Enterocyte cholesterol metabolism (Homo sapiens)

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56Golgi apparatusEndoplasmic reticulumMitochondrionIntestinal lumenEndoplasmic reticulumChylomicronLipid dropletExocytosisPre-ChylomicronABCA1APOA4MTTPSLC27A4APOA1APOBMGAT1DGAT1EsterasePhospholipaseAPOA171phospholipidscholesterolTriacylglycerol lipasecholesterol esterstriacylglycerolsfatty acidsABCG8ABCG5cholesteroldiacylglycerolsmonoacylglycerolsDGLlysophospholipidsNPC1L1CD36ACAT2cholesterolfatty acidslysophospholipidsmonoacylglycerolscholesterol estersphospholipidsEnterocyte9triacylglycerolsFat digestion and absorptioncholesterolphospholipidsNascent HDLSAR1BPre-ChylomicronFatty Acid Beta OxidationHMGCS1Acetyl-CoAHMG-CoAMevalonic acidHMGCRMevalonic acid 5-pyrophosphateMVDPMVKMevalonic acid-5PMVKIDI1isopentenyl pyrophosphateDimethylallyl pyrophosphateFDPSGeranyl-PPlanosterol(S)-2,3-Epoxysqualenefarnesyl pyrophosphateSQLESqualeneFDFT1LSSFDPSzymosterolDHCR24desmosterolZymostenolEBP24,25-dihydrolanosterolLathosterol7-DehydrocholesterolDHCR7CholesterolSC5DLt-MASEBPDehydrodesmosterolDHCR7DHCR24DehydrolathosterolDHCR24SC5DLDHCR24DHCR24DHCR24CYP51A1Dihydro-t-MASff-MASDihydro-ff-MASCYP51A1HSD17B7NSDHLSC4MOLHSD17B7NSDHLSC4MOLDHCR24LBRTM7SF2LBRTM7SF2cholesterolLDLR4transintestinal cholesterol excretion (TICE) FABP2cholesterol


Description

This pathway includes the following processes regarding cholesterol metabolism: I) Absorption of cholesterol in the enterocyte, II) Forming of chylomicrons and other lipid droplets, III) Distinction between Bloch and Kandutsch-Russell cholesterol biosynthesis, IV) Absorption of cholesterol in the hepatocyte and V) Transintestinal cholesterol excretion (TICE).

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Quality Tags

Ontology Terms

 

Bibliography

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  1. Roberts MF; ''Phospholipases: structural and functional motifs for working at an interface.''; FASEB J, 1996 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  2. Huang B, Song BL, Xu C; ''Cholesterol metabolism in cancer: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.''; Nat Metab, 2020 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  3. Mitsche MA, McDonald JG, Hobbs HH, Cohen JC; ''Flux analysis of cholesterol biosynthesis in vivo reveals multiple tissue and cell-type specific pathways.''; Elife, 2015 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  4. Grefhorst A, Verkade HJ, Groen AK; ''The TICE Pathway: Mechanisms and Lipid-Lowering Therapies.''; Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J, 2019 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  5. Gonias SL; ''Mechanisms by Which LRP1 (Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1) Maintains Arterial Integrity.''; Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 2018 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  6. Hegele RA, Borén J, Ginsberg HN, Arca M, Averna M, Binder CJ, Calabresi L, Chapman MJ, Cuchel M, von Eckardstein A, Frikke-Schmidt R, Gaudet D, Hovingh GK, Kronenberg F, Lütjohann D, Parhofer KG, Raal FJ, Ray KK, Remaley AT, Stock JK, Stroes ES, Tokgözoğlu L, Catapano AL; ''Rare dyslipidaemias, from phenotype to genotype to management: a European Atherosclerosis Society task force consensus statement.''; Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2020 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  7. Ponz de Leon M, Carubbi F, Di Donato P, Carulli N; ''Cholesterol esterase activity of human intestinal mucosa.''; Dig Dis Sci, 1985 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  8. Tall AR, Thomas DG, Gonzalez-Cabodevilla AG, Goldberg IJ; ''Addressing dyslipidemic risk beyond LDL-cholesterol.''; J Clin Invest, 2022 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  9. Ko CW, Qu J, Black DD, Tso P; ''Regulation of intestinal lipid metabolism: current concepts and relevance to disease.''; Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2020 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  10. Porter FD; ''Malformation syndromes due to inborn errors of cholesterol synthesis.''; J Clin Invest, 2002 PubMed Europe PMC Scholia

History

CompareRevisionActionTimeUserComment
126539view16:07, 29 May 2023SusanModified title
125668view16:21, 6 March 2023DeSlConverted 'lipid droplet' from Metabolite to textLabel
125583view13:47, 1 March 2023TomPaulyNew pathway

External references

DataNodes

View all...
NameTypeDatabase referenceComment
(S)-2,3-EpoxysqualeneMetaboliteCHEBI:15441 (ChEBI)
24,25-dihydrolanosterolMetaboliteCHEBI:28113 (ChEBI)
7-DehydrocholesterolMetabolite434-16-2 (CAS)
ABCA1GeneProductENSG00000165029 (Ensembl)
ABCG5GeneProduct64240 (Entrez Gene)
ABCG8GeneProduct64241 (Entrez Gene)
ACAT2GeneProductENSG00000120437 (Ensembl)
APOA1GeneProductENSG00000118137 (Ensembl)
APOA4GeneProductENSG00000110244 (Ensembl)
APOBGeneProductENSG00000084674 (Ensembl)
Acetyl-CoAMetabolite72-89-9 (CAS)
CD36GeneProductENSG00000135218 (Ensembl)
CYP51A1GeneProductENSG00000001630 (Ensembl)
CholesterolMetabolite57-88-5 (CAS)
DGAT1GeneProductENSG00000185000 (Ensembl)
DGLMetaboliteCHEBI:15966 (ChEBI)
DHCR24GeneProductENSG00000116133 (Ensembl)
DHCR7GeneProduct1717 (Entrez Gene)
Dimethylallyl pyrophosphateMetabolite358-72-5 (CAS)
EBPGeneProductENSG00000147155 (Ensembl)
EsteraseMetaboliteHMDB0302632 (HMDB)
FABP2GeneProductENSG00000145384 (Ensembl)
FDFT1GeneProduct2222 (Entrez Gene)
FDPSGeneProduct2224 (Entrez Gene)
Fatty Acid Beta OxidationPathwayWP143 (WikiPathways)
Geranyl-PPMetabolite6699-20-3 (CAS)
HMG-CoAMetaboliteHMDB0001375 (HMDB)
HMGCRGeneProduct3156 (Entrez Gene)
HMGCS1GeneProduct3157 (Entrez Gene)
HSD17B7GeneProductENSG00000132196 (Ensembl)
IDI1GeneProduct3422 (Entrez Gene)
LBRGeneProductENSG00000143815 (Ensembl)
LDLRGeneProductENSG00000130164 (Ensembl)
LSSGeneProduct4047 (Entrez Gene)
LathosterolMetabolite80-99-9 (CAS)
MGAT1GeneProductENSG00000131446 (Ensembl)
MTTPGeneProductENSG00000138823 (Ensembl)
MVDGeneProduct4597 (Entrez Gene)
MVKGeneProduct4598 (Entrez Gene)
Mevalonic acid 5-pyrophosphateMetabolite1492-08-6 (CAS)
Mevalonic acid-5PMetabolite73566-35-5 (CAS)
Mevalonic acidMetabolite150-97-0 (CAS)
NPC1L1GeneProductENSG00000015520 (Ensembl)
NSDHLGeneProduct50814 (Entrez Gene) NAD(P) dependent steroid dehydrogenase-like
PMVKGeneProduct10654 (Entrez Gene)
PhospholipaseMetaboliteHMDB0302979 (HMDB)
SAR1BGeneProductENSG00000152700 (Ensembl)
SC4MOLGeneProduct6307 (Entrez Gene)
SC5DLGeneProduct6309 (Entrez Gene)
SLC27A4GeneProductENSG00000167114 (Ensembl)
SQLEGeneProduct6713 (Entrez Gene)
SqualeneMetabolite111-02-4 (CAS)
TM7SF2GeneProductENSG00000149809 (Ensembl)
Triacylglycerol lipaseProteinA0A087WX88 (Uniprot-TrEMBL)
ZymostenolMetaboliteCHEBI:16608 (ChEBI)
cholesterol estersMetaboliteCHEBI:17002 (ChEBI)
cholesterolMetaboliteCHEBI:16113 (ChEBI)
desmosterolMetaboliteCHEBI:17737 (ChEBI)
diacylglycerolsMetaboliteCHEBI:18035 (ChEBI)
farnesyl pyrophosphateMetabolite13058-04-3 (CAS)
fatty acidsMetaboliteCHEBI:35366 (ChEBI)
isopentenyl pyrophosphateMetabolite358-71-4 (CAS)
lanosterolMetaboliteCHEBI:16521 (ChEBI)
lysophospholipidsMetaboliteCHEBI:16961 (ChEBI)
monoacylglycerolsMetaboliteCHEBI:17408 (ChEBI)
phospholipidsMetaboliteCHEBI:16247 (ChEBI)
triacylglycerolsMetaboliteCHEBI:17855 (ChEBI)
zymosterolMetaboliteCHEBI:18252 (ChEBI)

Annotated Interactions

No annotated interactions

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