Sphingolipid pathway (Homo sapiens)

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1, 2(DH)Cer synthasesDHGlcCerASAH3SPHK1CERTDHSMASAH2SerineASAH3CerS4C16:1-alDHCer1PASAH1SMS1SMase1DihydroceramidePalmityl-CoAPPAP2ASPT3B4GALT6SMS2GalCer SynthaseASAH2SPHK2GlcCer SynthaseSPHK2GAL3ST1Ethanolamine phosphateDHSTDHLacCerFVT1PPAP2ASa 1-phosphateCerS23-ketosphinganineDES1CeramidesDES2SGPP2SGPP2CerS3ASAH1SphinganineSPHK1CerS5SphingosineSPT2SPT1C16:0-alSphingosine 1-phosphateSoP lyase1SaP lyase1SMase2CERKCerS6CerS1DHGalCerCer1PCERTGalCerSMase2SphingomyelinSMS2GlcCerSMS1LactosylceramideGAL3ST1CERKSMase1SulfatideGalCer SynthaseGlcCer SynthaseB4GALT6


Description

The sphingolipid metabolites and genes (with the gene abbreviations shown in boxes, or enzyme names where gene names are ambiguous) are given for the condensation of serine and palmitoyl-CoA to form 3-ketosphinganine (3-ketoSa) by serine palmitoyltransferase, which is reduced to sphinganine (Sa), acylated to dihydroceramides, DHCer, by (DH)Cer synthases, and incorporated into more complex DH-sphingolipids (the 1-phosphate, DHCerP, sphingomyelins, DHSM, glucosylceramides, DHGlcCer, galactosylceramides, DHGalCer, lactosylceramides, DHLacCer, and sulfatides, or desaturated to Cer followed by headgroup addition. Also included are a number of the catabolic genes, e.g., sphingomyelinases, SMases, ceramidases, ASAH, sphingosine kinases, for the formation of sphinganine 1-phosphate (Sa1P) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (So1P), and phosphatases for the reverse reaction and the lyase that cleaves sphingoid base 1-phosphates to ethanolamine phosphate (EP), hexadecanal (C16:0al) and hexadecenal (C16:1al).

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Bibliography

  1. Merrill AH Jr, Stokes TH, Momin A, Park H, Portz BJ, Kelly S, Wang E, Sullards MC, Wang MD; ''Sphingolipidomics: a valuable tool for understanding the roles of sphingolipids in biology and disease.''; J Lipid Res, 2009 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  2. Hannun YA, Obeid LM; ''Principles of bioactive lipid signalling: lessons from sphingolipids.''; Nature reviews Molecular cell biology, 2008 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  3. Merrill AH Jr, Wang MD, Park M, Sullards MC; ''(Glyco)sphingolipidology: an amazing challenge and opportunity for systems biology.''; Trends Biochem Sci, 2007 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia

History

View all...
CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
118359view13:39, 27 May 2021Marvin M2added ref link
118355view13:35, 27 May 2021Marvin M2added pubmed for ref
110178view14:12, 23 April 2020EgonwRemoved a redundant and broken reference.
106689view13:00, 17 September 2019MaintBotHMDB identifier normalization
105103view12:39, 8 July 2019DeSlChanged wikidata IDs for genes to uniprot or Ensembl.
102322view08:19, 20 December 2018FehrhartChanged title due to overlap with other pathway
101821view07:55, 11 November 2018EgonwTwo more changes of "Ensembl Human" to "Ensembl".
101820view22:52, 10 November 2018LarsEijssenChanged the database for the primary annotation of CERT from 'Ensembl Human' to 'Ensembl'. After the change, the cross references are properly shown.
98570view15:36, 17 September 2018DeSlRemoved "last modified" item
98569view15:35, 17 September 2018DeSlModified description
98568view15:34, 17 September 2018DeSlChanged layout, added info from LipidMaps
97394view06:23, 14 May 2018EgonwSGMS2 and GlcCer are also proteins
97393view06:21, 14 May 2018EgonwSGMS1 is a gene product.
97383view17:52, 13 May 2018EgonwFixed the protein to type Protein.
95422view15:19, 14 December 2017DeSlAdded ID for ASAH3
95021view07:52, 1 November 2017EgonwFixed a data source.
94434view10:53, 8 September 2017DeSlAnnotated several nodes.
94433view10:51, 8 September 2017DeSlannotated several nodes.
94426view10:04, 7 September 2017DeSlChanged location of title.
94425view10:03, 7 September 2017DeSlConnected glucosylceramidase enzymes
94424view09:59, 7 September 2017DeSlChanged location of title.
94423view09:58, 7 September 2017DeSlAdded all reverse reactions to this PW, annotated several nodes.
94384view11:40, 6 September 2017DeSlChanged all lines for enzymes to MIM catalysis, changed all lines between metabolite nodes to MIM conversion. Still have to connect (DH)Cer synthases in PW. Will look at literature for that.
94372view13:12, 4 September 2017DeSlAdded information from lit. ref. to PW (inhibition by fumonisins B1)
94291view15:29, 31 August 2017DeSlQuick edit to datanode annotation or property
94111view12:05, 21 August 2017DeSlAdded decription for metabolite node abbreviations.
94110view11:52, 21 August 2017DeSlChanged appaerence of other groups of genes/proteins.
94109view11:50, 21 August 2017DeSlAdded several IDs for metabolites (lipids, example C16). Changed appaerence of several gene groups, which where shifted.
93688view14:13, 9 August 2017DeSlChanged faulty ChEBi ID(same was used for GalCer and GlcCer); added to other metaboolite IDs (previously not annotated).
79871view14:51, 21 April 2015Mkutmonfixed id for "Ethanolamine phosphate"
78591view14:51, 7 January 2015MaintBotadded missing graphIds
71368view18:37, 17 October 2013MaintBotAutomated update of data sources
71248view20:24, 16 October 2013MaintBotAutomated update of data sources
70115view19:13, 12 July 2013MaintBotupdated to 2013 schema
69398view18:59, 8 July 2013EgonwReplaced an outdated HMDB identifier with the 3.5 one.
68699view06:56, 6 July 2013EgonwRemoved HMDB as data source where no identifier was given.
59452view20:28, 27 February 2013Khanspersdatanode annotation
59451view20:24, 27 February 2013Khanspersfinal edits
59450view20:23, 27 February 2013Khansperswork in progress
59449view20:06, 27 February 2013Khansperswork in progress
59448view20:04, 27 February 2013Khansperswork in progress
59447view20:01, 27 February 2013Khansperswork in progress
59411view22:31, 26 February 2013MaintBotwork in progress
59410view22:27, 26 February 2013MaintBotPeriodical save, work in progress
59409view22:11, 26 February 2013MaintBotwork in progress
59408view22:09, 26 February 2013MaintBotPeriodical save, work in progress
59407view21:58, 26 February 2013MaintBotPeriodical save, work in progress
59404view21:48, 26 February 2013MaintBotPeriodical save, work in progress
59403view21:43, 26 February 2013MaintBotwork in progress
59402view21:38, 26 February 2013MaintBotPeriodical save, work in progress

External references

DataNodes

View all...
NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
3-ketosphinganineMetabolite
ASAH1GeneProduct427 (Entrez Gene)
ASAH2GeneProduct56624 (Entrez Gene)
ASAH3GeneProduct
B4GALT6GeneProduct9331 (Entrez Gene)
C16:0-alMetabolite
C16:1-alMetabolite
CERKGeneProduct64781 (Entrez Gene) 2.7.1.138
CERTGeneProduct
Cer1PMetabolite
CerS1GeneProduct57515 (Entrez Gene) 2.3.1.24
CerS2GeneProduct29956 (Entrez Gene)
CerS3GeneProduct204219 (Entrez Gene)
CerS4GeneProduct79603 (Entrez Gene)
CerS5GeneProduct91012 (Entrez Gene)
CerS6GeneProduct253782 (Entrez Gene)
CeramidesMetaboliteHMDB04949 (HMDB)
DES1GeneProduct
DES2GeneProduct
DHCer1PMetabolite
DHGalCerMetabolite
DHGlcCerMetabolite
DHLacCerMetabolite
DHSMMetabolite
DHSTMetabolite
DihydroceramideMetaboliteHMDB06752 (HMDB)
Ethanolamine phosphateMetaboliteEP (Other)
FVT1GeneProduct2531 (Entrez Gene) 1.1.1.102
GAL3ST1GeneProduct9514 (Entrez Gene)
GalCer SynthaseGeneProduct
GalCerMetaboliteHMDB00140 (HMDB)
GlcCer SynthaseGeneProduct
GlcCerMetaboliteHMDB00140 (HMDB)
LactosylceramideMetaboliteHMDB04868 (HMDB)
PPAP2AGeneProduct8611 (Entrez Gene)
Palmityl-CoAMetaboliteHMDB01338 (HMDB)
SGPP2GeneProduct130367 (Entrez Gene)
SMS1ProteinQ86VZ5 (Uniprot/TrEMBL) 2.7.8.3
SMS2ProteinQ8NHU3 (Uniprot/TrEMBL) 2.7.8.3
SMase1GeneProduct
SMase2GeneProduct
SPHK1GeneProduct8877 (Entrez Gene)
SPHK2GeneProduct56848 (Entrez Gene)
SPT1GeneProduct10558 (Entrez Gene)
SPT2GeneProduct9517 (Entrez Gene) 2.3.1.50
SPT3GeneProduct55304 (Entrez Gene)
Sa 1-phosphateMetaboliteHMDB01383 (HMDB)
SaP lyase1GeneProduct4.1.2.27
SerineMetaboliteHMDB00187 (HMDB)
SoP lyase1GeneProduct4.1.2.27
SphinganineMetaboliteHMDB00269 (HMDB)
SphingomyelinMetaboliteHMDB01348 (HMDB)
Sphingosine 1-phosphateMetaboliteHMDB00277 (HMDB)
SphingosineMetaboliteHMDB00252 (HMDB)
SulfatideMetaboliteHMDB00024 (HMDB)

Annotated Interactions

No annotated interactions

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