.''; Biochim Biophys Acta, 1993 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- John M. Dean, Irfan J. Lodhi; ''Structural and functional roles of ether lipids''; Protein Cell., 2018 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Henneberry AL, McMaster CR; ''Cloning and expression of a human choline/ethanolaminephosphotransferase: synthesis of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine.''; Biochem J, 1999 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Werner ER, Keller MA, Sailer S, Lackner K, Koch J, Hermann M, Coassin S, Golderer G, Werner-Felmayer G, Zoeller RA, Hulo N, Berger J, Watschinger K; ''TheTMEM189gene encodes plasmanylethanolamine desaturase which introduces the characteristic vinyl ether double bond into plasmalogens.''; Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2020 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Han GS, Carman GM; ''Characterization of the human LPIN1-encoded phosphatidate phosphatase isoforms.''; J Biol Chem, 2010 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Fujimoto H, Tadano-Aritomi K, Tokumasu A, Ito K, Hikita T, Suzuki K, Ishizuka I; ''Requirement of seminolipid in spermatogenesis revealed by UDP-galactose: Ceramide galactosyltransferase-deficient mice.''; J Biol Chem, 2000 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Liu D, Nagan N, Just WW, Rodemer C, Thai TP, Zoeller RA; ''Role of dihydroxyacetonephosphate acyltransferase in the biosynthesis of plasmalogens and nonether glycerolipids.''; J Lipid Res, 2005 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
- Honke K, Yamane M, Ishii A, Kobayashi T, Makita A; ''Purification and characterization of 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate:GalCer sulfotransferase from human renal cancer cells.''; J Biochem, 1996 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
History
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External references
DataNodes
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Name | Type | Database reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
ACS | GeneProduct | 6.2.1.1 (Enzyme Nomenclature) | AKA acyl-CoA synthetase; composed of two subunits. |
AGPS | GeneProduct | O00116 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
ARSA | GeneProduct | P15289 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
Acyl-CoA | Metabolite | LMFA07050000 (LIPID MAPS) | |
Acyl-DHAP | Metabolite | LMGP22010000 (LIPID MAPS) | |
Alkyl-DHAP | Metabolite | LMGP22020000 (LIPID MAPS) | |
CEPT1 | GeneProduct | Q9Y6K0 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
Coenzyme A | Metabolite | 15346 (ChEBI) | |
DG-O | Metabolite | LMGL02020000 (LIPID MAPS) | |
DHAP | Metabolite | 16108 (ChEBI) | aka dihydroxyacetone phosphate |
FAR1 | GeneProduct | Q8WVX9 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | AKA fatty acyl-CoA reductase. |
FAR2 | GeneProduct | Q96K12 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | AKA fatty acyl-CoA reductase. |
Fatty acid biosynthesis | Pathway | WP357 (WikiPathways) | |
Fatty acid | Metabolite | CHEBI:57560 (ChEBI) | |
Fatty acid | Metabolite | LMFA01010000 (LIPID MAPS) | |
Fatty alcohol | Metabolite | LMFA05000000 (LIPID MAPS) | |
GAL3ST1 | GeneProduct | Q99999 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | EC 2.8.2.11 |
GNPAT | GeneProduct | O15228 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | AKA glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase |
GalEAG | Metabolite | LMGL050200A0 (LIPID MAPS) | |
LPA-O | Metabolite | LMGP10060000 (LIPID MAPS) | |
LPA | Metabolite | LMGP10050000 (LIPID MAPS) | |
LPCAT1 | GeneProduct | Q8NF37 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
LPIN1 | GeneProduct | Q14693 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
LPIN2 | GeneProduct | Q92539 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
LPIN3 | GeneProduct | Q9BQK8 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
PA-O | Metabolite | LMGP10020000 (LIPID MAPS) | |
PC-O | Metabolite | LMGP01020000 (LIPID MAPS) | |
PE-O | Metabolite | LMGP02020000 (LIPID MAPS) | |
PE-P | Metabolite | LMGP02030000 (LIPID MAPS) | AKA PE-Plasmalogen |
PEDS1 | GeneProduct | A5PLL7 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
PEX16 | GeneProduct | Q9Y5Y5 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
PEX19 | GeneProduct | P40855 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
PEX1 | GeneProduct | O43933 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
PEX3 | GeneProduct | P56589 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
PEX5L | GeneProduct | Q8IYB4 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | AKA Pex5 long isoform; "While both the long and short Pex5 isoforms recognize PTS1-containing proteins, Pex5L is a co-receptor with Pex7 for the import of PTS2-containing proteins, and its loss results only in impaired PTS2-tagged protein import" [PMID:28523433]. AGPS contains a PTS2 domain (type-2 peroxisomal targeting signal). [PMID:31751594] |
PEX7 | GeneProduct | O00628 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | AKA peroxisomal import receptor for proteins, including AGPS [PMID:28523433] |
PexRAP | GeneProduct | Q6IAN0 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | AKA an acyl/alkyl DHAP reductase; "identified this gene as dhrs7b and renamed the protein PexRAP (for peroxisomal reductase activating PPARĪ³)" [PMID:28523433] |
Seminolipid | Metabolite | LMGL05020000 (LIPID MAPS) | |
UGT8 | GeneProduct | Q16880 (Uniprot-TrEMBL) | |
UNIDENTIFIED | Protein | 1.1.1.101 (Enzyme Nomenclature) | Putative EC number as found in RHGEA entry https://www.rhea-db.org/rhea/36175 |
Annotated Interactions
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Source | Target | Type | Database reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Acyl-CoA | Acyl-DHAP | mim-conversion | 17658 (Rhea) | |
Acyl-CoA | Fatty alcohol | mim-conversion | 52717 (Rhea) | |
Acyl-DHAP | Alkyl-DHAP | mim-conversion | 36172 (Rhea) | |
Alkyl-DHAP | LPA-O | mim-conversion | 36176 (Rhea) | |
DG-O | PC-O | mim-conversion | 36180 (Rhea) | |
DG-O | PE-O | mim-conversion | 36188 (Rhea) | |
GalEAG | Seminolipid | mim-conversion | 41745 (Rhea) | |
LPA-O | PA-O | mim-conversion | 36236 (Rhea) | |
PA-O | DG-O | mim-conversion | 36240 (Rhea) | Rhea ID matching based on EC-code overlap. |
PE-O | PE-P | mim-conversion | 22957 (Rhea) |